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Micromachines
Special Issues
Gas Sensors: From Fundamental Research to Applications
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Gas Sensors: From Fundamental Research to Applications

A special issue of Micromachines (ISSN 2072-666X). This special issue belongs to the section "C：Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 March 2025 | Viewed by 1677

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Pengfei Cheng

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Aerospace Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an 710126, China
Interests: gas micro-nano sensors; semiconductor oxide gas sensors, health monitoring; atmospheric monitoring; portable devices; IoT applications

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Gas sensors are devices that can detect the composition of gases in the air, and are widely used in fields such as environmental monitoring, safety monitoring, healthcare and industrial control.

Gas sensors work on a variety of principles, and some of the most common include electrochemical, semiconductor and infrared sensors. Electrochemical sensors use the principle of electrochemical reaction to react gas with electrodes to generate current signals. Semiconductor sensors detect fluctuations in the conductivity of a semiconductor with changing gas concentration. Infrared sensors, on the other hand, determine the gas concentration by measuring the infrared radiation generated by the vibration of gas molecules.

Gas sensors have high sensitivity and accuracy and are capable of detecting very low concentrations of gases. Moreover, gas sensors have a fast response time and can monitor changes in gas concentration in real time. In addition, gas sensors have good selectivity and stability, enabling the accurate detection of specific gases in complex environments.

However, gas sensors have some limitations. For example, they are susceptible to environmental factors such as temperature and humidity and may exhibit cross-talk for certain gases, resulting in inaccurate detection results.

In conclusion, gas sensors are important and practical detection devices which can help us better understand and control the gas composition in the air, protect human health and safety and improve industrial production. With the development of science and technology, the performance of gas sensors in terms of factors such as sensitivity, accuracy and response speed will continue to improve and their field of application will continue to expand.

We look forward to receiving your submissions.

Dr. Pengfei Cheng
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Micromachines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • gas sensors
  • MEMS sensor arrays
  • gas sensors device applications
  • electronic nose system
  • micro- and nano-preparation
  • micro-control
  • semiconductor crystal structure

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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15 pages, 9589 KiB  
Article
First-Principles Insights into Highly Sensitive and Reusable MoS2 Monolayers for Heavy Metal Detection
by Jiayin Wu, Zongbao Li, Tongle Liang, Qiuyan Mo, Jingting Wei, Bin Li and Xiaobo Xing
Micromachines 2024, 15(8), 978; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi15080978 - 30 Jul 2024
Viewed by 658
Abstract
This study explores the potential of MoS2 monolayers as heavy metal sensors for As, Cd, Hg, and Pb using density functional theory (DFT) and Non-Equilibrium Green’s Function (NEGF) simulations. Our findings reveal that As and Pb adsorption significantly alters the surface structure [...] Read more.
This study explores the potential of MoS2 monolayers as heavy metal sensors for As, Cd, Hg, and Pb using density functional theory (DFT) and Non-Equilibrium Green’s Function (NEGF) simulations. Our findings reveal that As and Pb adsorption significantly alters the surface structure and electronic properties of MoS2, introducing impurity levels and reducing the band gap. Conversely, Cd and Hg exhibit weaker interactions with the MoS2 surface. The MoS2 monolayer sensors demonstrate exceptional sensitivity for all four target heavy metals, with values reaching 126,452.28% for As, 1862.67% for Cd, 427.71% for Hg, and 83,438.90% for Pb. Additionally, the sensors demonstrate selectivity for As and Pb through distinct response peaks at specific bias voltages. As and Pb adsorption also induces magnetism in the MoS2 system, potentially enabling magnetic sensing applications. The MoS2 monolayer’s moderate adsorption energy facilitates rapid sensor recovery at room temperature for As, Hg, and Cd. Notably, Pb recovery time can be significantly reduced at elevated temperatures, highlighting the reusability of the sensor. These results underscore the potential of MoS2 monolayers as highly sensitive, selective, and regenerable sensors for real-time heavy metal detection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gas Sensors: From Fundamental Research to Applications)
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11 pages, 5100 KiB  
Article
Density Functional Theory Provides Insights into β-SnSe Monolayers as a Highly Sensitive and Recoverable Ozone Sensing Material
by Jiayin Wu, Zongbao Li, Tongle Liang, Qiuyan Mo, Jingting Wei, Bin Li and Xiaobo Xing
Micromachines 2024, 15(8), 960; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi15080960 - 27 Jul 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 780
Abstract
This study explores the potential of β-SnSe monolayers as a promising material for ozone (O3) sensing using density functional theory (DFT) combined with the non-equilibrium Green’s function (NEGF) method. The adsorption characteristics of O3 molecules on the β-SnSe monolayer surface [...] Read more.
This study explores the potential of β-SnSe monolayers as a promising material for ozone (O3) sensing using density functional theory (DFT) combined with the non-equilibrium Green’s function (NEGF) method. The adsorption characteristics of O3 molecules on the β-SnSe monolayer surface were thoroughly investigated, including adsorption energy, band structure, density of states (DOSs), differential charge density, and Bader charge analysis. Post-adsorption, hybridization energy levels were introduced into the system, leading to a reduced band gap and increased electrical conductivity. A robust charge exchange between O3 and the β-SnSe monolayer was observed, indicative of chemisorption. Recovery time calculations also revealed that the β-SnSe monolayer could be reused after O3 adsorption. The sensitivity of the β-SnSe monolayer to O3 was quantitatively evaluated through current-voltage characteristic simulations, revealing an extraordinary sensitivity of 1817.57% at a bias voltage of 1.2 V. This sensitivity surpasses that of other two-dimensional materials such as graphene oxide. This comprehensive investigation demonstrates the exceptional potential of β-SnSe monolayers as a highly sensitive, recoverable, and environmentally friendly O3 sensing material. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gas Sensors: From Fundamental Research to Applications)
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