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Microorganisms
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The Human Microbiome and Its Impact on Rheumatic and Neurological...
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The Human Microbiome and Its Impact on Rheumatic and Neurological Diseases

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 January 2025 | Viewed by 4430

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Marco Bo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43b, 07100 Sassari, Italy
Interests: autoimmune disease; inflammation; innate immunity; adaptive immunity
Dr. Giuseppe Uras

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
Interests: Parkinson’s disease drug development; Alzheimer's disease drug screening; neurodegenerative diseases model development
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease triggered by the loss of immunological tolerance to self-antigens, which can cause systemic or organ specific damage. Genetic and environmental factors are the main players involved in the pathogenesis of RA. Abundant evidence suggests that the gut microbiota may be involved in the initiation and amplification of disease progression in patients with RA, neurodegenerative diseases and cancer as well. The possible mechanisms include molecular mimicry, impacts on intestinal mucosa permeability, the host immune response caused by the microbiota, and antigenic mimicry. Gut microbiome has often been investigated with regards to his role in gut-related diseases. However, an emerging role as potential triggering/protective mechanism in chronic diseases and autoimmunity development is currently being studied. Understanding how the gut microbiome composition differs in populations, particularly those with significantly different diets, could unveil potential connection with a higher, or lower, incidence of RA.

Dr. Marco Bo
Dr. Giuseppe Uras
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microorganisms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • gut
  • microbiota
  • autoimmunity
  • antigens
  • arthritis

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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19 pages, 1114 KiB  
Review
Gut Microbes Associated with Neurodegenerative Disorders: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature
by Christos Koutsokostas, Ermis Merkouris, Apostolos Goulas, Konstantina Aidinopoulou, Niki Sini, Theofanis Dimaras, Dimitrios Tsiptsios, Christoph Mueller, Maria Nystazaki and Konstantinos Tsamakis
Microorganisms 2024, 12(8), 1735; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12081735 - 22 Aug 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1360
Abstract
Evidence shows that neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders are influenced by alterations in the gut microbiome. Various diseases have been linked to microbiome dysbiosis, yet there are inconclusive data regarding which microorganisms are associated with each disorder. The aim of our study is to [...] Read more.
Evidence shows that neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders are influenced by alterations in the gut microbiome. Various diseases have been linked to microbiome dysbiosis, yet there are inconclusive data regarding which microorganisms are associated with each disorder. The aim of our study is to systematically review the recent literature of the past decade to clarify whether the gut microbiome contributes to the understanding of pathogenesis and progression of neurodegenerative disorders. Most included studies showed a strong correlation between the relative abundance of certain microorganisms, mainly species of the phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, and disorders such as Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). It is speculated that the microorganisms and their byproducts have a significant role in brain protein accumulation, neuro-inflammation, and gut permeability. The estimation of microbial populations could potentially improve clinical outcomes and hinder the progression of the disease. However, further research is needed to include more diseases and larger patient samples and identify specific species and subspecies associated with these disorders. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Human Microbiome and Its Impact on Rheumatic and Neurological Diseases)
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11 pages, 280 KiB  
Review
Decoding the Microbiome’s Influence on Rheumatoid Arthritis
by Donatella Coradduzza, Marco Bo, Antonella Congiargiu, Emanuela Azara, Maria Rosaria De Miglio, Gian Luca Erre and Ciriaco Carru
Microorganisms 2023, 11(9), 2170; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11092170 - 28 Aug 2023
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 2508
Abstract
The aim is better to understand and critically explore and present the available data from observational studies on the pathogenetic role of the microbiome in the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were screened for [...] Read more.
The aim is better to understand and critically explore and present the available data from observational studies on the pathogenetic role of the microbiome in the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were screened for the relevant literature published in the last ten years. The primary outcomes investigated included the influence of the gut microbiome on the pathogenesis and development of rheumatoid arthritis, exploring the changes in microbiota diversity and relative abundance of microbial taxa in individuals with RA and healthy controls (HCs). The risk of bias in the included literature was assessed using the GRADE criteria. Ten observational studies were identified and included in the qualitative assessment. A total of 647 individuals with RA were represented in the literature, in addition to 16 individuals with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and 247 HCs. The biospecimens comprised fecal samples across all the included literature, with 16S rDNA sequencing representing the primary method of biological analyses. Significant differences were observed in the RA microbiome compared to that of HCs: a decrease in Faecalibacterium, Fusicatenibacter, Enterococcus, and Megamonas and increases in Eggerthellales, Collinsella, Prevotella copri, Klebsiella, Escherichia, Eisenbergiella, and Flavobacterium. There are significant alterations in the microbiome of individuals with RA compared to HCs. This includes an increase in Prevotella copri and Lactobacillus and reductions in Collinsella. Collectively, these alterations are proposed to induce inflammatory responses and degrade the integrity of the intestinal barrier; however, further studies are needed to confirm this relationship. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Human Microbiome and Its Impact on Rheumatic and Neurological Diseases)
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