Chronic Kidney Disease: Clinical Challenges and Management

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Nephrology & Urology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 March 2025 | Viewed by 3040

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Kidney Disease and Transplant Center, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kamakura, Japan
Interests: vascular biology; cardiovascular disease; hemodialysis; kidney disease; regenerative medicine
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Kidney Disease and Transplant Center, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kamakura, Japan
Interests: kidney disease; regenerative medicine; hemodialysis; vascular biology; cardiovascular disease
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a devastating disease which progresses to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and has a large impact on prognosis in CKD patients via concomitant atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, malnutrition, inflammation, malignancy, etc. Previous large clinical trials have shown that drugs, including angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi), angiotensin type Ⅱ receptor blockers (ARBs), SGLT2 inhibitors, and mineral corticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), retard the progression of CKD. However, the results are still not optimal, leading to an increase in dialysis patients worldwide. Although interventional treatment could retard the progression of CKD, improvement in kidney function (reverse kidney dysfunction), as the final goal, has not been fully achieved. Regenerative cell therapies or exosome therapies using several cell sources are emerging as new potential strategies. However, there are still challenges for human CKD.

Based on the abovementioned background, we introduce this Special Issue, entitled “Chronic Kidney Disease: Clinical Challenges and Management”, in the Journal of Clinical Medicine. As Guest Editors of this Special Issue, we invite submissions focused on treatment approaches (even if challenging and/or small clinical trials), observational research, and trials conducted by specialists in the fields of nursing, nutrition, rehabilitation, pharmacies, and multidisciplinary team approaches for CKD and comorbid diseases.

Dr. Shuzo Kobayashi
Dr. Takayasu Ohtake
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • chronic kidney disease
  • clinical trial
  • end-stage renal disease
  • kidney dysfunction
  • management
  • challenge

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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10 pages, 197 KiB  
Article
Public Unawareness of Renal Function: A Questionnaire Survey at a Health Promotion Seminar
by Yukinori Aimiya, Sho Hasegawa, Mikio Sakakibara, Midori Hasegawa, Naotake Tsuboi, Naoki Nakagawa and Shigeki Yamada
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(3), 664; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14030664 - 21 Jan 2025
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Abstract
Background: Progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) increases the risk of complications such as cardiovascular disease; however, knowledge regarding renal function in the general population is low. We aimed to determine factors necessitating CKD education in the general population. Methods: Participants for a [...] Read more.
Background: Progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) increases the risk of complications such as cardiovascular disease; however, knowledge regarding renal function in the general population is low. We aimed to determine factors necessitating CKD education in the general population. Methods: Participants for a health promotion seminar were recruited via the Sugiura Memorial Foundation website and Sugi Pharmacy stores. Those who agreed to participate in the seminar were included in the questionnaire survey after a health seminar. Results: Out of 1548 participants, 1050 answered all questionnaire items, resulting in a valid response rate of 67.83%. Multivariable analysis revealed that sex (OR = 0.611), pharmacy consultations (OR = 0.661), receiving a blood test within 1 year (OR = 0.268), awareness of blood pressure (OR = 0.038), and knowledge of blood glucose level (OR = 0.099) were factors for unawareness of renal function. Conclusions: This study suggests that female individuals unaware of their blood pressure or glucose levels, those who have not had a blood test within 1 year, and those who have not sought health consultations need education on renal function. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Chronic Kidney Disease: Clinical Challenges and Management)
11 pages, 1153 KiB  
Article
The Association Between the Perception of Exercise Benefits and Barriers and Exercise Self-Efficacy During the Induction Phase of Dialysis in Patients with End-Stage Kidney Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study
by Yuma Hirano, Tomoyuki Fujikura, Tomoya Yamaguchi, Akihiko Kato, Kenichi Kono, Naro Ohashi, Hideo Yasuda and Katsuya Yamauchi
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(21), 6332; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13216332 - 23 Oct 2024
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Abstract
Background/Objectives: The physical function of patients with chronic kidney disease gradually declines as kidney function deteriorates, and this decline becomes more pronounced after the initiation of dialysis. Encouraging the development of exercise habits from the initiation phase of dialysis is crucial. Increased exercise [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: The physical function of patients with chronic kidney disease gradually declines as kidney function deteriorates, and this decline becomes more pronounced after the initiation of dialysis. Encouraging the development of exercise habits from the initiation phase of dialysis is crucial. Increased exercise self-efficacy is essential for establishing these habits. However, the related factors at this stage are unclear. This study hypothesized that perceptions of exercise benefits and barriers are related to exercise self-efficacy and aimed to investigate this association. Methods: This single-center, cross-sectional study included 72 patients and assessed the stages of exercise behavior change, perceptions of exercise benefits and barriers, and exercise self-efficacy. Multiple regression analysis was used to examine the association between exercise self-efficacy and perceptions of the benefits and barriers of exercise. Results: Perceptions of exercise benefits were still significantly associated with self-efficacy for exercise after adjustment for age, gender, history of cardiovascular disease, diabetic kidney disease, living alone, employment, and physical function (β = 0.474, p < 0.001). Similarly, perceptions of exercise barriers were also significantly associated with self-efficacy for exercise (β = −0.410, p = 0.001). A subgroup analysis that only examined participants without exercise habits revealed a similar association. Conclusions: Perceptions of exercise benefits and barriers may be associated with exercise self-efficacy in patients with end-stage kidney disease during the initiation phase of dialysis. As patients are temporarily hospitalized during this phase, it provides an opportunity for intervention. Exercise education and supportive environments during hospitalization may enhance perceptions of exercise benefits, reduce perceptions of exercise barriers, and improve exercise self-efficacy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Chronic Kidney Disease: Clinical Challenges and Management)
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21 pages, 2882 KiB  
Perspective
Hemoincompatibility in Hemodialysis-Related Therapies and Their Health Economic Perspectives
by Carsten Hornig, Sudhir K. Bowry, Fatih Kircelli, Dana Kendzia, Christian Apel and Bernard Canaud
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(20), 6165; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13206165 - 16 Oct 2024
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Abstract
Hemobiologic reactions associated with the hemoincompatibility of extracorporeal circuit material are an undesirable and inevitable consequence of all blood-contacting medical devices, typically considered only from a clinical perspective. In hemodialysis (HD), the blood of patients undergoes repetitive (at least thrice weekly for 4 [...] Read more.
Hemobiologic reactions associated with the hemoincompatibility of extracorporeal circuit material are an undesirable and inevitable consequence of all blood-contacting medical devices, typically considered only from a clinical perspective. In hemodialysis (HD), the blood of patients undergoes repetitive (at least thrice weekly for 4 h and lifelong) exposure to different polymeric materials that activate plasmatic pathways and blood cells. There is a general agreement that hemoincompatibility reactions, although unavoidable during extracorporeal therapies, are unphysiological contributors to non-hemodynamic dialysis-induced systemic stress and need to be curtailed. Strategies to lessen the periodic and direct effects of blood interacting with artificial surfaces to stimulate numerous biological pathways have focused mainly on the development of ‘more passive’ materials to decrease intradialytic morbidity. The indirect implications of this phenomenon, such as its impact on the overall delivery of care, have not been considered in detail. In this article, we explore, for the first time, the potential clinical and economic consequences of hemoincompatibility from a value-based healthcare (VBHC) perspective. As the fundamental tenet of VBHC is achieving the best clinical outcomes at the lowest cost, we examine the equation from the individual perspectives of the three key stakeholders of the dialysis care delivery processes: the patient, the provider, and the payer. For the patient, sub-optimal therapy caused by hemoincompatibility results in poor quality of life and various dialysis-associated conditions involving cost-impacting adjustments to lifestyles. For the provider, the decrease in income is attributed to factors such as an increase in workload and use of resources, dissatisfaction of the patient from the services provided, loss of reimbursement and direct revenue, or an increase in doctor–nurse turnover due to the complexity of managing care (nephrology encounters a chronic workforce shortage). The payer and healthcare system incur additional costs, e.g., increased hospitalization rates, including intensive care unit admissions, and increased medications and diagnostics to counteract adverse events and complications. Thus, hemoincompatibility reactions may be relevant from a socioeconomic perspective and may need to be addressed beyond just its clinical relevance to streamline the delivery of HD in terms of payability, future sustainability, and societal repercussions. Strategies to mitigate the economic impact and address the cost-effectiveness of the hemoincompatibility of extracorporeal kidney replacement therapy are proposed to conclude this comprehensive approach. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Chronic Kidney Disease: Clinical Challenges and Management)
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