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Latest Advances in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Demyelinating Diseases
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Latest Advances in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Demyelinating Diseases

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Brain Injury".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 January 2024) | Viewed by 6383

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Aurora Zanghì

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Guest Editor
Department GF Ingrassia, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
Interests: neurologic examination; EEG; neurodegenerative diseases; multiple sclerosis; adult neurology; neurophysiology; neuroprotection; neuroimmunology; neuroinflammation; neurobiology and brain; physiology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Demyelinating disease refers to any condition that causes damage to the protective covering (myelin sheath) that surrounds nerve fibers in the brain, the nerves leading to the eyes (optic nerves), and the spinal cord. When the myelin sheath is damaged, nerve impulses slow or even stop, causing neurological problems.

There is no cure for demyelinating diseases, but disease-modifying therapies can alter disease progression in some patients. Disease-modifying therapies can be used together with symptomatic treatment. The symptoms and progression of demyelinating diseases vary between patients. Early diagnosis and the discussion of treatment options are important.

In this Special Issue, we will focus on the recent progress in the diagnosis and treatment of demyelinating diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS), acute-disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), and acute hemorrhagic leucoencephalitis (AHL). Any original research articles and reviews are welcome.

Dr. Aurora Zanghì
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • multiple sclerosis
  • acute-disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM)
  • acute haemorrhagic leucoencephalitis (AHL)
  • neurodegenerative diseases
  • neuroimmunology
  • neuroinflammation

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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19 pages, 736 KiB  
Review
Personality Traits and Fatigue in Multiple Sclerosis: A Narrative Review
by Alessia Ciancio, Maria Claudia Moretti, Antimo Natale, Alessandro Rodolico, Maria Salvina Signorelli, Antonino Petralia, Mario Altamura, Antonello Bellomo, Aurora Zanghì, Emanuele D’Amico, Carlo Avolio and Carmen Concerto
J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(13), 4518; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12134518 - 6 Jul 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2602
Abstract
(1) Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurodegenerative autoimmune disease. Fatigue is a prevalent and debilitating symptom that significantly impacts the quality of life of these patients. A relationship between personality traits and fatigue in MS has been hypothesized but not clearly [...] Read more.
(1) Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurodegenerative autoimmune disease. Fatigue is a prevalent and debilitating symptom that significantly impacts the quality of life of these patients. A relationship between personality traits and fatigue in MS has been hypothesized but not clearly defined. (2) Methods: A literature search was carried out from databases up to April 2023 for studies correlating personality traits and fatigue in patients suffering from MS. (3) Results: A total of ten articles was included; most of the studies depict a neuroticism–fatigue correlation; however, they were not consistent in terms of the fatigue, personality, and covariate assessments. (4) Conclusions: The clinical and methodological heterogeneity of the included studies prevented us from drawing any firm conclusion on the link between personality traits and fatigue in MS. Several models of personality and different fatigue assessments have been found. Despite this, a common pathway shows that the neuroticism trait or similar personality patterns has a role in fatigue diagnosis. This may be a useful target to improve the quality of life and enhance the modification of the disease treatment results. Further homogeneous and longitudinal studies are needed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Latest Advances in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Demyelinating Diseases)
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8 pages, 1152 KiB  
Case Report
A Case Report of Pediatric Patient with Tuberous Sclerosis and Radiologically Isolated Syndrome
by Giorgia Sforza, Gabriele Monte, Alessandra Voci, Lorenzo Figà Talamanca, Laura Papetti, Michela Ada Noris Ferilli, Martina Proietti Checchi, Massimiliano Valeriani and Romina Moavero
J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(9), 3284; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12093284 - 5 May 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2550
Abstract
Introduction: Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominant neurocutaneous disease with central nervous system (CNS) involvement. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the CNS characterized by symptomatic episodes that occur months or years apart and affect different anatomic [...] Read more.
Introduction: Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominant neurocutaneous disease with central nervous system (CNS) involvement. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the CNS characterized by symptomatic episodes that occur months or years apart and affect different anatomic locations. In the absence of symptomatic episodes, radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS) could be diagnosed. Here, we report the case of a 10-year-old boy followed-up for TSC and diagnosed with RIS after a routine neuroimaging assessment. Case description: The patient was diagnosed with TSC after seizure onset at the age of 4 years. The follow-up magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed multiple asymptomatic demyelinating lesions. Brain and spinal cord MRI was performed after 2 months and showed additional lesions in the right frontal white matter and left cerebral peduncle, the latter with contrast enhancement. Therefore, he received a diagnosis of RIS. Visual evoked potentials were normal. Cerebrospinal fluid examination showed oligoclonal bands. The search for AQP4-IgG and MOG-IgG antibodies was negative. He was treated with interferon beta-1a. Six months later, follow-up MRI revealed no new demyelinating lesions and resolution of contrast enhancement. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the third reported patient presenting a co-occurrence of TSC and demyelinating disease. Although we cannot state if the described comorbidity is casual or not, some clinical and preclinical data suggest that the mTOR complex might be the link between TSC and demyelinating disease. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Latest Advances in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Demyelinating Diseases)
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