Photoacoustic-Based Sensing Systems: Advances, Applications, and Innovative Measurement Strategies

A special issue of Micromachines (ISSN 2072-666X). This special issue belongs to the section "E:Engineering and Technology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2024) | Viewed by 11847

Special Issue Editors


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Institute of Sensor and Actuator Technology, Department of Applied Science, Coburg University, 96450 Coburg, Germany
Interests: acoustic sensors; optic sensors; simulation; microfluidics
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Department of Information Engineering and Mathematics, Università degli Studi di Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
Interests: physical sensors; chemical sensors; gas sensors; measurement systems
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Photoacoustic sensing has emerged as a powerful technique for imaging and sensing, with applications ranging from medical diagnostics, to environmental monitoring, to industrial quality control, to name only a few. Recent advancements in light sources, such as quantum cascade lasers and tunable microstructure light sources, coupled with breakthroughs in microphones (MEMS), have significantly elevated the capabilities of photoacoustic sensing, promoting novel opportunities and applications. These improvements, particularly in microsystems, offer new avenues for miniaturization and enhanced measurement strategies. Additionally, the integration of innovative photoacoustic cell structures further enhances the performance of these sensing solutions.

This Special Issue aims to explore the synergy between systems and microsystems, novel light sources, innovative sensors, photoacoustic cell design, advanced microphones, and innovative measurement strategies in the realm of photoacoustic sensing.

Scope and Topics

This Special Issue welcomes contributions that address various aspects of research and development related to photoacoustic-based sensing. The scope of this Special Issue includes, but is not limited to, the following:

Prof. Dr. Klaus Stefan Drese
Dr. Enza Panzardi
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • photoacoustic sensing mechanism
  • microsystem design and fabrication
  • novel measurement approaches
  • integrated photonics for photoacoustic sensing
  • materials and transducer technologies
  • signal processing and data analysis
  • applications and case studies

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 7528 KiB  
Article
Fine-Tuning of Optical Resonance Wavelength of Surface-Micromachined Optical Ultrasound Transducer Arrays for Single-Wavelength Light Source Readout
by Zhiyu Yan, Cheng Fang and Jun Zou
Micromachines 2024, 15(9), 1111; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi15091111 - 31 Aug 2024
Viewed by 1138
Abstract
This article reports the fine-tuning of the optical resonance wavelength (ORW) of surface-micromachined optical ultrasound transducer (SMOUT) arrays to enable ultrasound data readout with non-tunable interrogation light sources for photoacoustic computed tomography (PACT). Permanent ORW tuning is achieved by material deposition onto or [...] Read more.
This article reports the fine-tuning of the optical resonance wavelength (ORW) of surface-micromachined optical ultrasound transducer (SMOUT) arrays to enable ultrasound data readout with non-tunable interrogation light sources for photoacoustic computed tomography (PACT). Permanent ORW tuning is achieved by material deposition onto or subtraction from the top diaphragm of each element with sub-nanometer resolution. For demonstration, a SMOUT array is first fabricated, and its ORW is tuned for readout with an 808 nm laser diode (LD). Experiments are conducted to characterize the optical and acoustic performances of the elements within the center region of the SMOUT array. Two-dimensional and three-dimensional PACT (photoacoustic computed tomography) is also performed to evaluate the imaging performance of the ORW-tuned SMOUT array. The results show that the ORW tuning does not degrade the optical, acoustic, and overall imaging performances of the SMOUT elements. As a result, the fine-tuning method enables new SMOUT-based PACT systems that are low cost, compact, powerful, and even higher speed, with parallel readout capability. Full article
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Review

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29 pages, 10952 KiB  
Review
Resolution Enhancement Strategies in Photoacoustic Microscopy: A Comprehensive Review
by Jinying Zhang, Yifan Shi, Yexiaotong Zhang, Haoran Liu, Shihao Li and Linglu Liu
Micromachines 2024, 15(12), 1463; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi15121463 - 30 Nov 2024
Viewed by 3994
Abstract
Photoacoustic imaging has emerged as a promising modality for medical imaging since its introduction. Photoacoustic microscopy (PAM), which is based on the photoacoustic effect, combines the advantages of both optical and acoustic imaging modalities. PAM facilitates high-sensitivity, high-resolution, non-contact, and non-invasive imaging by [...] Read more.
Photoacoustic imaging has emerged as a promising modality for medical imaging since its introduction. Photoacoustic microscopy (PAM), which is based on the photoacoustic effect, combines the advantages of both optical and acoustic imaging modalities. PAM facilitates high-sensitivity, high-resolution, non-contact, and non-invasive imaging by employing optical absorption as its primary contrast mechanism. The ability of PAM to specifically image parameters such as blood oxygenation and melanin content makes it a valuable addition to the suite of modern biomedical imaging techniques. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the diverse technical approaches and methods employed by researchers to enhance the resolution of photoacoustic microscopy. Firstly, the fundamental principles of the photoacoustic effect and photoacoustic imaging will be presented. Subsequently, resolution enhancement methods for both acoustic-resolution photoacoustic microscopy (AR-PAM) and optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy (OR-PAM) will be discussed independently. Finally, the aforementioned resolution enhancement methods for photoacoustic microscopy will be critically evaluated, and the current challenges and future prospects of this technology will be summarized. Full article
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27 pages, 9153 KiB  
Review
Recent Advances in Photoacoustic Imaging: Current Status and Future Perspectives
by Huibin Liu, Xiangyu Teng, Shuxuan Yu, Wenguang Yang, Tiantian Kong and Tangying Liu
Micromachines 2024, 15(8), 1007; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi15081007 - 4 Aug 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3543
Abstract
Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is an emerging hybrid imaging modality that combines high-contrast optical imaging with high-spatial-resolution ultrasound imaging. PAI can provide a high spatial resolution and significant imaging depth by utilizing the distinctive spectroscopic characteristics of tissue, which gives it a wide variety [...] Read more.
Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is an emerging hybrid imaging modality that combines high-contrast optical imaging with high-spatial-resolution ultrasound imaging. PAI can provide a high spatial resolution and significant imaging depth by utilizing the distinctive spectroscopic characteristics of tissue, which gives it a wide variety of applications in biomedicine and preclinical research. In addition, it is non-ionizing and non-invasive, and photoacoustic (PA) signals are generated by a short-pulse laser under thermal expansion. In this study, we describe the basic principles of PAI, recent advances in research in human and animal tissues, and future perspectives. Full article
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