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Microorganisms
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Intestine as a Hub for Host-Microbe Interactions and Its Impact...
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Intestine as a Hub for Host-Microbe Interactions and Its Impact on Local and Systemic Health

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Gut Microbiota".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2024 | Viewed by 4095

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Helioswilton Sales-Campos

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiania 74605-050, GO, Brazil
Interests: innate immunity; TREM; microbiota; inflammation; immune receptors; infection
Prof. Dr. José Luiz de Brito Alves

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, Paraíba, Brazil
Interests: gut microbiota; probiotics; nutrition; arterial hypertension; metabolic disease; translational studies
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The intestine is one of the richest niches of microorganisms harboring a diverse and complex population, which directly or indirectly influence host physiology and metabolism. Gut health encompasses a number of biological features and functions, including nutrient digestion and absorption, host metabolism and energy generation, a eubiotic microbiome, mucus layer development, barrier function and mucosal immune responses. Different aspects can disturb gut microbial composition (also known as dysbiosis), which in turn may represent a cause or consequence of local and systemic disorders. Among the potential triggers of gut microbiota dysbiosis, it is possible to highlight nutritional status, environmental pollution, lifestyle, infections (local or systemic), stress and inflammatory/metabolic disorders. Thus, increasing current knowledge in this complex and multifaceted field is of great importance for scientific and clinical communities.

This Special Issue will focus on the importance of the intestine as a hub for the host–microbe interaction in different contexts. Studies that will help demonstrate the impact of the aforementioned triggers in gut dysbiosis are welcome.

Prof. Dr. Helioswilton Sales-Campos
Prof. Dr. José Luiz de Brito Alves
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microorganisms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • microbiota
  • gut pathogens
  • immune response
  • inflammation
  • dysbiosis
  • infection
  • nutritional status

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 1390 KiB  
Article
Depressive Symptoms and Gut Microbiota after Bowel Preparation and Colonoscopy: A Pre–Post Intervention Study
by Amelia J. McGuinness, Martin O’Hely, Douglas Stupart, David Watters, Samantha L. Dawson, Christopher Hair, Michael Berk, Mohammadreza Mohebbi, Amy Loughman, Glenn Guest and Felice N. Jacka
Microorganisms 2024, 12(10), 1960; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12101960 - 27 Sep 2024
Viewed by 807
Abstract
Mechanical bowel preparation (MBP) is essential for visualisation of the colon during colonoscopy. Previous studies have identified changes in gut microbiota composition after MBP and colonoscopy. Considering the gut microbiota is increasingly implicated in psychiatry, we explored the potential impact of this intervention [...] Read more.
Mechanical bowel preparation (MBP) is essential for visualisation of the colon during colonoscopy. Previous studies have identified changes in gut microbiota composition after MBP and colonoscopy. Considering the gut microbiota is increasingly implicated in psychiatry, we explored the potential impact of this intervention on mood and the microbiota–gut–brain axis. We conducted a pre–post intervention study in adults, with timepoints of one week before and one month after MBP and colonoscopy. Our primary outcome was change in average Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale depression sub-scores. We examined changes in average anxiety, stress, and quality of life scores and gut microbiota composition using 16S rRNA sequencing. We further explored associations between changes in depressive symptoms and gut microbiota and conducted post hoc analyses to explore potential effect modifiers. Average depressive symptom scores decreased one month post-procedure compared to baseline (n = 59; adjusted β = −0.64; 95%CI: −1.18, −0.11). Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) appeared to moderate this relationship (β = 1.78; 95%CI: 0.292, 3.26); depressive symptoms increased in those with, and decreased in those without, IBS. Reduced alpha diversity, modest effects on beta-diversity, and increases in health-associated genera were observed one month post-procedure. Increases in the CLR-transformed abundances of Ruminococcaceae UCG-009 were associated with improvements in depressive symptoms. There is preliminary evidence of a potential mental health effect of MBP and colonoscopy, particularly for those with IBS, which may be associated with changes to the gut microbiota. Further research is required to confirm these findings and their clinical relevance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intestine as a Hub for Host-Microbe Interactions and Its Impact on Local and Systemic Health)
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15 pages, 2185 KiB  
Article
Periodontal Inflammation and Dysbiosis Relate to Microbial Changes in the Gut
by Angela R. Kamer, Smruti Pushalkar, Babak Hamidi, Malvin N. Janal, Vera Tang, Kumar Raghava Chowdary Annam, Leena Palomo, Deepthi Gulivindala, Lidia Glodzik and Deepak Saxena
Microorganisms 2024, 12(6), 1225; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12061225 - 18 Jun 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1316
Abstract
Periodontal disease (PerioD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of dysbiotic etiology. Animal models and few human data showed a relationship between oral bacteria and gut dysbiosis. However, the effect of periodontal inflammation and subgingival dysbiosis on the gut is unknown. We hypothesized that [...] Read more.
Periodontal disease (PerioD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of dysbiotic etiology. Animal models and few human data showed a relationship between oral bacteria and gut dysbiosis. However, the effect of periodontal inflammation and subgingival dysbiosis on the gut is unknown. We hypothesized that periodontal inflammation and its associated subgingival dysbiosis contribute to gut dysbiosis even in subjects free of known gut disorders. We evaluated and compared elderly subjects with Low and High periodontal inflammation (assessed by Periodontal Inflamed Surface Area (PISA)) for stool and subgingival derived bacteria (assayed by 16S rRNA sequencing). The associations between PISA/subgingival dysbiosis and gut dysbiosis and bacteria known to produce short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) were assessed. LEfSe analysis showed that, in Low PISA, species belonging to Lactobacillus, Roseburia, and Ruminococcus taxa and Lactobacillus zeae were enriched, while species belonging to Coprococcus, Clostridiales, and Atopobium were enriched in High PISA. Regression analyses showed that PISA associated with indicators of dysbiosis in the gut mainly reduced abundance of SCFA producing bacteria (Radj = −0.38, p = 0.03). Subgingival bacterial dysbiosis also associated with reduced levels of gut SCFA producing bacteria (Radj = −0.58, p = 0.002). These results suggest that periodontal inflammation and subgingival microbiota contribute to gut bacterial changes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intestine as a Hub for Host-Microbe Interactions and Its Impact on Local and Systemic Health)
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14 pages, 1788 KiB  
Article
A Mix of Potentially Probiotic Limosilactobacillus fermentum Strains Alters the Gut Microbiota in a Dose- and Sex-Dependent Manner in Wistar Rats
by Lucas Alves Carneiro dos Santos, Rodrigo Dias de Oliveira Carvalho, José Patrocínio Ribeiro Cruz Neto, Deborah Emanuelle de Albuquerque Lemos, Kataryne Árabe Rimá de Oliveira, Karoliny Brito Sampaio, Micaelle Oliveira de Luna Freire, Flavia Figueira Aburjaile, Vasco Ariston de Carvalho Azevedo, Evandro Leite de Souza and José Luiz de Brito Alves
Microorganisms 2024, 12(4), 659; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12040659 - 26 Mar 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1341
Abstract
Multi-strain Limosilactobacillus (L.) fermentum is a potential probiotic with reported immunomodulatory properties. This study aimed to evaluate the composition, richness, and diversity of the gut microbiota in male and female rats after treatment with a multi-strain of L. fermentum at different doses. Thirty [...] Read more.
Multi-strain Limosilactobacillus (L.) fermentum is a potential probiotic with reported immunomodulatory properties. This study aimed to evaluate the composition, richness, and diversity of the gut microbiota in male and female rats after treatment with a multi-strain of L. fermentum at different doses. Thirty rats (fifteen male and fifteen female) were allocated into a control group (CTL), a group receiving L. fermentum at a dose of 108 CFU (Lf-108), and a group receiving L. fermentum at a dose of 1010 CFU (Lf-1010) for 13 weeks. Gut microbiota and serum cytokine levels were evaluated after L. fermentum treatment. Male CTL rats had a lower relative abundance of Bifidobacteriaceae and Prevotella and a lower alpha diversity than their female CTL counterparts (p < 0.05). In addition, male CTL rats had a higher Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio than female CTL rats (p < 0.05). In female rats, the administration of L. fermentum at 108 CFU decreased the relative abundance of Bifidobacteriaceae and Anaerobiospirillum and increased Lactobacillus (p < 0.05). In male rats, the administration of L. fermentum at 1010 CFU decreased the F/B ratio and increased Lachnospiraceae and the diversity of the gut microbiota (p < 0.05). The relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae and the alpha-diversity of gut microbiota were negatively correlated with serum levels of IL1β (r = −0.44) and TNFα (r = −0.39), respectively. This study identified important changes in gut microbiota between male and female rats and showed that a lower dose of L. fermentum may have more beneficial effects on gut microbiota in females, while a higher dose may result in more beneficial effects on gut microbiota in male rats. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intestine as a Hub for Host-Microbe Interactions and Its Impact on Local and Systemic Health)
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