Using Microorganisms to Increase Crop Productivity and Sustainability

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Microbe Interactions".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2024) | Viewed by 7930

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Edifício C2, Piso 5, Sala 2.5.03 Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
Interests: arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; biological properties; mycorrhiza; soil fungi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Edifício C2, Piso 5, Sala 2.5.03 Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
Interests: plant ecology; plant nutrition

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and protists, have long been recognized as vital components of soil ecosystems. They play essential roles in nutrient cycling, disease suppression, plant growth promotion, and ecosystem services. This Special Issue, titled "Using Microorganisms to Increase Crop Productivity and Sustainability", will offer a comprehensive exploration of the pivotal role that microorganisms play in modern agriculture.

This Special Issue will emphasize diverse strategies for leveraging microorganisms and the products of their activitiy and interactions, such as biofertilizers, biopesticides, and microbial inoculants. These microbial tools can enhance nutrient availability, protect crops from pests and diseases, and improve soil structure and health. Importantly, they offer sustainable alternatives to conventional agricultural inputs, reducing the reliance on synthetic chemicals and their associated environmental drawbacks.

Overall, the Special Issue provides valuable insights into how harnessing microorganisms can contribute to more sustainable and resilient agricultural systems.

Dr. Cristina Cruz
Dr. Teresa Dias
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • microorganism
  • agriculture
  • soil
  • plant
  • ecosystem

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 5670 KiB  
Article
Isolation and Characterization of Potassium-Solubilizing Rhizobacteria (KSR) Promoting Cotton Growth in Saline–Sodic Regions
by Yue Zhao, Hongbang Liang, Jihong Zhang, Yu Chen, Yam Prasad Dhital, Tao Zhao and Zhenhua Wang
Microorganisms 2024, 12(7), 1474; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12071474 - 19 Jul 2024
Viewed by 1276
Abstract
Cotton is highly sensitive to potassium, and Xinjiang, China’s leading cotton-producing region, faces a severe challenge due to reduced soil potassium availability. Biofertilizers, particularly potassium-solubilizing rhizobacteria (KSR), convert insoluble potassium into plant-usable forms, offering a sustainable solution for evergreen agriculture. This study isolated [...] Read more.
Cotton is highly sensitive to potassium, and Xinjiang, China’s leading cotton-producing region, faces a severe challenge due to reduced soil potassium availability. Biofertilizers, particularly potassium-solubilizing rhizobacteria (KSR), convert insoluble potassium into plant-usable forms, offering a sustainable solution for evergreen agriculture. This study isolated and characterized KSR from cotton, elucidated their potassium solubilization mechanisms, and evaluated the effects of inoculating KSR strains on cotton seedlings. Twenty-three KSR strains were isolated from cotton rhizosphere soil using modified Aleksandrov medium. Their solubilizing capacities were assessed in a liquid medium. Strain A10 exhibited the highest potassium solubilization capacity (21.8 ppm) by secreting organic acids such as lactic, citric, acetic, and succinic acid, lowering the pH and facilitating potassium release. A growth curve analysis and potassium solubilization tests of A10 under alkali stress showed its vigorous growth and maintained solubilization ability at pH 8–9, with significant inhibition at pH 10. Furthermore, 16S rRNA sequencing identified strain A10 as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Greenhouse pot experiments showed that inoculating cotton plants with strain A10 significantly increased plant height and promoted root growth. This inoculation also enhanced dry biomass accumulation in both the aerial parts and root systems of the plants, while reducing the root–shoot ratio. These results suggest that Pseudomonas aeruginosa A10 has potential as a biofertilizer, offering a new strategy for sustainable agriculture. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Using Microorganisms to Increase Crop Productivity and Sustainability)
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15 pages, 3010 KiB  
Article
Endophytic Microorganisms in Tomato Roots, Changes in the Structure and Function of the Community at Different Growing Stages
by Yufei Wei, Siyu Chen, Xinyan Zhou, Diancao Ding, Jingjing Song and Shangdong Yang
Microorganisms 2024, 12(6), 1251; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12061251 - 20 Jun 2024
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Abstract
This study analyzed flower bud differentiation and fruiting stages to investigate how the structure of the plant endophytic microbial community in the roots of tomatoes changes with plant senescence. Based on high-throughput sequencing technology, the diversity and relative abundance of endophytic microorganisms (bacteria [...] Read more.
This study analyzed flower bud differentiation and fruiting stages to investigate how the structure of the plant endophytic microbial community in the roots of tomatoes changes with plant senescence. Based on high-throughput sequencing technology, the diversity and relative abundance of endophytic microorganisms (bacteria and fungi) in tomato stems at different growth stages were analyzed. At the same time, based on LEfSe analysis, the differences in endophytic microorganisms in tomato stems at different growth stages were studied. Based on PICRUSt2 function prediction and FUNGuild, we predicted the functions of endophytic bacterial and fungal communities in tomato stems at different growth stages to explore potential microbial functional traits. The results demonstrated that not only different unique bacterial genera but also unique fungal genera could be found colonizing tomato roots at different growth stages. In tomato seedlings, flower bud differentiation, and fruiting stages, the functions of colonizing endophytes in tomato roots could primarily contribute to the promotion of plant growth, stress resistance, and improvement in nutrient cycling, respectively. These results also suggest that different functional endophytes colonize tomato roots at different growth stages. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Using Microorganisms to Increase Crop Productivity and Sustainability)
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17 pages, 2607 KiB  
Article
Comparative Analysis of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria’s Effects on Alfalfa Growth at the Seedling and Flowering Stages under Salt Stress
by Xixi Ma, Cuihua Huang, Jun Zhang, Jing Pan, Qi Guo, Hui Yang and Xian Xue
Microorganisms 2024, 12(3), 616; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12030616 - 19 Mar 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1503
Abstract
Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), a forage legume known for its moderate salt–alkali tolerance, offers notable economic and ecological benefits and aids in soil amelioration when cultivated in saline–alkaline soils. Nonetheless, the limited stress resistance of alfalfa could curtail its productivity. This study [...] Read more.
Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), a forage legume known for its moderate salt–alkali tolerance, offers notable economic and ecological benefits and aids in soil amelioration when cultivated in saline–alkaline soils. Nonetheless, the limited stress resistance of alfalfa could curtail its productivity. This study investigated the salt tolerance and growth-promoting characteristics (in vitro) of four strains of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) that were pre-selected, as well as their effects on alfalfa at different growth stages (a pot experiment). The results showed that the selected strains belonged to the genera Priestia (HL3), Bacillus (HL6 and HG12), and Paenibacillus (HG24). All four strains exhibited the ability to solubilize phosphate and produce indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase. Among them, except for strain HG24, the other strains could tolerate 9% NaCl stress. Treatment with 100 mM NaCl consistently decreased the IAA production levels of the selected strains, but inconsistent changes (either enhanced or reduced) in terms of phosphate solubilization, ACC deaminase, and exopolysaccharides (EPS) production were observed among the strains. During the various growth stages of alfalfa, PGPR exhibited different growth-promoting effects: at the seedling stage, they enhanced salt tolerance through the induction of physiological changes; at the flowering stage, they promoted growth through nutrient acquisition. The current findings suggest that strains HL3, HL6, and HG12 are effective microbial inoculants for alleviating salt stress in alfalfa plants in arid and semi-arid regions. This study not only reveals the potential of indigenous salt-tolerant PGPR in enhancing the salt tolerance of alfalfa but also provides new insights into the mechanisms of action of PGPR. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Using Microorganisms to Increase Crop Productivity and Sustainability)
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Review

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29 pages, 1553 KiB  
Review
Production of a Rich Fertilizer Base for Plants from Waste Organic Residues by Microbial Formulation Technology
by Sai Shiva Krishna Prasad Vurukonda, Vasileios Fotopoulos and Agnieszka Saeid
Microorganisms 2024, 12(3), 541; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12030541 - 7 Mar 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3606
Abstract
This review explores different methods of sustainably introducing nutrients from agro-industrial waste into the soil. The focus is on sustainable agriculture and how the soil system can be modified by introducing secondary raw materials and beneficial microorganisms. Soil is a nexus between plants [...] Read more.
This review explores different methods of sustainably introducing nutrients from agro-industrial waste into the soil. The focus is on sustainable agriculture and how the soil system can be modified by introducing secondary raw materials and beneficial microorganisms. Soil is a nexus between plants and microorganisms that must be balanced. The article emphasizes the importance of maintaining the microbiological balance when supplying nutrients. This review is focused on the possible techniques involved in the production of biofertilizers and their mode of application into the soil system and on plants. We addressed several advantages concerning the use of beneficial microorganisms in waste management by microbial formulation techniques. Not only the advantages but several limitations and challenges were also discussed in regard to the large scale production of microbial products. Therefore, the proper treatment of industrial waste is essential so that we can preserve the environment and human safety and also achieve sustainable agriculture. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Using Microorganisms to Increase Crop Productivity and Sustainability)
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