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Metals
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Kinetic Surface Treatments
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Kinetic Surface Treatments

A special issue of Metals (ISSN 2075-4701).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2018) | Viewed by 25330

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Mario Guagliano

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Via La Masa 1, 20156 Milano, Italy
Interests: surface modification techniques aimed at obtaining superior properties; the development of experimental and numerical methodologies for determining the fracture and damage parameters; the application of the acoustic emission technique for damage assessment and monitoring of composite materials
Dr. Sara Bagherifard

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Via La Masa, 1-20156 Milano, Italy
Interests: surface engineering; structural integrity; nanomaterials; biomaterials; bio-interfaces

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues

Processes and treatments able to modify the properties of the free surface of a solid body are gaining ever-increasing attention, both in academia and in the industrial world.

This is due to the importance of the surface in determining the overall properties of manufactured parts, and to the possibility of creating functional and multifunctional surfaces and coatings, through application of adapted surface treatments.

Among the treatments used with this aim, major attention has been devoted, thus far, to thermal-based processes, mainly by the application of thermal coatings and laser technologies. Other classes of surface-modification processes that use the kinetic energy, rather than thermal ones, to induce the expected modification and improvement of surface properties have been, rather, less investigated. These processes are very promising from different points of view; to mention a few, they are less energy demanding, do not have toxic residuals, can be applied to temperature-sensitive materials, and generally promote higher production rates.

In spite of the great potential of these processes, their utilization has been confined to a few industrial fields and applications.

The present Special Issue is focused on these processes, with the ambition to provide an international forum for the dissemination of scientific information and advance the state-of-the-art of different kinetic-based surface treatments, both from a technological point of view and/or in terms of properties of the treated materials, opening an avenue to new possible applications. 

This Special Issue aims to cover the modelling, design and characterization of surfaces and material treated by kinetic surface treatments (including cold spray, severe shot peening, SMAT, surface burnishing, deep rolling and many others) are welcome. In particular, high quality articles addressing technological advancements and new treatments, new fields of applications, application to new materials, advanced characterization methods and review articles are strongly encouraged.

Prof. Dr. Mario Guagliano
Dr. Sara Bagherifard
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Impact treatments
  • Severe plastic deformation
  • Cold spray
  • Shot peening
  • Surface mechanical rolling treatment (SMRT)
  • Surface burnishing
  • Surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT)
  • Multifunctional surfaces
  • Kinetic sprayed coatings
  • Bio-functional surfaces
  • Microstructural characterization
  • Fatigue
  • Wear
  • Corrosion

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 6847 KiB  
Article
Local Monte Carlo Method for Fatigue Analysis of Coarse-Grained Metals with a Nanograined Surface Layer
by Xiang Guo, Qiuqiu Sun, Tao Yang, George J. Weng, Cunbo Zhang and Xiqiao Feng
Metals 2018, 8(7), 479; https://doi.org/10.3390/met8070479 - 22 Jun 2018
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2814
Abstract
The fatigue resistance of coarse-grained (CG) metals can be greatly improved by introducing a nanograined surface layer. In this study, the Weibull distribution is used to characterize the spatially-random fracture properties of specimens under axial fatigue. For the cylindrical solid specimen, the heterogeneity [...] Read more.
The fatigue resistance of coarse-grained (CG) metals can be greatly improved by introducing a nanograined surface layer. In this study, the Weibull distribution is used to characterize the spatially-random fracture properties of specimens under axial fatigue. For the cylindrical solid specimen, the heterogeneity of element sizes may lead to unfavorable size effects in fatigue damage initiation and evolution process. To alleviate the size effects, a three-dimensional cohesive finite element method combined with a local Monte Carlo simulation is proposed to analyze fatigue damage evolution of solid metallic specimens. The numerical results for the fatigue life and end displacement of CG specimens are consistent with the experimental data. It is shown that for the specimens after surface mechanical attrition treatment, damage initiates from the subsurface and then extends to the exterior surface, yielding an improvement in the fatigue life. Good agreement is found between the numerical results for the fatigue life of the specimens with the nanograined layer and experimental data, demonstrating the efficacy and accuracy of the proposed method. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Kinetic Surface Treatments)
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9 pages, 2311 KiB  
Article
An Energetic Approach to Predict the Effect of Shot Peening-Based Surface Treatments
by Ramin Ghelichi, Giorgio Crispiatico, Mario Guagliano and Sara Bagherifard
Metals 2018, 8(3), 190; https://doi.org/10.3390/met8030190 - 17 Mar 2018
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 5082
Abstract
Almen intensity and surface coverage are well-known to be the defining parameters of shot peening-based surface treatments. These parameters are directly affected by material properties, the extension of the contact zone, the geometry of the impact pair, as well as the impact rate [...] Read more.
Almen intensity and surface coverage are well-known to be the defining parameters of shot peening-based surface treatments. These parameters are directly affected by material properties, the extension of the contact zone, the geometry of the impact pair, as well as the impact rate and velocity. Such intricate relationships have resulted in often dissimilar predictions of shot peening effects even while using an identical combination of Almen intensity and surface coverage. With the fast pace introduction of new generation impact-based surface treatments, there is a need to find a more widespread parameter that would facilitate the direct comparison of all different treatments and relate the main process parameters to the resultant mechanical characteristics. Herein, we propose to use an energy-based parameter to describe the peening process in a more widespread approach, which collectively incorporates the effects of the Almen intensity and surface coverage, as well as the diameter, material, and velocity of the impact media. A set of finite element analyses was developed to demonstrate the correlation of the peening process effects with this energetic approach. Comparisons with the experimental data served as proof of concept, confirming that the proposed method could provide a quite good estimation of the effect of peening parameters on the treated material. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Kinetic Surface Treatments)
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11 pages, 4483 KiB  
Article
A Study on the Microstructural Evolution of a Low Alloy Steel by Different Shot Peening Treatments
by Juan González, Luis-Borja Peral, Chiara Colombo and Ines Fernández Pariente
Metals 2018, 8(3), 187; https://doi.org/10.3390/met8030187 - 15 Mar 2018
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 5218
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that severe shot peening can be categorized as a severe plastic deformation surface treatment that is able to strongly modify the microstructure of the surface layer of materials, by both increasing the dislocation density and introducing a large number [...] Read more.
Recent studies have shown that severe shot peening can be categorized as a severe plastic deformation surface treatment that is able to strongly modify the microstructure of the surface layer of materials, by both increasing the dislocation density and introducing a large number of defects that define new grain boundaries and form ultrafine structure. In this work, conventional shot peening and severe shot peening treatments were applied to 39NiCrMo3 steel samples. The samples were characterized in terms of microstructure, surface roughness, microhardness, residual stresses, and surface work-hardening as a function of surface coverage. Particular attention was focused on the analysis of the microstructure to assess the evolution of grain size from the surface to the inner material to capture the gradient microstructure. Severe shot peening proved to cause a more remarkable improvement of the general mechanical characteristics compared to conventional shot peening; more significant improvement was associated with the microstructural alteration induced by the treatment. Our datas provide a detailed verification of the relationship between shot peening treatment parameters and the microstructure evolution from the treated surface to the core material. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Kinetic Surface Treatments)
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20 pages, 31693 KiB  
Article
Study of Relation between Shot Peening Parameters and Fatigue Fracture Surface Character of an AW 7075 Aluminium Alloy
by Libor Trško, Stanislava Fintová, František Nový, Otakar Bokůvka, Michal Jambor, Filip Pastorek, Zuzana Florková and Monika Oravcová
Metals 2018, 8(2), 111; https://doi.org/10.3390/met8020111 - 6 Feb 2018
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 6718
Abstract
Shot peening is a well-known surface treatment method used for fatigue life improvement of cyclically loaded structural components. Since three main variables are considered in the peening process (peening intensity, coverage and peening media type), there is no direct way to choose the [...] Read more.
Shot peening is a well-known surface treatment method used for fatigue life improvement of cyclically loaded structural components. Since three main variables are considered in the peening process (peening intensity, coverage and peening media type), there is no direct way to choose the best combination of treatment parameters for the best performance, thus it has to be based on experience and laboratory tests. When shot peening is performed with inadequate parameters, or the peening process is not stable in time (decrease of the peening pressure, deterioration of the peening media and so on), it can result in significant degradation of the treated component fatigue properties, what is commonly called as the “overpeening” effect. When a premature fatigue fracture occurs in operation, the fracture surface analysis is usually the most important method of revealing the damage mechanism. This work is aimed at the study of the relation between the shot peening parameters and the fatigue fracture surface character on an AW 7075 aluminium alloy with an objective of identifying marks of overpeening and investigating the fatigue crack initiation mechanism. After performing the tests, it was observed that shot peening with optimized parameters creates a surface layer that is able to change the mechanism of the fatigue crack propagation and improve fatigue strength. On the other hand, using extensive peening parameters decrease the fatigue strength due to the creation of surface cracks and surface layer delamination. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Kinetic Surface Treatments)
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10642 KiB  
Article
Dry Sliding Tribological Behavior of TC11 Titanium Alloy Subjected to the Ultrasonic Impacting and Rolling Process
by Xiaohui Zhao, Guilian Xue and Yu Liu
Metals 2018, 8(1), 13; https://doi.org/10.3390/met8010013 - 29 Dec 2017
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3826
Abstract
The dry sliding friction and wear behaviors of TC11 titanium alloy subjected to the ultrasonic impacting and rolling process (UIRP) were studied in the present work. The microstructure of the deformation layer and the morphology of the worn surfaces were observed. The results [...] Read more.
The dry sliding friction and wear behaviors of TC11 titanium alloy subjected to the ultrasonic impacting and rolling process (UIRP) were studied in the present work. The microstructure of the deformation layer and the morphology of the worn surfaces were observed. The results clearly show that the wear performance of TC11 alloy after UIRP is better than that of TC11 alloy before UIRP under the same testing conditions. This can be attributed to the gradient nanostructure, work hardening, and low surface roughness of the treated surface layer. For the untreated samples, wear resistance first decreases and then increases with the increase of the sliding speed. Both the friction coefficient (FC) and wear rate reach a maximum value at a sliding speed of 478 r/min, and the corresponding worn surface is the most serious. While for UIRP treated samples, better friction and wear behaviors are obtained at a sliding speed of 478 r/min. This is because the deformation layer plays a protective role against wear. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Kinetic Surface Treatments)
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