Current Challenges in Infectious Diseases Post COVID-19 Pandemic

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Public Health Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2025) | Viewed by 2930

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3rd Department of Internal Medicine and Laboratory, School of Medicine, NKUA, Sotiria General Hospital, Athens, Greece
Interests: viral infections; emerging pathogens; infection control; antimicrobial resistance; antimicrobial stewardship; public health; medical education
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Dear Colleagues,

After the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, our diagnostic capabilities have flourished, particularly against viral pathogens. This diagnostic explosion is neither easily implemented nor affordable across countries. What is the new diagnostic holy grail: omics, large panels of biomarkers, or strategies that could support precision medicine (and which ones)? How can less developed countries follow the stream? From the therapeutic viewpoint, we witnessed hundreds of clinical trials leading to the approval of only a handful of drugs against COVID-19. Will it be the mainstay thereafter? Will this clinical trial trend with adaptive design result in new products against multidrug-resistant pathogens that are urgently needed? Authors are welcome to describe their current therapeutic challenges with difficult-to-treat pathogens. Challenges could stem from the pathogen, the host,  the local infrastructures, or financial obstacles. In some countries, there has been a rebound of all previous problems post pandemic. What about infection-control practices after COVID-19? Are there paradigms of hospitals that have reverted to successful infection control strategies after the jeopardy caused by the pandemic? Antibiotics are still over-prescribed in viral infections in hospitals and in the community. What is the impact of this practice currently and what will it be in the years to come? What would be the role of artificial intelligence in all three aspects described above?

Dr. Garyphallia Poulakou
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • SARS-CoV-2
  • COVID-19
  • pandemic
  • viral pathogens
  • Antibiotics

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

11 pages, 934 KiB  
Article
Cardiac Damage in Patients Infected with Different SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern
by Francesco Robert Burkert, Martina Oberhollenzer, Daniela Kresse, Sarah Niederreiter, Vera Filippi, Lukas Lanser, Günter Weiss and Rosa Bellmann-Weiler
Microorganisms 2024, 12(12), 2617; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12122617 - 18 Dec 2024
Viewed by 2621
Abstract
Coronavirus Disease 2019 causes significant morbidity, and different variants of concern (VOCs) can impact organ systems differently. We conducted a single-center retrospective cohort analysis comparing biomarkers and clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients infected with the wild-type or Alpha (wt/Alpha) VOC against patients infected [...] Read more.
Coronavirus Disease 2019 causes significant morbidity, and different variants of concern (VOCs) can impact organ systems differently. We conducted a single-center retrospective cohort analysis comparing biomarkers and clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients infected with the wild-type or Alpha (wt/Alpha) VOC against patients infected with the Omicron VOC. We included 428 patients infected with the wt/Alpha VOC and 117 patients infected with the Omicron VOC. The Omicron cohort had higher maximal median high-sensitivity Troponin-T (hs-TnT) levels (wt/Alpha: 12.8 ng/L, IQR 6.6–29.5 vs. Omicron: 27.8 ng/L, IQR 13.7–54.0; p < 0.001) and N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) (wt/Alpha: 256 ng/L, IQR 74.5–913.5 vs. Omicron: 825 ng/L, IQR 168–2759; p < 0.001) levels. This remained true for patients under 65 years of age and without pre-existing cardiovascular disease (hs-TnT (wt/Alpha: 6.1 ng/L, IQR 2.5–10.25 vs. Omicron: 8.6 ng/L, IQR 6.2–15.7; p = 0.007) and NT-proBNP (wt/Alpha: 63 ng/L, IQR 25–223.75 vs. Omicron: 158 ng/L, IQR 75.5–299.5; p = 0.006)). In-hospital mortality was similar between the two groups (wt/Alpha: 53 or 12.7% vs. Omicron: 9 or 7.7%; p = 0.132) and more patients infected with wt/Alpha VOC required intensive care admission (wt/Alpha: 93 or 22.2% vs. Omicron: 14 or 12%; p = 0.014). Increased cardiac biomarkers were correlated with a higher risk of mortality and ICU admission in both groups. Herein, we detected higher levels of cardiac biomarkers in hospitalized patients infected with the Omicron VOC when compared to wt/Alpha, being indicative of higher cardiac involvement. Although hs-TnT and NT-proBNP levels were higher in the Omicron cohort and both markers were linked to in hospital mortality in both groups, the mortality rates were similar. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current Challenges in Infectious Diseases Post COVID-19 Pandemic)
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