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Cyber Security and the Internet of Things (IoT): Theories, Approaches,...
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Cyber Security and the Internet of Things (IoT): Theories, Approaches, Smart Applications, and New Trends

A special issue of Information (ISSN 2078-2489). This special issue belongs to the section "Internet of Things (IoT)".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2024) | Viewed by 6162

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Qianlong Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Computer & Information Sciences, Towson University, Towson, MD 21252, USA
Interests: robust and secure deep learning networks; cybersecurity; security and privacy in Internet of Things (IoT); smart transportation; smart city; and smart healthcare.
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Weixian Liao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Computer & Information Sciences, Towson University, Towson, MD 21252, USA
Interests: big data analytics; cybersecurity, and networking in cyber physical systems and IoT
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Changqing Luo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA E4249, USA
Interests: wireless communication and networking; artificial intelligence; cyber security
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Internet of Things (IoT) was developed to enable numerous smart applications, such as smart cities, smart transportation, smart homes, smart grid, smart industries, etc. With the rapid growth in the number of heterogeneous IoT devices and their applications, cybersecurity in IoT faces new challenges and vulnerabilities. Applying traditional security protection measures, such as encryption, authentication, and access control, might be insufficient to address attacks on the IoT, e.g., Mirai Botnet, webcam hacks, distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks, and other sophisticated attacks. Additionally, the intrinsic distributed / decentralized structure and heterogeneity of IoT devices and data bring new challenges in enabling secure IoT systems. New IoT applications developed under such an environment may have limitations in defending against various specially designed attacks. The corresponding security approaches and theoretical foundations have not been fully studied. On the other hand, the emergence of AI and the blockchain as powerful tools have transformed the scheme of attack and defense in current IoTs. The effective use of these tools to resist cyber attacks in heterogeneous IoT systems and enable their secure and effective applications represents a critical milestone for the future development of IoT technologies. Therefore, this Special Issue will focus on the wide range of discussions and studies focused on building secure IoT systems and applications. The issue solicits the latest research outcomes on attack defense approaches, secure smart applications, security analysis in IoT systems, and potential new trends, challenges, and opportunities in this field.

Dr. Qianlong Wang
Dr. Weixian Liao
Dr. Changqing Luo
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Information is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Internet of Things (IoT)
  • security and vulnerability analysis
  • AI-driven secure IoT
  • blockchain-empowered IoT
  • distributed / decentralized systems
  • heterogenous data

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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23 pages, 3239 KiB  
Article
Applying Pattern Language to Enhance IIoT System Design and Integration: From Theory to Practice
by Hasanain Hazim Azeez, Mohammadreza Sharbaf, Bahman Zamani and Shekoufeh Kolahdouz-Rahimi
Information 2024, 15(10), 595; https://doi.org/10.3390/info15100595 - 30 Sep 2024
Viewed by 673
Abstract
The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) is pivotal in advancing industrial automation, offering significant improvements in connectivity and efficiency. However, the integration of heterogeneous devices within IIoT systems presents substantial challenges, primarily due to the diversity in device hardware, protocols, and functionalities. In [...] Read more.
The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) is pivotal in advancing industrial automation, offering significant improvements in connectivity and efficiency. However, the integration of heterogeneous devices within IIoT systems presents substantial challenges, primarily due to the diversity in device hardware, protocols, and functionalities. In this paper, we propose a new pattern language specifically designed to enhance interoperability and operational efficiency across industrial settings. Drawing from a case study of the State Company for Automotive Industry (S.C.A.I.) in Iraq, this study details the development and integration of eleven interrelated patterns. These patterns were carefully combined based on identified relationships, forming a comprehensive pattern language that addresses key aspects of system heterogeneity, including device communication, data security, and system scalability. The pattern language was validated using the Delphi process theory, engaging industry experts to refine and optimize the framework for practical application. The implementation of this pattern language led to significant improvements in system integration, enabling seamless communication between diverse devices and enhancing operational workflows. The case study demonstrates the practical viability of the proposed pattern language in enhancing interoperability within real-world Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) applications. Furthermore, the replicable nature of this framework makes it a valuable resource for other industrial environments seeking to harness the power of IIoT technologies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cyber Security and the Internet of Things (IoT): Theories, Approaches, Smart Applications, and New Trends)
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26 pages, 659 KiB  
Article
A Comparison of Neural-Network-Based Intrusion Detection against Signature-Based Detection in IoT Networks
by Max Schrötter, Andreas Niemann and Bettina Schnor
Information 2024, 15(3), 164; https://doi.org/10.3390/info15030164 - 14 Mar 2024
Viewed by 2377
Abstract
Over the last few years, a plethora of papers presenting machine-learning-based approaches for intrusion detection have been published. However, the majority of those papers do not compare their results with a proper baseline of a signature-based intrusion detection system, thus violating good machine [...] Read more.
Over the last few years, a plethora of papers presenting machine-learning-based approaches for intrusion detection have been published. However, the majority of those papers do not compare their results with a proper baseline of a signature-based intrusion detection system, thus violating good machine learning practices. In order to evaluate the pros and cons of the machine-learning-based approach, we replicated a research study that uses a deep neural network model for intrusion detection. The results of our replicated research study expose several systematic problems with the used datasets and evaluation methods. In our experiments, a signature-based intrusion detection system with a minimal setup was able to outperform the tested model even under small traffic changes. Testing the replicated neural network on a new dataset recorded in the same environment with the same attacks using the same tools showed that the accuracy of the neural network dropped to 54%. Furthermore, the often-claimed advantage of being able to detect zero-day attacks could not be seen in our experiments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cyber Security and the Internet of Things (IoT): Theories, Approaches, Smart Applications, and New Trends)
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17 pages, 948 KiB  
Article
Robust Multiagent Reinforcement Learning for UAV Systems: Countering Byzantine Attacks
by Jishu K. Medhi, Rui Liu, Qianlong Wang and Xuhui Chen
Information 2023, 14(11), 623; https://doi.org/10.3390/info14110623 - 19 Nov 2023
Viewed by 2233
Abstract
Multiple unmanned aerial vehicle (multi-UAV) systems have gained significant attention in applications, such as aerial surveillance and search and rescue missions. With the recent development of state-of-the-art multiagent reinforcement learning (MARL) algorithms, it is possible to train multi-UAV systems in collaborative and competitive [...] Read more.
Multiple unmanned aerial vehicle (multi-UAV) systems have gained significant attention in applications, such as aerial surveillance and search and rescue missions. With the recent development of state-of-the-art multiagent reinforcement learning (MARL) algorithms, it is possible to train multi-UAV systems in collaborative and competitive environments. However, the inherent vulnerabilities of multiagent systems pose significant privacy and security risks when deploying general and conventional MARL algorithms. The presence of even a single Byzantine adversary within the system can severely degrade the learning performance of UAV agents. This work proposes a Byzantine-resilient MARL algorithm that leverages a combination of geometric median consensus and a robust state update model to mitigate, or even eliminate, the influence of Byzantine attacks. To validate its effectiveness and feasibility, the authors include a multi-UAV threat model, provide a guarantee of robustness, and investigate key attack parameters for multiple UAV navigation scenarios. Results from the experiments show that the average rewards during a Byzantine attack increased by up to 60% for the cooperative navigation scenario compared with conventional MARL techniques. The learning rewards generated by the baseline algorithms could not converge during training under these attacks, while the proposed method effectively converged to an optimal solution, proving its viability and correctness. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cyber Security and the Internet of Things (IoT): Theories, Approaches, Smart Applications, and New Trends)
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