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Microorganisms
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Fungal Biology and Interactions, 2nd Edition
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Fungal Biology and Interactions, 2nd Edition

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Microbiology and Immunology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2025 | Viewed by 3839

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Renato Graciano de Paula

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Physiological Sciences, Health Sciences Centre, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria 29047-105, ES, Brazil
Interests: functional genomics; cellular signaling; biotechnology; secondary metabolism; filamentous fungi
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Roberto Nascimento Silva

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil
Interests: filamentous fungi; molecular biology; cell signaling

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is the continuation of our previous Special Issue “Fungal Biology and Interactions”.

Interactions involving fungi are of fundamental importance to human life and in biotechnological processes. Thus, in this Special Issue on "Fungal Biology and Interactions", we aim to present new research and trends regarding fungi–fungi, fungi–plants, fungi–environment, and fungi–microbial community interactions. Articles to be submitted should address basic biology, molecular interactions, cell signaling, pathogen–host relationships, climate change, biofuels and biomaterials, and sustainable agriculture.

Reviews, original research, and communications are welcome.

Prof. Dr. Renato Graciano de Paula
Prof. Dr. Roberto Nascimento Silva
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microorganisms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 1414 KiB  
Article
High Spatial but Low Temporal Variability in Ectomycorrhizal Community Composition in Abies alba Forest Stands
by Tina Unuk Nahberger, Hojka Kraigher and Tine Grebenc
Microorganisms 2025, 13(2), 308; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13020308 - 30 Jan 2025
Viewed by 352
Abstract
The ectomycorrhizal symbionts of silver fir have rarely been analyzed and identified, so little is known about their diversity and distribution. The aim of this study was (1) to analyze the diversity of ectomycorrhizal fungal species in three geographically distinct forest stands of [...] Read more.
The ectomycorrhizal symbionts of silver fir have rarely been analyzed and identified, so little is known about their diversity and distribution. The aim of this study was (1) to analyze the diversity of ectomycorrhizal fungal species in three geographically distinct forest stands of Abies alba and (2) to demonstrate the high temporal variability of the ectomycorrhizal community over two consecutive growing seasons using repeated monthly sampling. Root samples were taken every month during two growing seasons in three silver fir-dominated forest stands. The ectomycorrhizal root tips were first assigned to a morphotype based on morphological characteristics and then identified by sequencing the internal transcribed spacer region. Alpha and beta diversity differed significantly between all three study sites, with the most diverse and even ectomycorrhizal community described in plot Jelovški boršt. The diversity indices over the growing season were different at two of the three study sites, supporting the idea of a fluctuation of ectomycorrhizal taxa during the growing seasons of the two consecutive years. While significant temporal variability was only confirmed for certain ectomycorrhizal taxa, there were no significant changes in the ectomycorrhizal community in general. Thus, we confirmed the high spatial but low temporal variability of the ectomycorrhizal community associated with silver fir. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fungal Biology and Interactions, 2nd Edition)
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21 pages, 16886 KiB  
Article
Histological Dissection of Fusarium-Banana Interaction Using a GFP-Tagged Subtropical Race 4 Strain of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense on Banana Cultivars with Differing Levels of Resistance
by Andrew Chen, Ting-Yan Chou, Yi Chen, Sumayyah M. A. Fallatah, Jay Anderson, Jiaman Sun, Harry Cosgrove, Siyuan Gao, Brett J. Ferguson, Amelie Soper, Donald M. Gardiner and Elizabeth A. B. Aitken
Microorganisms 2024, 12(12), 2472; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12122472 - 1 Dec 2024
Viewed by 843
Abstract
Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), poses a significant threat to global banana production. This study used a GFP-tagged subtropical race 4 strain of Foc (GFP-Foc-STR4) to trace the pathogen’s movement in different banana cultivars. [...] Read more.
Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), poses a significant threat to global banana production. This study used a GFP-tagged subtropical race 4 strain of Foc (GFP-Foc-STR4) to trace the pathogen’s movement in different banana cultivars. These include a race 4 resistant cultivar FHIA25 and the Cavendish somaclone ‘GCTCV119’, as well as susceptible cultivars including ‘Lady Finger’, ‘FHIA02’, and ‘Williams’ Cavendish. GFP localization revealed that GFP-Foc-STR4 was able to infect all tested cultivars, moving from the roots to the rhizome and aerial parts of the plant. Tyloses formation in root and rhizome vasculature, visualised with GFP autofluorescence and confirmed by scanning electron microscopy, was found to restrict Foc within the xylem vessels, slowing its spread but not fully preventing infection. This containment mechanism contributes to the host tolerance of ‘FHIA25’ and ‘GCTCV119’, though it does not confer complete immunity. The use of the fluorescently tagged Foc strain provides valuable insight into the infection process, and supports efforts in the integrated management of Fusarium wilt of banana. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fungal Biology and Interactions, 2nd Edition)
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13 pages, 1133 KiB  
Article
Analysis of the Mycotoxin Levels and Expression Pattern of SWN Genes at Different Time Points in the Fungus Slafractonia leguminicola
by Sumanjari Das, Dale R. Gardner, Daniel Cook and Rebecca Creamer
Microorganisms 2024, 12(4), 670; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12040670 - 27 Mar 2024
Viewed by 1446
Abstract
The fungal plant pathogen Slafractonia leguminicola produces two mycotoxins that affect animals: slaframine, which causes slobbers, and swainsonine, which causes locoism. Slafractonia leguminicola contains the swainsonine-associated orthologous gene clusters, “SWN”, which include a multifunctional swnK gene (NRPS-PKS hybrid), swnH1 and swnH2 (nonheme iron [...] Read more.
The fungal plant pathogen Slafractonia leguminicola produces two mycotoxins that affect animals: slaframine, which causes slobbers, and swainsonine, which causes locoism. Slafractonia leguminicola contains the swainsonine-associated orthologous gene clusters, “SWN”, which include a multifunctional swnK gene (NRPS-PKS hybrid), swnH1 and swnH2 (nonheme iron dioxygenase genes), swnN and swnR (reductase genes), and swnT (transmembrane transporter). In addition to these genes, two paralogs of swnK, swnK1 (paralog1) and swnk2 (paralog2), are found in S. leguminicola. cDNAs from total mRNA were isolated from the S. leguminicola mycelia grown in the culture plates as well as from leaves inoculated with the fungal mycelia at different time points, and expression pattern of the SWN genes were analyzed using RT-qPCR. The concentrations of swainsonine and slaframine production from this fungus at different time points were also examined using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. The timing of gene expression was similar in cultured fungus and inoculated leaves and agreed with our proposed biosynthetic pathway. Substantially more swainsonine was produced than slaframine during time course studies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fungal Biology and Interactions, 2nd Edition)
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Review

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21 pages, 642 KiB  
Review
Halophilic Fungi—Features and Potential Applications
by Lyudmila Yovchevska, Yana Gocheva, Galina Stoyancheva, Jeny Miteva-Staleva, Vladislava Dishliyska, Radoslav Abrashev, Tsvetomira Stamenova, Maria Angelova and Ekaterina Krumova
Microorganisms 2025, 13(1), 175; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13010175 - 15 Jan 2025
Viewed by 535
Abstract
Extremophiles are of significant scientific interest due to their unique adaptation to harsh environmental conditions and their potential for diverse biotechnological applications. Among these extremophiles, filamentous fungi adapted to high-salt environments represent a new and valuable source of enzymes, biomolecules, and biomaterials. While [...] Read more.
Extremophiles are of significant scientific interest due to their unique adaptation to harsh environmental conditions and their potential for diverse biotechnological applications. Among these extremophiles, filamentous fungi adapted to high-salt environments represent a new and valuable source of enzymes, biomolecules, and biomaterials. While most studies on halophiles have focused on bacteria, reports on filamentous fungi remain limited. This review compiles information about salt-adapted fungi and details their distribution, adaptation mechanisms, and potential applications in various societal areas. Understanding the adaptive mechanisms of halophilic fungi not only sheds light on the biology of extremophilic fungi but also leads to promising biotechnological applications, including the development of salt-tolerant enzymes and strategies for bioremediation of saline habitats. To fully realize this potential, a comprehensive understanding of their ecology, diversity and physiology is crucial. In addition, understanding their survival mechanisms in saline environments is important for the development of astrobiology. The significant potential of applications of halophilic fungi is highlighted. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fungal Biology and Interactions, 2nd Edition)
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