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Metals
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Explosive Welding
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Explosive Welding

A special issue of Metals (ISSN 2075-4701).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2019) | Viewed by 16578

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Dariusz Rozumek

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
Department of Mechanics and Machine Design, Opole University of Technology, Mikolajczyka 5, 45-271 Opole, Poland
Interests: fracture mechanics; fatigue; failure analysis; metallography; welding; fatigue crack growth; fatigue life
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The clads obtained by the method of explosive welding are composed of two or more different metals permanently joined with the use of energy of detonation of the explosive material. They are usually materials that cannot be joined with traditional methods of welding. Obtaining such a connection requires very careful selection of parameters of explosive welding, i.e., detonation velocity and the distance between the joined plates. Explosive welding allows one to obtain the required properties, such as corrosion resistance, increased hardness, resistance to high temperatures, suitable frictional properties, or special electrical properties. Application of explosive welding technologies allows one to reduce material costs.

The aim of this Special Issue is to gather the most recent research advancements in the field of explosive welding. Static and cyclic analyses (initiation and fatigue crack growth) in metallic cladding joints are of primary interest. The submitted works will show how microstructure, heat treatment, and other factors affect the test results.

Prof. Dr. Dariusz Rozumek
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • metals
  • welding
  • joint
  • interface
  • metallography
  • heat treatment
  • fatigue life
  • fatigue crack growth
  • fracture
  • corrosion

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 4782 KiB  
Article
The Analytical Model of Stress Zone Formation of Ti6Al4V/AA1050/AA2519 Laminate Produced by Explosive Bonding
by Ireneusz Szachogluchowicz, Lucjan Sniezek, Krzysztof Grzelak, Heorhiy Sulym, Ihor Turchyn and Iaroslav Pasternak
Metals 2019, 9(7), 779; https://doi.org/10.3390/met9070779 - 12 Jul 2019
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2694
Abstract
This paper contains an analytical description of the deformation of the upper layer AA2519/AA1050/Ti6Al4V laminate produced by an explosive bonding method. The basic parameters of the explosive welding process that influence the quality of the bonding are the detonation velocity of the explosive, [...] Read more.
This paper contains an analytical description of the deformation of the upper layer AA2519/AA1050/Ti6Al4V laminate produced by an explosive bonding method. The basic parameters of the explosive welding process that influence the quality of the bonding are the detonation velocity of the explosive, the explosion energy, and the impact angle of the combined materials. The developed description uses the theory of elastodynamic character of materials deformation at the connection point due to local traction load. The presence of high pressure during joining was limited to the region where the plane surface moving with a constant subsonic velocity. An analytical description of the residual stresses distribution was also a performer. Results of analytical investigations were verified by structure examination of the bond zone. The work was supplemented by the chemical composition analysis of the base materials and a monotonic stretching test characterizing the basic mechanical properties of the produced laminate. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Explosive Welding)
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11 pages, 35646 KiB  
Article
The Influence of Heat Treatment Parameters on the Cracks Growth under Cyclic Bending in St-Ti Clad Obtained by Explosive Welding
by Dariusz Rozumek and Grzegorz Kwiatkowski
Metals 2019, 9(3), 338; https://doi.org/10.3390/met9030338 - 17 Mar 2019
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 2959
Abstract
The current work focuses on the effect of time and temperature of annealing on the change in the structure and cracks growth and fatigue life of the steel-titanium bimetal obtained by explosive welding. Cyclic bending tests were performed for different levels of annealing [...] Read more.
The current work focuses on the effect of time and temperature of annealing on the change in the structure and cracks growth and fatigue life of the steel-titanium bimetal obtained by explosive welding. Cyclic bending tests were performed for different levels of annealing temperature on bimetal specimens of a rectangular cross-section. The fatigue crack growth was measured by microscopy. Structure changes of steel, titanium and bond area resulted in a different micro-hardness distribution. The relationship between the level of the annealing temperature, the propagation of fatigue cracks, structure changes and micro-hardness level is analyzed. The heat treatment of the bimetal at the temperature of 500 °C does not result in considerable changes in the structure of steel and titanium. The diffusion of carbon to titanium was observed. A higher annealing temperature results in a lower fatigue life. Also, for a given annealing temperature, a longer annealing time results in a higher fatigue life. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Explosive Welding)
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16 pages, 8919 KiB  
Article
The Influence of the Post-Weld Heat Treatment on the Microstructure of Inconel 625/Carbon Steel Bimetal Joint Obtained by Explosive Welding
by Robert Kosturek, Marcin Wachowski, Lucjan Śnieżek and Michał Gloc
Metals 2019, 9(2), 246; https://doi.org/10.3390/met9020246 - 19 Feb 2019
Cited by 24 | Viewed by 5766
Abstract
Inconel 625 and steel P355NH were bonded by explosive welding in this study. Explosively welded bimetal clad-plate was subjected to the two separated post-weld heat treatment processes: stress relief annealing (at 620 °C for 90 min) and normalizing (at 910 °C for 30 [...] Read more.
Inconel 625 and steel P355NH were bonded by explosive welding in this study. Explosively welded bimetal clad-plate was subjected to the two separated post-weld heat treatment processes: stress relief annealing (at 620 °C for 90 min) and normalizing (at 910 °C for 30 min). Effect of heat treatments on the microstructure of the joint has been evaluated using light and scanning electron microscopy, EDS analysis techniques, and microhardness tests, respectively. It has been stated that stress relief annealing leads to partial recrystallization of steel P355NH microstructure in the joint zone. At the same time, normalizing caused not only the recrystallization of both materials, but also the formation of a diffusion zone and precipitates in Inconel 625. The precipitates in Inconel 625 have been identified as two types of carbides: chromium-rich M23C6 and molybdenum-rich M6C. It has been reported that diffusion of alloying elements into steel P355NH takes place along grain boundaries with additional formation of voids. Scanning transmission electron microscope observation of the grain microstructure in the diffusion zone shows that this area consists of equiaxed grains (at the side of Inconel 625 alloy) and columnar grains (at the side of steel P355NH). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Explosive Welding)
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Graphical abstract

12 pages, 5135 KiB  
Article
Influence of Explosive Ratio on Morphological and Structural Properties of Ti/Al Clads
by Zhonghang Fang, Changgen Shi, Hesheng Shi and Zerui Sun
Metals 2019, 9(2), 119; https://doi.org/10.3390/met9020119 - 24 Jan 2019
Cited by 24 | Viewed by 3302
Abstract
The current work focuses on the effect of explosive ratio R on the comprehensive properties of Ti/Al clads manufactured via explosive welding. The lower and upper limits of explosive ratio, namely R1 and R2, were determined according to the R–δ [...] Read more.
The current work focuses on the effect of explosive ratio R on the comprehensive properties of Ti/Al clads manufactured via explosive welding. The lower and upper limits of explosive ratio, namely R1 and R2, were determined according to the R–δf (flyer plate thickness) welding window. Two TA2/1060 explosive cladding plates were successfully manufactured at the different explosive ratios. Microstructure investigation was conducted by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The small wave bonding interface was observed at R1, where the vortex structure containing the ingot structure appeared periodically. The bonding interface presented a big wave bonding morphology and a locally continuous melting layer at R2. Many prolonged grains and adiabatic shear bands (ASBs) were found near the interface for a greater explosive load. Intermetallic compounds were formed in the bonding zones of the two plates. The thickness of element diffusion area increased with an increasing explosive ratio. Comparative tests of mechanical properties indicated that the tensile shear strength at R1 was higher. The microhardness, tensile strength, and bending performance of the two plates are similar and acceptable. Tensile fracture analysis indicated the fracture mode at R1 was ductile fracture, while the explosive cladding plate at R2 had mainly ductile fracture with quasi-cleavage fracture as the supplement. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Explosive Welding)
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