Heart Disease in Women II

A special issue of Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease (ISSN 2308-3425). This special issue belongs to the section "Epidemiology, Lifestyle, and Cardiovascular Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2024) | Viewed by 8165

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
Interests: heart disease in women; cardiac imaging
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Guest Editor
Cardiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
Interests: heart disease in women; interventional cardiology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
MFM, OB GYN, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
Interests: high-risk pregnancy; heart disease in women
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Due to the success of the first edition of the Special Issue “Heart Disease in Women”, we have launched a second edition.

There has been an increase in the maternal death rate in the US in recent years. This is greatly driven by cardiovascular-disease-related deaths. Cardiovascular disease accounted for 15.5% of maternal deaths in the United States between 2011 and 2013. There are several contributing factors, including the increasing number of women with congenital heart disease reaching reproductive age and a higher prevalence of chronic medical conditions that put women at risk for cardiac complications. Cardio-obstetrics is an evolving interdisciplinary field that allows experts from different specialties to work together and create new models to take care of patients before, during, and after pregnancy. There are numerous knowledge gaps in our understanding of heart disease in women, during their childbearing periods, and, importantly, beyond their reproductive years. We call for research studies to explore the epidemiologic trends in women's heart disease in the world, innovative diagnostic tools and algorithms to address complex clinical dilemmas, solutions for multidisciplinary team building, patient-centered education and decision making, and many more topics related to heart disease in women.

The goal of this Special Issue is to establish a forum for obstetricians and gynecologists, cardiac imagers, cardiac interventionalists, electrophysiologists, congenital heart specialists, surgeons, clinical fellows, and others to contribute to our understanding of heart disease in women.

Prof. Dr. Cynthia C. Taub
Dr. Anna E. Bortnick
Dr. Diana S. Wolfe
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • imaging in women
  • peripartum cardiomyopathy
  • adult congenital heart disease in pregnancy
  • POCUS
  • labor and delivery

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 2038 KiB  
Article
Gender-Based Clinical, Therapeutic Strategies and Prognosis Differences in Atrial Fibrillation
by Aurelio Quesada, Javier Quesada-Ocete, Blanca Quesada-Ocete, Víctor del Moral-Ronda, Javier Jiménez-Bello, Ricardo Rubini-Costa, Carl J. Lavie, Daniel P. Morin, Fernando de la Guía-Galipienso, Ricardo Rubini-Puig and Fabian Sanchis-Gomar
J. Cardiovasc. Dev. Dis. 2023, 10(10), 434; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd10100434 - 18 Oct 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1810
Abstract
Background: There are limited data on gender-based differences in atrial fibrillation (AF) treatment and prognosis. We aimed to examine gender-related differences in medical attention in an emergency department (ED) and follow-up (FU) among patients diagnosed with an AF episode and to determine whether [...] Read more.
Background: There are limited data on gender-based differences in atrial fibrillation (AF) treatment and prognosis. We aimed to examine gender-related differences in medical attention in an emergency department (ED) and follow-up (FU) among patients diagnosed with an AF episode and to determine whether there are gender-related differences in clinical characteristics, therapeutic strategies, and long-term adverse events in this population. Methods: We performed a retrospective observational study of patients who presented to a tertiary hospital ER for AF from 2010 to 2015, with a minimum FU of one year. Data on medical attention received, mortality, and other adverse outcomes were collected and analyzed. Results: Among the 2013 patients selected, 1232 (60%) were female. Women were less likely than men to be evaluated by a cardiologist during the ED visit (11.5% vs. 16.6%, p = 0.001) and were less likely to be admitted (5.9% vs. 9.5%, p < 0.05). Electrical cardioversion was performed more frequently in men, both during the first episode (3.4% vs. 1.2%, p = 0.001) and during FU (15.9% vs. 10.6%, p < 0.001), despite a lower AF recurrence rate in women (9.9% vs. 18.1%). During FU, women had more hospitalizations for heart failure (26.2% vs. 16.1%, p < 0.001). Conclusions: In patients with AF, although there were no gender differences in mortality, there were significant differences in clinical outcomes, medical attention received, and therapeutic strategies. Women underwent fewer attempts at cardioversion, had a lower probability of being evaluated by cardiologists, and showed a higher probability of hospitalization for heart failure. Being alert to these inequities should facilitate the adoption of measures to correct them. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Heart Disease in Women II)
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Review

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17 pages, 7108 KiB  
Review
Multimodality Imaging in the Detection of Ischemic Heart Disease in Women
by Sean Paul Gaine, Garima Sharma, Albree Tower-Rader, Mina Botros, Lara Kovell, Anushri Parakh, Malissa J. Wood and Colleen M. Harrington
J. Cardiovasc. Dev. Dis. 2022, 9(10), 350; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd9100350 - 13 Oct 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3862
Abstract
Women with coronary artery disease tend to have a worse short and long-term prognosis relative to men and the incidence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is increasing. Women are less likely to present with classic anginal symptoms when compared with men and more likely [...] Read more.
Women with coronary artery disease tend to have a worse short and long-term prognosis relative to men and the incidence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is increasing. Women are less likely to present with classic anginal symptoms when compared with men and more likely to be misdiagnosed. Several non-invasive imaging modalities are available for diagnosing ischemic heart disease in women and many of these modalities can also assist with prognostication and help to guide management. Selection of the optimal imaging modality to evaluate women with possible ischemic heart disease is a scenario which clinicians often encounter. Earlier modalities such as exercise treadmill testing demonstrate significant performance variation in men and women, while newer modalities such as coronary CT angiography, myocardial perfusion imaging and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging are highly specific and sensitive for the detection of ischemia and coronary artery disease with greater parity between sexes. Individual factors, availability, diagnostic performance, and female-specific considerations such as pregnancy status may influence the decision to select one modality over another. Emerging techniques such as strain rate imaging, CT-myocardial perfusion imaging and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging present additional options for diagnosing ischemia and coronary microvascular dysfunction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Heart Disease in Women II)
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Other

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13 pages, 6110 KiB  
Case Report
Cardiac Amyloidosis: A Rare TTR Mutation Found in an Asian Female
by Kristina Mouksian, Jessica Ammon, Drenda Pullen, Qiuhua Zhang, Neeraja Yedlapati and John Lynn Jefferies
J. Cardiovasc. Dev. Dis. 2023, 10(1), 13; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd10010013 - 1 Jan 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2205
Abstract
Background: Transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis (ATTR) is a life-threatening, debilitating disease caused by abnormal formation and deposit of transthyretin (TTR) protein in multiple tissues, including myocardial extracellular matrix. It can be challenging to diagnose due to the myriad of presenting signs and symptoms. Additionally, [...] Read more.
Background: Transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis (ATTR) is a life-threatening, debilitating disease caused by abnormal formation and deposit of transthyretin (TTR) protein in multiple tissues, including myocardial extracellular matrix. It can be challenging to diagnose due to the myriad of presenting signs and symptoms. Additionally, numerous TTR mutations exist in certain ethnicities. Interestingly, our patient was discovered to have a very rare Gly67Ala TTR mutation typically not found in individuals of Asian descent. Recent advances in cardiovascular imaging techniques have allowed for earlier recognition and, therefore, management of this disease. Although incurable, there are now new, emerging treatments that are available for symptom control of cardiac amyloidosis, making early diagnosis vital for these patients, specifically their quality of life. Case summary: We outline a case of a 50-year-old Asian female who was initially hospitalized for nausea and vomiting and persistent orthostatic hypotension. She underwent a multitude of laboratory and imaging tests, resulting in a diagnosis of cardiac amyloidosis, which was confirmed to be due to a rare TTR mutation via genetic testing. Conclusions: Our objective is to describe various TTR mutations, existing diagnostic imaging modalities, and available treatments, as well as highlight the importance of early screening and awareness of cardiac amyloidosis, allowing for quicker diagnosis and treatment of this disease. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Heart Disease in Women II)
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