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Ultrafine Grained Metallic Materials Processed by Severe Plastic Deformation (SPD)...
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Ultrafine Grained Metallic Materials Processed by Severe Plastic Deformation (SPD) Processing

A special issue of Metals (ISSN 2075-4701). This special issue belongs to the section "Metal Casting, Forming and Heat Treatment".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2021) | Viewed by 8504

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Nong Gao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Materials Research Group, Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
Interests: microstructure; mechanical property; fatigue, tribology; corrosion; 3D printing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Shahir Yusuf

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Engineering Materials and Structures (eMast) iKohza, Mechanical Precision Engineering Department, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) Kuala Lumpur, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, Kuala Lumpur 54100, Malaysia
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Severe plastic deformation (SPD) processing has been established as one of the most prominent techniques to produce ultrafine-grained (UFG) and nano-grained (NG) metallic materials. These two classes of materials have attracted widespread interest in both academia and industries due to their enhanced properties that promise significant potential for various applications compared to conventional coarse-grained (CG) materials. UFG and NG materials attained through SPD processing typically exhibit superior strength, improved corrosion and wear performance, and superplasticity at room temperature. These are often attributed to the extreme grain refinement down to the sub-micron and/or nano-regime and other associated extremely fine microstructural features. Despite the considerable progress in producing UFG and NG materials and understanding their behaviour in the past few decades, there are a number of key areas that are still not well understood. Therefore, continuous research is still needed to further understand the underlying mechanisms governing the complex process–structure–property relationship of SPD-processed UFG and NG metallic materials. This Special Issue will cover a wide scope of research on all aspects of SPD including processing, microstructures and properties. We would like to invite contributions on, but not limited to, the following topics:

  • Recent developments in SPD techniques;
  • SPD processing of multiple metallic materials;
  • Combination of SPD processing with other manufacturing processes, e.g., additive manufacturing or subtractive manufacturing;
  • Process–microstructure–property relationship of SPD-processed metallic materials;
  • Advanced characterisation techniques for UFG and/or NG materials attained by SPD processing;
  • Underlying mechanisms and principles of deformation and strengthening of SPD-processed metallic materials;
  • Strategies for optimising strength and ductility in SPD-processed metallic materials;
  • Testing of properties attained in SPD-processed metallic materials, e.g., tensile strength, ductility, superplasticity, corrosion, wear performance;
  • Computational/analytical modelling and simulation of SPD processes;
  • Prediction of microstructural evolution in SPD-processed metallic materials through computational modelling and simulation;
  • Literature review on SPD-related topics.

Dr. Nong Gao
Dr. Shahir Yusuf
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • ultrafine-grained materials
  • nanostructured materials
  • severe plastic deformation
  • hybrid manufacturing
  • process–microstructure–property relationship
  • heat treatment
  • microstructural characterisation
  • materials testing
  • modelling and simulation

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 11994 KiB  
Article
Microstructure and Texture Evolution during Severe Plastic Deformation at Cryogenic Temperatures in an Al-0.1Mg Alloy
by Yan Huang and Jun Jiang
Metals 2021, 11(11), 1822; https://doi.org/10.3390/met11111822 - 13 Nov 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2177
Abstract
The deformation structures formed in an Al-0.1Mg single-phase aluminium alloy have been studied during plane strain compression (PSC) down to liquid nitrogen temperature, following prior equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE) to a strain of ten. Under constant deformation conditions a steady state was [...] Read more.
The deformation structures formed in an Al-0.1Mg single-phase aluminium alloy have been studied during plane strain compression (PSC) down to liquid nitrogen temperature, following prior equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE) to a strain of ten. Under constant deformation conditions a steady state was approached irrespective of the temperature, where the rate of grain refinement stagnated and a minimum grain size was reached which could not be further reduced. A 98% reduction at 77 K (−196 °C) only transformed the ECAE processed submicron grain structure into a microstructure with thin ribbon grains, where a nanoscale high angle boundary (HAB) spacing was only approached in the sheet normal direction. It is shown that the minimum grain size achievable in severe deformation processing is controlled by a balance between the rate of compression of the HAB structure and dynamic recovery. The required boundary migration rate to maintain a constant boundary spacing is found far higher than can be justified from conventional diffusion-controlled grain growth and at low temperatures, a constant boundary spacing can only be maintained by invoking an athermal mechanism and is considered to be dominated by the operation of grain boundary dislocations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ultrafine Grained Metallic Materials Processed by Severe Plastic Deformation (SPD) Processing)
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12 pages, 3723 KiB  
Article
Influence of High-Pressure Torsion on the Microstructure and Microhardness of Additively Manufactured 316L Stainless Steel
by Shahir Mohd Yusuf, Ying Chen and Nong Gao
Metals 2021, 11(10), 1553; https://doi.org/10.3390/met11101553 - 29 Sep 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2478
Abstract
High-pressure torsion (HPT) is known as an effective severe plastic deformation (SPD) technique to produce bulk ultrafine-grained (UFG) metals and alloys by the application of combined compressive force and torsional shear strains on thin disk samples. In this study, the microstructures and microhardness [...] Read more.
High-pressure torsion (HPT) is known as an effective severe plastic deformation (SPD) technique to produce bulk ultrafine-grained (UFG) metals and alloys by the application of combined compressive force and torsional shear strains on thin disk samples. In this study, the microstructures and microhardness evolution of an additively manufactured (AM) 316L stainless steel (316L SS) processed through 5 HPT revolutions are evaluated at the central disk area, where the effective shear strains are relatively low compared to the peripheral regions. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis showed that the cellular network sub-structures in AM 316L SS were destroyed after 5 HPT revolutions. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations revealed non-equilibrium ultrafine grained (UFG) microstructures (average grain size: ~115 nm) after 5 revolutions. Furthermore, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis suggested that spherical Cr-based nano-silicates are also found in the as-received condition, which are retained even after HPT processing. Vickers microhardness (HV) measurements indicated significant increase in average hardness values from ~220 HV before HPT processing to ~560 HV after 5 revolutions. Quantitative X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns exhibit a considerable increase in dislocation density from ~0.7 × 1013 m−2 to ~1.04 × 1015 m−2. The super-high average hardness increment after 5 HPT revolutions is predicted to be attributed to the UFG grain refinement, significant increase in dislocation densities and the presence of the Cr-based nano-silicates, according to the model established based on the linear additive theory. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ultrafine Grained Metallic Materials Processed by Severe Plastic Deformation (SPD) Processing)
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20 pages, 11782 KiB  
Article
Grain Structure Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Multi-Channel Spiral Twist Extruded AA5083
by Dina M. Fouad, Waleed H. El-Garaihy, Mohamed M. Z. Ahmed, Ibrahim Albaijan, Mohamed M. El-Sayed Seleman and Hanadi G. Salem
Metals 2021, 11(8), 1276; https://doi.org/10.3390/met11081276 - 12 Aug 2021
Cited by 25 | Viewed by 2873
Abstract
This study presents a comprehensive evaluation of the effects of multi-channel spiral twist extrusion (MCSTE) processing on the mechanical properties and structural evolution of AA5083. The structural evolution and texture developed were mapped by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) for three successive passes and [...] Read more.
This study presents a comprehensive evaluation of the effects of multi-channel spiral twist extrusion (MCSTE) processing on the mechanical properties and structural evolution of AA5083. The structural evolution and texture developed were mapped by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) for three successive passes and compared with an as-annealed plate. An evaluation of the hardness and tensile properties was presented and correlated with the EBSD findings. The displayed EBSD results revealed that grain refinement was strongly associated with the presence of a high density of low-angle grain boundaries (LAGBs) after one pass, which developed into fine grains of less than 20 μm and high-angle grain boundaries (HAGBs) after three MCSTE passes. The three pass processing led to a 65% reduction in grain size. This reduction in grain size was coupled with an enhancement in the hardness and tensile properties. Additionally, the crystallographic texture study represented a slightly random texture due to the presence of intermetallic particles in AA5083. This study demonstrates the efficacy of MCSTE as a grain refinement tool. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ultrafine Grained Metallic Materials Processed by Severe Plastic Deformation (SPD) Processing)
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