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Microorganisms
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Salmonella Infections: Trends and Updates
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Salmonella Infections: Trends and Updates

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Public Health Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 28 February 2025 | Viewed by 4530

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Taseen Desin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Trinity School of Medicine, Trinity Medical Sciences University, Saint Vincent, AB, Canada
Interests: microbiology; Salmonella infections; pathogenesis; vaccines

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Salmonella infections represent a significant public health challenge globally, with diverse strains posing threats to human and animal populations. This Special Issue of Microorganisms aims to comprehensively explore the latest research, innovations, and strategies in understanding, preventing, and managing Salmonella infections.

Scope and Focus: this Special Issue seeks to delve into various aspects of Salmonella infections, including, but not limited to, the following:

  1. Epidemiology and Surveillance: an examination of global trends, outbreaks, and surveillance methods to track Salmonella prevalence and distribution;
  2. Molecular Biology and Pathogenesis: insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying Salmonella pathogenesis, including virulence factors, host–pathogen interactions, and microbial adaptation strategies;
  3. Antimicrobial Resistance: investigations of antimicrobial resistance patterns in Salmonella strains, mechanisms of resistance development, and implications for treatment and control strategies;
  4. One-Health Perspectives: an exploration of the interconnectedness of human, animal, and environmental factors in Salmonella transmission dynamics, with a focus on interdisciplinary approaches and collaborative efforts;
  5. Prevention and Control Strategies: an evaluation of novel preventive measures, vaccines, therapeutic interventions, and public health policies aimed at reducing the burden of Salmonella infections.

Dr. Taseen Desin
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microorganisms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • salmonellosis
  • epidemiology and surveillance
  • molecular biology and pathogenesis
  • antimicrobial resistance
  • one-health perspectives
  • prevention and control strategies

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 576 KiB  
Article
Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Salmonella Strains Isolated from Chicken Samples in Southern Italy
by Pietro Di Taranto, Fiorenza Petruzzi, Giovanni Normanno, Carmine Pedarra, Gilda Occhiochiuso, Simona Faleo, Antonella Didonna, Domenico Galante, Lorenzo Pace, Valeria Rondinone, Carmelinda Trisolini, Laura Del Sambro, Matteo Beverelli, Roberta Catanzariti, Marta Caruso, Lucia Palazzo, Adriana Di Castri and Antonio Parisi
Microorganisms 2025, 13(2), 270; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13020270 - 25 Jan 2025
Viewed by 478
Abstract
Salmonellosis is one of the most frequent foodborne zoonoses, and the consumption of contaminated poultry meat is considered the main source of Salmonella infections in humans. From 2021 to 2023, 384 chicken samples were collected from retailers in Apulia and Basilicata regions and [...] Read more.
Salmonellosis is one of the most frequent foodborne zoonoses, and the consumption of contaminated poultry meat is considered the main source of Salmonella infections in humans. From 2021 to 2023, 384 chicken samples were collected from retailers in Apulia and Basilicata regions and analysed at the Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Puglia e della Basilicata (IZSPB) laboratories. The Salmonella isolates were investigated to evaluate their phenotypic characteristics of antimicrobial resistance. A total of 125 (32.55%) samples tested positive for Salmonella spp. Three samples were simultaneously infected with strains of two different serotypes. Strains were classified into nine serotypes. Out of 128 strains, 112 (87.5%) isolates showed multidrug-resistant (MDR) profiles. Moreover, 16 isolates (12.5%) were ESBL producers with MDR profiles. Our data confirm that chicken products are a common source of Salmonella and highlight how S. Infantis was the most prevalent serotype (85.93%). Furthermore, Salmonella isolates showed antimicrobial resistance, which is very worrisome for animals and consumers. The high rate of antibiotic resistance along with the appearance of numerous MDR isolates is considered an actual concern and requires a robust surveillance network in a One Health concept. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Salmonella Infections: Trends and Updates)
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11 pages, 1426 KiB  
Article
Quantification of Viable Salmonella by Propidium Monoazide Real-Time PCR After Long-Term Storage of Peanut Products
by Aline M. von Hertwig, André A. Pereira, Dionisio Pedro Amorim Neto and Maristela S. Nascimento
Microorganisms 2024, 12(12), 2640; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12122640 - 19 Dec 2024
Viewed by 442
Abstract
In this study, the performance of quantitative PCR, combined or not with propidium monoazide (PMA), to recover Salmonella from peanut products after different storage times was evaluated. The samples were inoculated with 5–6 log cfu g−1 of Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC 14028 and [...] Read more.
In this study, the performance of quantitative PCR, combined or not with propidium monoazide (PMA), to recover Salmonella from peanut products after different storage times was evaluated. The samples were inoculated with 5–6 log cfu g−1 of Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC 14028 and stored at 28 °C for up to 540 d. The correlation between the threshold cycle number (Ct) and the colony-forming units (cfu) was obtained by a standard curve, which showed a linear correlation (R2 = 0.97). The highest counts were recovered by qPCR (p < 0.05); however, it quantified both viable and non-viable cells. For roasted peanuts, a significant difference (p < 0.05) between qPCR-PMA and the culture method was verified only for samples stored for 30 d, i.e., 2.8 versus 4.0 log cfu g−1. Further, there was no VBNC status in the roasted peanuts, even after long-term exposure to desiccation stress. For peanut-based products, after 540 d, only paçoca showed a significant difference (p < 0.05) among the three methods evaluated. In peanut brittle, qPCR-PMA detected 1.5 log cfu g−1, while, in the culture method, Salmonella was recovered in 1 g. The pathogen was below the detection limit in pé-de-moça either by plate count or qPCR-PMA. Therefore, qPCR-PMA shows potential for use in quantifying Salmonella in peanut products. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Salmonella Infections: Trends and Updates)
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17 pages, 2754 KiB  
Article
Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Foodborne Pathogens from Raw Livestock Meat in China, 2021
by Xiang Ren, Dajin Yang, Zushun Yang, Ying Li, Shuran Yang, Weiwei Li, Xin Qiao, Chengyu Xue, Min Chen, Limin Zhang, Lin Yan and Zixin Peng
Microorganisms 2024, 12(11), 2157; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12112157 - 26 Oct 2024
Viewed by 1119
Abstract
The rising prevalence of pathogenic bacteria in livestock meat poses a growing public health concern in China. The determination of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is critical for the clinical management of foodborne infections stemming from livestock meat consumption. This study aimed to assess the [...] Read more.
The rising prevalence of pathogenic bacteria in livestock meat poses a growing public health concern in China. The determination of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is critical for the clinical management of foodborne infections stemming from livestock meat consumption. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of pathogenic bacteria in livestock meat (pork, beef, and mutton) sampled in China in 2021 and to identify the most common AMR patterns among the isolated pathogens. A total of 2515 raw livestock meat samples were collected across 15 provinces in China during 2021. Pathogen detection, including Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella, and diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC), followed China’s national food safety standards. All Salmonella isolates underwent serotyping via slide agglutination. Antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella and DEC isolates was assessed using the broth dilution method. The detection rates for L. monocytogenes, Salmonella, and DEC in raw livestock meat were 9.06% (228/2, 515), 10.54% (265/2, 515), and 6.16% (155/2, 515), respectively. Pork showed the highest contamination rates for Salmonella and DEC, with prevalence rates of 17.60% (214/1, 216, χ2 = 124.62, p < 0.05) and 7.89% (96/1, 216, χ2 = 14.466, p < 0.05), respectively. L. monocytogenes contamination was notably higher in chilled (14.43%, 84/582) and frozen (12.39%, 55/444) meat than in fresh meat (χ2 = 43.510, p < 0.05). In contrast, Salmonella (12.09%, 180/1489, χ2 = 15.173, p < 0.05) and DEC (7.25%, 108/1489, χ2 = 12.275, p < 0.05) were more prevalent in fresh meat than in chilled or frozen samples. The predominant Salmonella serotypes identified were Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium, followed by Salmonella enterica serovar Derby, Salmonella enterica serovar Rissen, Salmonella enterica serovar London, and Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis. Enteroaggregative E. coli was the most frequent pathotype among DEC (84.7%, 133/157), followed by enteropathogenic E. coli (8.3%, 13/157) and enterohemorrhagic E. coli (5.1%, 8/157). Among the 14 tested antimicrobial agents, Salmonella isolates demonstrated an overall resistance rate of 87.50%, while DEC exhibited a resistance rate of 84.70%. Ampicillin and tetracycline showed the highest resistance rates in both pathogens. Multi-drug resistance (MDR) was observed in 67.53% of Salmonella isolates (183 isolates) and 57.96% of DEC isolates (91 isolates). This study highlights the significant contamination of retail raw livestock meat in China by L. monocytogenes, Salmonella, and DEC. The high resistance of MDR in both pathogens poses serious public health risks. Chinese food safety and veterinary authorities should implement stricter measures to control pathogen contamination and regulate the use of antimicrobials in livestock to mitigate these risks. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Salmonella Infections: Trends and Updates)
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Review

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22 pages, 865 KiB  
Review
Bridging Classical Methodologies in Salmonella Investigation with Modern Technologies: A Comprehensive Review
by Steven Ray Kitchens, Chengming Wang and Stuart B. Price
Microorganisms 2024, 12(11), 2249; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12112249 - 7 Nov 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1797
Abstract
Advancements in genomics and machine learning have significantly enhanced the study of Salmonella epidemiology. Whole-genome sequencing has revolutionized bacterial genomics, allowing for detailed analysis of genetic variation and aiding in outbreak investigations and source tracking. Short-read sequencing technologies, such as those provided by [...] Read more.
Advancements in genomics and machine learning have significantly enhanced the study of Salmonella epidemiology. Whole-genome sequencing has revolutionized bacterial genomics, allowing for detailed analysis of genetic variation and aiding in outbreak investigations and source tracking. Short-read sequencing technologies, such as those provided by Illumina, have been instrumental in generating draft genomes that facilitate serotyping and the detection of antimicrobial resistance. Long-read sequencing technologies, including those from Pacific Biosciences and Oxford Nanopore Technologies, offer the potential for more complete genome assemblies and better insights into genetic diversity. In addition to these sequencing approaches, machine learning techniques like decision trees and random forests provide powerful tools for pattern recognition and predictive modeling. Importantly, the study of bacteriophages, which interact with Salmonella, offers additional layers of understanding. Phages can impact Salmonella population dynamics and evolution, and their integration into Salmonella genomics research holds promise for novel insights into pathogen control and epidemiology. This review revisits the history of Salmonella and its pathogenesis and highlights the integration of these modern methodologies in advancing our understanding of Salmonella. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Salmonella Infections: Trends and Updates)
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