Drug-Induced Liver Injury: Recent Advances in the Understanding of Pathophysiology and Progress towards Therapeutics

A special issue of Livers (ISSN 2673-4389).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 July 2021) | Viewed by 5079

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
Interests: drug induced liver injury; acute liver failure; innate immune response; mitochondrial dysfunction; oxidative and nitrosative stress

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Drug-induced liver injury is one of the most common causes of acute liver failure in the Western world, with acetaminophen overdose being the majority of cases. However, liver injury due to herbal and dietary supplements, as well as newer therapies like immune check point inhibitors, are increasingly prevalent. While mechanistic investigations of liver injury caused by these drugs are ongoing, the current antidote for APAP overdose, N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), also has limitations, especially in late presenting patients. This has led to extensive research on alternate therapeutic strategies to complement NAC, with some progress in recent years towards putative candidates. Thus, research into mechanisms of liver injury caused by APAP overdose and other drugs and supplements are areas of intense interest with significant clinical implication. This Special Issue of Livers will cover all aspects of the pathophysiology of drug-induced liver injury and welcomes both original research as well as expert reviews of topical interest on the subject.

Dr. Anup Ramachandran
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Drug-induced liver injury
  • Acetaminophen
  • Mitochondria
  • Idiosyncratic
  • Isoniazid
  • Rifampicin
  • Herbal medicine
  • Dietary supplements
  • Check-point inhibitors
  • Necrosis

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

14 pages, 838 KiB  
Review
Mitochondrial Dynamics in Drug-Induced Liver Injury
by Anup Ramachandran, David S. Umbaugh and Hartmut Jaeschke
Livers 2021, 1(3), 102-115; https://doi.org/10.3390/livers1030010 - 23 Jun 2021
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 4307
Abstract
Mitochondria have been studied for decades from the standpoint of metabolism and ATP generation. However, in recent years mitochondrial dynamics and its influence on bioenergetics and cellular homeostasis is also being appreciated. Mitochondria undergo regular cycles of fusion and fission regulated by various [...] Read more.
Mitochondria have been studied for decades from the standpoint of metabolism and ATP generation. However, in recent years mitochondrial dynamics and its influence on bioenergetics and cellular homeostasis is also being appreciated. Mitochondria undergo regular cycles of fusion and fission regulated by various cues including cellular energy requirements and pathophysiological stimuli, and the network of critical proteins and membrane lipids involved in mitochondrial dynamics is being revealed. Hepatocytes are highly metabolic cells which have abundant mitochondria suggesting a biologically relevant role for mitochondrial dynamics in hepatocyte injury and recovery. Here we review information on molecular mediators of mitochondrial dynamics and their alteration in drug-induced liver injury. Based on current information, it is evident that changes in mitochondrial fusion and fission are hallmarks of liver pathophysiology ranging from acetaminophen-induced or cholestatic liver injury to chronic liver diseases. These alterations in mitochondrial dynamics influence multiple related mitochondrial responses such as mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis, which are important adaptive responses facilitating liver recovery in several contexts, including drug-induced liver injury. The current focus on characterization of molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial dynamics is of immense relevance to liver pathophysiology and have the potential to provide significant insight into mechanisms of liver recovery and regeneration after injury. Full article
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