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Lubricants
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Additive Manufacturing and Nano-Structured Surfaces in Tribology
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Additive Manufacturing and Nano-Structured Surfaces in Tribology

A special issue of Lubricants (ISSN 2075-4442).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 December 2023) | Viewed by 8093

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Danilo D'Andrea

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Engineering, University of Messina, Contrada di Dio (S. Agata), 98166 Messina, Italy
Interests: tribology; wear; microstructure characterization
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Giacomo Risitano

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Engineering, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
Interests: mechanical behavior of materials; mechanical testing; mechanics of materials; thermography; finite element analysis; infrared thermography; fatigue of materials; fatigue and fracture analysis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, additive manufacturing (AM) has gained much attention from researchers and manufacturers as a technique that allows manufacturing components of complex geometry and cutting down the realization time independently of conventional mechanical techniques. Additive manufacturing is playing an increasingly central role in industrial production, particularly in some fields such as automotive, biomedical, aerospace and electronics. However, the main problem of additive manufacturing concerns optimization of the printing process to obtain high-quality component surfaces, thus avoiding problems associated with mechanical, thermal and tribological performance, especially tribo-fatigue, tribo-corrosion and low fatigue life. On the other hand, the use of additive manufacturing allows the structural optimization of the components as well as the realization of nanostructured surfaces that improve the lubrication and therefore the tribological behavior, for example in the prosthetics field or in mechanical couplings.

An aspect of considerable interest is the evaluation of the energy release, through the thermographic method, for the evaluation of the tribological behavior of the materials obtained for AM.

The current Special Issue aims to share, in the same edition, the contributions and the most recent discoveries of the world-leading scientists and researchers working in the fields of tribology and additive manufacturing, with the aim of supporting the development of systems that are more efficient and reliable, which is linked to tribological progress in the fascinating world of printed materials.

Dr. Danilo D'Andrea
Dr. Giacomo Risitano
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Lubricants is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • tribo-fatigue
  • tribo-corrosion
  • wear process in additive manufacturing materials
  • wettability of AM functional structures
  • lubrication in additive manufacturing materials
  • tribological characterization of AM prosthesis
  • optimized textured surfaces
  • thermographic evaluation of wear process
  • friction
  • wear
  • surface roughness

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 4670 KiB  
Article
Simple Laser-Induced Hexagonal Boron Nitride Nanospheres for Enhanced Tribological Performance
by Wei Li, Ting Luo, Changxu Zhu, Dalong Xu, Yifan Dong and Bingqiang Cao
Lubricants 2023, 11(5), 199; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants11050199 - 29 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1794
Abstract
Hexagonal boron nitride, as a layered material with a graphite-like structure, exhibits good mechanical, lubricating and oxidation resistance properties, and is thus expected to become one of the top choices for green lubricating oil additives. However, its poor dispersibility in oil and difficulties [...] Read more.
Hexagonal boron nitride, as a layered material with a graphite-like structure, exhibits good mechanical, lubricating and oxidation resistance properties, and is thus expected to become one of the top choices for green lubricating oil additives. However, its poor dispersibility in oil and difficulties in preparing spherical particles when constructing hexagonal boron nitride limit its application. In this paper, spherical hexagonal boron nitride nanoparticles are constructed via a simple laser irradiation method. Under laser irradiation, raw irregular hexagonal boron nitride particles were reshaped into nanospheres via a laser-induced photothermal process and rapid cooling in a liquid-phase environment. Under the optimal concentration, the coefficient of friction and wear spot diameter decreased by 26.1% and 23.2%, and the surface roughness and wear volume decreased by 29.2% and 23.8%, respectively. The enhanced tribological performance is mainly due to the ball bearing, depositional absorption and repair effect of the spherical particles. This simple laser irradiation method provides a new method by which to prepare spherical hexagonal boron nitride lubricating oil additives. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Additive Manufacturing and Nano-Structured Surfaces in Tribology)
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17 pages, 8950 KiB  
Article
Functionalized Graphene from Electrochemical Exfoliation of Graphite toward Improving Lubrication Function of Base Oil
by Chunfeng Zhang, Xiaojun Zhang, Wei Zhang, Zhuang Zhao and Xiaoqiang Fan
Lubricants 2023, 11(4), 166; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants11040166 - 7 Apr 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2731
Abstract
Electrochemical exfoliation of graphene is an environmentally friendly method, which enables mass production. Herein, three ionic liquids (ILs) with the same imidazole cation were used to exfoliate graphite into functionalized graphene, as a lubricant additive in an acetonitrile solution. Chemical and structural characterization [...] Read more.
Electrochemical exfoliation of graphene is an environmentally friendly method, which enables mass production. Herein, three ionic liquids (ILs) with the same imidazole cation were used to exfoliate graphite into functionalized graphene, as a lubricant additive in an acetonitrile solution. Chemical and structural characterization revealed the relationship between the functionalization density of graphene and the concentration of IL, showing higher concentrations with higher densities. The exfoliated graphene hybrid oil displayed good dispersion because of a high functionalization density. More importantly, the different anions affected the tribological properties of the exfoliated graphene. Among them, the exfoliated graphene with 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([BMIm][PF6]) possessed the best tribological performance, and the average friction coefficient and wear volume were reduced by 32% and 39%, respectively. Through the characterization of worn surfaces and wear debris, the lubrication mechanism and structural evolution of the functionalized graphene were illustrated in detail. The good lubrication function was attributed to the formation of a tribo-film and the disorder transformation of the graphene structure. The simultaneous exfoliation and functionalization of graphene offers a promising advanced lubricant for industrial fabrication. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Additive Manufacturing and Nano-Structured Surfaces in Tribology)
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20 pages, 3381 KiB  
Article
A New Approach for the Tribological and Mechanical Characterization of a Hip Prosthesis Trough a Numerical Model Based on Artificial Intelligence Algorithms and Humanoid Multibody Model
by Dario Milone, Giacomo Risitano, Alessandro Pistone, Davide Crisafulli and Fabio Alberti
Lubricants 2022, 10(7), 160; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants10070160 - 18 Jul 2022
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 2821
Abstract
In recent years, thanks to the development of additive manufacturing techniques, pros-thetic surgery has reached increasingly cutting-edge levels, revolutionizing the clinical course of patients suffering from joint arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, post-traumatic arthrosis, etc. This work aims to evaluate the best materials for prosthetic [...] Read more.
In recent years, thanks to the development of additive manufacturing techniques, pros-thetic surgery has reached increasingly cutting-edge levels, revolutionizing the clinical course of patients suffering from joint arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, post-traumatic arthrosis, etc. This work aims to evaluate the best materials for prosthetic surgery in hip implants from a tribological and mechanical point of view by using a machine-learning algorithm coupling with multi-body modeling and Finite Element Method (FEM) simulations. The innovative aspect is represented by the use of machine learning for the creation of a humanoid model in a multibody software environment that aimed to evaluate the load and rotation condition at the hip joint. After the boundary conditions have been defined, a Finite Element (FE) model of the hip implant has been created. The material properties and the information on the tribological behavior of the material couplings under investigation have been obtained from literature studies. The wear process has been investigated through the implementation of the Archard’s wear law in the FE model. The results of the FE simulation show that the best wear behavior has been obtained by CoCr alloy/UHMWPE coupling with a volume loss due to a wear of 0.004 μm3 at the end of the simulation of ten sitting cycles. After the best pairs in terms of wear has been established, a topology optimization of the whole hip implant structure has been performed. The results show that, after the optimization process, it was possible to reduce implant mass making the implant 28.12% more lightweight with respect to the original one. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Additive Manufacturing and Nano-Structured Surfaces in Tribology)
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