Superalloy—Microstructural Characterization of Ni-Based Superalloys

A special issue of Metals (ISSN 2075-4701).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2022) | Viewed by 3542

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Materials MicroÅnalysis Group, Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
Interests: Ni-based alloys; austenitic and ferritic steel; light alloys (e.g., aluminum alloys and magnesium alloys); catalysts; extreme environments; scanning transmission electron microscopy; in situ S/TEM

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As the Guest Editor for Metals, I am pleased to announce, a Special Issue focusing on the application of state-of-the-art microstructural characterization of Ni-based superalloys. To meet the demand for new or enhanced high-temperature structural materials that operate at higher temperatures and pressures with improved efficiency, Ni-based superalloys are superior candidates. Their development began over 80 years ago and was mainly driven by various parts in gas turbines used in aerospace, marine propulsion, gas/oil industry, and electricity generation. Ni-based superalloys are known to exhibit a good balance of mechanical properties (strength, fatigue, creep resistance) and high-temperature oxidation resistance due to their excellent long-term microstructural stability at high temperatures. Coincident with alloy development there is a need to develop and apply state-of-the-art characterization techniques aimed at characterizing the microstructure at length scales down to the atomic level, so that correlations between the microstructure, mechanical properties, oxidation behavior, and performance can be determined. We can directly study the effect of increasing Ni3(Al,Ti) (γ') volume fractions, γ' solution temperature, effect of solid solution strengthening elements on g/γ' lattice parameter mismatch, effect of other elemental additions or rare earth metals on the interfaces and deformation mechanisms during deformation at high temperatures. Further, advanced microstructural characterization allows for site-specific studies of interphases formed during rejuvenation, advanced joining, or fabrication (additive manufacturing, casting, forging, or heat treatments).

Papers may present experimental or theoretical studies and should focus on materials microstructural evolution under high temperature and/or pressure exposure with a focus on interfaces, deformation mechanisms, alloying segregations, void formations, crack penetration, detrimental phase formation, carbide evolution, and so on. Contributions on the effect of joining/processing technics and microstructural simulation of Ni-based alloys under extreme conditions are also welcome. All submitted contributions are subject to a strict peer review process and the decision for publication is always based on the recommendations of independent experts.

Dr. Kinga A Unocic
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Ni-based Superalloys
  • γ′ particles
  • grain boundaries
  • partitioning of solid solution elements
  • carbides

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

16 pages, 12773 KiB  
Article
Study of the Printability, Microstructures, and Mechanical Performances of Laser Powder Bed Fusion Built Haynes 230
by Ziheng Wu, Srujana Rao Yarasi, Junwon Seo, Nicholas Lamprinakos and Anthony D. Rollett
Metals 2022, 12(8), 1380; https://doi.org/10.3390/met12081380 - 19 Aug 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2829
Abstract
The nickel-based superalloy, Haynes 230 (H230), is widely used in high-temperature applications, e.g., heat exchangers, because of its excellent high-temperature mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. As of today, H230 is not yet in common use for 3D printing, i.e., metal additive manufacturing (AM), [...] Read more.
The nickel-based superalloy, Haynes 230 (H230), is widely used in high-temperature applications, e.g., heat exchangers, because of its excellent high-temperature mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. As of today, H230 is not yet in common use for 3D printing, i.e., metal additive manufacturing (AM), primarily because of its hot cracking tendency under fast solidification. The ability to additively fabricate components in H230 attracts many applications that require the additional advantages leveraged by adopting AM, e.g., higher design complexity and faster prototyping. In this study, we fabricated nearly fully dense H230 in a laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) process through parameter optimization. The efforts revealed the optimal process space which could guide future fabrication of H230 in various metal powder bed fusion processes. The metallurgical analysis identified the cracking problem, which was resolved by increasing the pre-heat temperature from 80 °C to 200 °C. A finite element simulation suggested that the pre-heat temperature has limited impacts on the maximum stress experienced by each location during solidification. Additionally, the crack morphology and the microstructural features imply that solidification and liquation cracking are the more probable mechanisms. Both the room temperature tensile test and the creep tests under two conditions, (a) 760 °C and 100 MPa and (b) 816 °C and 121 MPa, confirmed that the AM H230 has properties comparable to its wrought counterpart. The fractography showed that the heat treatment (anneal at 1200 °C for 2 h, followed by water quench) balances the strength and the ductility, while the printing defects did not appreciably accelerate part failure. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Superalloy—Microstructural Characterization of Ni-Based Superalloys)
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