Coastal Zone Management

Special Issue Editor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Coastal zones of the world support more than 20% of the total global population and provide a number of ecosystem services. Despite the fact that coastal zones offer various benefits to humans, anthropogenic climate change and rapid population growth are currently exerting tremendous pressure on the coastal landscape. In addition, cyclones, storm surges, sea level rise, salinity intrusion, flooding, and erosion of coastlines are common phenomena that are inhibiting us in achieving coastal sustainability. As projected climate change will invariably put people and properties at risk around coasts, we need improved tools and techniques that can guide professionals and scientists in managing coastal zones effectively, and develop adaptive responses.

This Special Issue invites contributions that deal with physical and human geographic aspects of the coastal zones. They can be based on field observations, modelling, and/or geospatial techniques.

Dr. Ashraf Dewan
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • coastal zone management
  • coastal processes
  • sea level rise
  • coastal hazards
  • land use and land cover change
  • climate change
  • human-environment interaction
  • geospatial techniques
  • adaptive responses

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 2480 KiB  
Article
Mapping of Ecological Vulnerability of Sea-Coastal Zones to Oil Spills: A Preliminary Method Applied to Kola Bay, the Barents Sea
by Anatoly Shavykin and Andrey Karnatov
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2019, 7(7), 216; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse7070216 - 12 Jul 2019
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3615
Abstract
Preparedness for oil spill response is a challenge for many coastal countries. Responders are unable to take effective action unless maps that indicate areas with different vulnerability to oil pollution are available. Such maps, developed in many countries, are usually based on calculations [...] Read more.
Preparedness for oil spill response is a challenge for many coastal countries. Responders are unable to take effective action unless maps that indicate areas with different vulnerability to oil pollution are available. Such maps, developed in many countries, are usually based on calculations with rank (ordinal) values. However, arithmetic operations with them cannot be allowed. The article describes a method of constructing maps using metric values. The calculations take into account the biomass and the quantity of important biota components, especially significant socio-economic objects and protected areas. The biota distribution densities are represented in the identical units. The vulnerability factors are assessed based on the potential impact of spilled oil on biota, as well as its sensitivity and recoverability after disturbance. The proposed method takes into account the different sensitivity of biota inhabiting in the water column and on the sea surface. Oil vulnerability maps for Kola Bay using the proposed algorithm are presented. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Coastal Zone Management)
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15 pages, 2948 KiB  
Article
Marine Coastline Polygonal Ridges and Surface Roughness Development on a Salt-Crusted Playa: Recognition by Structure-from-Motion Photogrammetry
by Yuyang Geng, Yun Shao, Huaze Gong, Brian Brisco, Yang Zhi, Meng Li and Qingbo Liu
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2019, 7(3), 76; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse7030076 - 20 Mar 2019
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3135
Abstract
Salt crust is a normal landform in drying-out salt lake basins or marine regression coastlines, but the surface evolution processes over a decadal or even centenary period are not well understood due to poor data records. Microrelief characteristics control erodibility and erosivity, which [...] Read more.
Salt crust is a normal landform in drying-out salt lake basins or marine regression coastlines, but the surface evolution processes over a decadal or even centenary period are not well understood due to poor data records. Microrelief characteristics control erodibility and erosivity, which will significantly influence wind erosion and dust emission. It is essential to classify the microrelief pattern of salt crust for mapping its spatial distribution and evaluating the environmental process. A desiccated inland tail-end lake would be an example of the coastline surface evolution after regression and represent a good case study of salt crust because of the fewer exogenic process interruptions. For this paper, field work was performed in the Lop Nur playa in China, about 90° E, 40° N, which used to be a salt lake half a century ago. Ground-based photos of the salt crust were acquired and imported into structure-from-motion (SfM) software to produce a fine centimeter-scale digital elevation model (DEM). Two indexes were introduced and extracted from the digital elevation model to classify various types of salt crust: roughness was calculated to evaluate the magnitude and the gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) score was derived to describe the structure pattern of the salt crust. Moreover, in this paper, sedimentary features during different parts of a playa evaporation cycle are reviewed and peculiar kinds of salt crust found on Lop Nur are further discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Coastal Zone Management)
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15 pages, 2173 KiB  
Article
Coastal Climate Adaptation Literatures of the Southeast and Northeast U.S.: Regional Comparisons among States and Document Sources
by Kenyon C. Lindeman, Christos Giannoulis and Bryce R. Beard
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2018, 6(4), 152; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse6040152 - 11 Dec 2018
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3019
Abstract
Challenges remain in optimizing the use of increasingly large inflows of climate adaptation articles and guidance documents to improve coastal science and engineering practices. In addition to four major academic databases, the large grey literature was quantified by analyzing web sources of hundreds [...] Read more.
Challenges remain in optimizing the use of increasingly large inflows of climate adaptation articles and guidance documents to improve coastal science and engineering practices. In addition to four major academic databases, the large grey literature was quantified by analyzing web sources of hundreds of government, nonprofit and university reports not previously included in reviews. Three spatial scales were examined for differences in amount and timing of adaptation documents: (a) between region (southeast and northeast U.S.); (b) among sub-region (Florida and Carolinas; New York/New Jersey and New England); and (c) among states (ten states total). Comparisons were also made across spatial scales for document sources (academic journals, government, non-governmental organizations (NGO), university, mixed sources), including four governance subcategories (federal, state, regional and local). Differences were identified among some spatial scales in academic vs. grey literature and among categories of grey literature. 53% of the literature was from grey sources (21% government, 10% university, 8% nonprofit and 14% mixed sources). This literature can be large and is grounded in applied, experiential knowledge, yet is unavailable in almost all academic databases. These relatively hidden documents provide insight into on-the-ground science and engineering case-histories, policy innovations, and power relationships across scales of geography and governance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Coastal Zone Management)
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24 pages, 7645 KiB  
Article
Impact Assessment of a Major River Basin in Bangladesh on Storm Surge Simulation
by Md. Abdul Al Mohit, Masaru Yamashiro, Noriaki Hashimoto, Md. Bodruddoza Mia, Yoshihiko Ide and Mitsuyoshi Kodama
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2018, 6(3), 99; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse6030099 - 28 Aug 2018
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 5596
Abstract
A two-dimensional bay and river coupled numerical model in Cartesian coordinates was developed to find the impact of the river on the simulated water levels associated with a storm along the coast of Bangladesh. The shallow water models developed for both the bay [...] Read more.
A two-dimensional bay and river coupled numerical model in Cartesian coordinates was developed to find the impact of the river on the simulated water levels associated with a storm along the coast of Bangladesh. The shallow water models developed for both the bay and river were discretized by the finite difference method with forward in time and central in space. The boundaries for the coast and islands were approximated through proper stair steps representation and solved by a conditionally stable semi-implicit manner on a staggered Arakawa C-grid. A one-way nested scheme technique was used in the bay model to include coastal complexities as well as to save computational costs. A stable tidal condition was made by forcing the sea levels with the most energetic tidal constituent, M2, along with the southern open boundary of the bay model omitting wind stress. The developed model was then applied to foresee the sea-surface elevation associated with the catastrophic cyclone of 1991 and cyclone MORA. A comparative study of the water levels associated with a storm was made through model simulations with and without the inclusion of the river system. We found that the surge height in the bay-river junction area decreased by 20% and the surge height reduced by about 3–8% outside the junction area from this study. The obtained results were found to have a satisfactory similarity with some of the observed data. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Coastal Zone Management)
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25 pages, 12901 KiB  
Article
Shoreline Change around a River Delta on the Cox’s Bazar Coast of Bangladesh
by Upal Mahamud and Satoshi Takewaka
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2018, 6(3), 80; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse6030080 - 4 Jul 2018
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 6465
Abstract
A recent erosional problem around a river delta on the Cox’s Bazar coast was analyzed in this study. The coastline extends from south to north. Rapid erosion has affected some portions of a 24-km road along the coast, and local authorities have attempted [...] Read more.
A recent erosional problem around a river delta on the Cox’s Bazar coast was analyzed in this study. The coastline extends from south to north. Rapid erosion has affected some portions of a 24-km road along the coast, and local authorities have attempted to protect the road via revetment. However, the structure was soon buried with sediment because of a growing sand spit along the river delta, and a new area was eroded. Shoreline positions for a 44-year (1972–2016) period were digitized using Landsat images. From the time stack images, we observed a sand spit growing in a northward direction from 2000 to 2015, and the adjacent erosion area extended in the same direction. We employed a numerical model (MIKE21FM SM) for the computation of wave-driven currents and sediment transport along the coast, and attempted to reproduce recent erosional processes. The numerical result shows that net littoral drift is dominant in the northward direction along the coast, which is the same direction of the spit growth observed in the satellite images. A higher amplitude spit induces higher sediment transport compared to a low amplitude spit because of the difference in local incident wave angles resulting in greater positive gradient of the longshore sediment flux distribution, causing erosion in the downcoast. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Coastal Zone Management)
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