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Bioremediation of Wastewater for Valorization

A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Water Science and Technology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2022) | Viewed by 13512

Special Issue Editors


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CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina – Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
Interests: wastewater treatment; wastewater valorization; aerobic granular sludge; microalgal-bacterial granular sludge; microbiome; resource recovery; bioaugmentation
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Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
Interests: wastewater treatment; biological processes; aerobic granular sludge technology; partial nitritation and anammox processes for nitrogen removal; anaerobic digestion for sludge management; chemometric image analysis; disinfection by UV
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering–(DICEA), University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
Interests: wastewater treatment; biofilm; aerobic granular sludge; extracellular polymeric substances; resource recovery; membrane bioreactors; moving bed biofilm reactors; anaerobic digestion
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
Interests: wastewater/waste valorization; wastewater treatment; biopolymer production; microbial ecology and diversity; biochemistry; microbial metabolism; advanced monitoring tools; metabolic modelling; green advanced extraction methods

Special Issue Information

The global demand for water is growing and wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) have an important role in the water environmental conservation processes, ensuring the safe return of water into the water cycle. The main objective of WWTPs is to turn wastewater appropriate for discharge, complying with the stringent legislative requirements. However, given the increasing concern with the sustainable management of wastewater, economically feasible solutions for its treatment and valorization are needed, as a way towards the circular economy in the wastewater sector. To this end, the development of technologies that can be implemented in the water and/or sludge lines can assist in this transition, either through the recycling of water or through the recovery of resources from water-based waste.

This Special Issue of the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (IJERPH) aims to give the reader an updated understanding on the current state of knowledge on the development of integrated systems. New research papers, reviews, and case reports are welcome.

Dr. Catarina Raquel Leite Amorim
Prof. Dr. Ángeles Val del Río
Dr. Riccardo Campo
Dr. Anouk Duque
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • wastewater treatment
  • wastewater valorization
  • recycling
  • recovery
  • integrated systems
  • circular economy

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 14696 KiB  
Article
Biomethane Production from Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Selected Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste (OFMSW) with Sewage Sludge: Effect of the Inoculum to Substrate Ratio (ISR) and Mixture Composition on Process Performances
by Santo Fabio Corsino, Michele Torregrossa and Gaspare Viviani
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(24), 13048; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182413048 - 10 Dec 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3028
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the inoculum to substrate ratio (ISR) and the mixture ratio between organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) and sewage sludge (SS) on the methane production potential achievable from anaerobic co-digestion (AcoD). [...] Read more.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the inoculum to substrate ratio (ISR) and the mixture ratio between organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) and sewage sludge (SS) on the methane production potential achievable from anaerobic co-digestion (AcoD). Biochemical Methane Potential (BMP) assays at mesophilic temperature were used to determine the best AcoD configuration for maximizing methane yield and production rate, as well as to address possible synergistic effects. The maximum methane yield was observed at ISR of 1 and 60% OFMSW: 40% SS as co-digestion mixture, whereas the highest methane production rate was achieved at ISR of 2 with the same mixture ratio (207 mL/gVS/d). Synergistic effects were highlighted in the mixtures having OFMSW below 60%, determining an increase of approximately 40% in methane production than the OFMSW and SS digestion as a sole substrate. The experimental data demonstrated that co-digestion of OFMSW and SS resulted in an increase in the productivity of methane than anaerobic digestion using the sole substrates, producing higher yields or production rates while depending on the ISR and the mixture ratio. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioremediation of Wastewater for Valorization)
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9 pages, 1185 KiB  
Article
On-Line Control of Feast/Famine Cycles to Improve PHB Accumulation during Cultivation of Mixed Microbial Cultures in Sequential Batch Reactors
by Francisco Cabrera, Álvaro Torres-Aravena, Fernanda Pinto-Ibieta, José Luis Campos and David Jeison
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(23), 12611; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182312611 - 30 Nov 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2075
Abstract
Production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) has generated great interest as building blocks for bioplastic production. Their production using mixed microbial cultures represents an interesting alternative, since it enables the use of organic wastes as a carbon source. Feast/famine strategy is a common way to [...] Read more.
Production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) has generated great interest as building blocks for bioplastic production. Their production using mixed microbial cultures represents an interesting alternative, since it enables the use of organic wastes as a carbon source. Feast/famine strategy is a common way to promote selection of microorganisms with PHA accumulation capacity. However, when using waste sources, changes in substrate concentration are expected, that may affect performance and efficiency of the process. This study showed how the dissolved oxygen level can be used for online control of the cycle time, ensuring that the desired feast/famine ratio is effectively applied. An operation strategy is presented and validated, using sequential batch reactors fed with acetate as the carbon source. Production of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) was studied, which is the expected type of PHA to be synthetized when using acetate as substrate. Two reactors were operated by applying the proposed control strategy, to provide F/F ratios of 0.2 and 0.6, respectively. A third reactor was operated with a fixed cycle time, for comparison purposes. Results showed that the reactor that operated at an F/F ratio of 0.6 promoted higher biomass productivity and PHB content, as a result of a better use of available time, preventing unnecessary long famine times. The application of the tested strategy is a simple a reliable way to promote a better performance of feast/famine-based bioreactors involving mixed microbial cultures for PHB production. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioremediation of Wastewater for Valorization)
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16 pages, 1935 KiB  
Article
Bioconversion of Organic Pollutants in Fish-Canning Wastewater into Volatile Fatty Acids and Polyhydroxyalkanoate
by Tania Palmeiro-Sánchez, José Luis Campos and Anuska Mosquera-Corral
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(19), 10176; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph181910176 - 28 Sep 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2288
Abstract
The wastewater from the cookers of a tuna-canning plant was used as feedstock for the process. It was acidified in a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) of 1.5 L to produce a mixture of volatile fatty acids (VFAs). The effluent contained 28.3 ± [...] Read more.
The wastewater from the cookers of a tuna-canning plant was used as feedstock for the process. It was acidified in a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) of 1.5 L to produce a mixture of volatile fatty acids (VFAs). The effluent contained 28.3 ± 8.7 g CODS/L and 25.0 ± 4.6 g CODVFA/L, 4.4 ± 1.6 g NH4+/L, and 10.9 ± 4.0 g Na+/L, which corresponds to about 28 g NaCl/L approximately. This was used to feed a PHA production system. The enriched MMC presented a capacity to accumulate PHAs from the fermented tuna wastewater. The maximum PHA content of the biomass in the fed-batch (8.35 wt% PHA) seemed very low, possibly due to the variable salinity (from 2.2 up to 12.3 g NaCl/L) and the presence of ammonium (which promoted the biomass growth). The batch assay showed a PHA accumulation of 5.70 wt% PHA, but this is a much better result if the productivity of the reactor is taken into account. The fed-batch reactor had a productivity of 10.3 mg PHA/(L h), while the batch value was about five times higher (55.4 mg PHA/(L h)). At the sight of the results, it can be seen that the acidification of fish-canning wastewater is possible even at high saline concentrations (27.7 g NaCl/L). On the other hand, the enrichment and accumulation results show us promising news and which direction has to be followed: PHAs can be obtained from challenging substrates, and the feeding mode during the accumulation stage has an important role to play when it comes to inhibition. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioremediation of Wastewater for Valorization)
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Review

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28 pages, 1104 KiB  
Review
Wastewater Valorization: Practice around the World at Pilot- and Full-Scale
by Anouk F. Duque, Riccardo Campo, Angeles Val del Rio and Catarina L. Amorim
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(18), 9466; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18189466 - 8 Sep 2021
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 4952
Abstract
Over the last few years, wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have been rebranded as water resource recovery facilities (WRRFs), which recognize the resource recovery potential that exists in wastewater streams. WRRFs contribute to a circular economy by not only producing clean water but by [...] Read more.
Over the last few years, wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have been rebranded as water resource recovery facilities (WRRFs), which recognize the resource recovery potential that exists in wastewater streams. WRRFs contribute to a circular economy by not only producing clean water but by recovering valuable resources such as nutrients, energy, and other bio-based materials. To this aim, huge efforts in technological progress have been made to valorize sewage and sewage sludge, transforming them into valuable resources. This review summarizes some of the widely used and effective strategies applied at pilot- and full-scale settings in order to valorize the wastewater treatment process. An overview of the different technologies applied in the water and sludge line is presented, covering a broad range of resources, i.e., water, biomass, energy, nutrients, volatile fatty acids (VFA), polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), and exopolymeric substances (EPS). Moreover, guidelines and regulations around the world related to water reuse and resource valorization are reviewed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioremediation of Wastewater for Valorization)
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