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Microorganisms
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Multidrug Resistance in the 2020's: A Threat in the Hospital...
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Multidrug Resistance in the 2020's: A Threat in the Hospital and in the Community

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Antimicrobial Agents and Resistance".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2023) | Viewed by 7343

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Despoina Koulenti

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Antimicrobial Optimisation Group, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
Interests: critical care; infectious diseases; sepsis; healthcare-associated infections; severe respiratory infections; multidrug-resistant microorganisms; antibiotic optimization; high fidelity medical simulation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Stijn Blot

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
Interests: clinical epidemiology of severe infections in critically ill patients; infection prevention; education in quality improvement interventions

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Multidrug Resistance represent a major concern for public health and the pressure for hospitals and communities. During the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, antibiotics and antifungals have been extensively used for the management of hospitalized patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. Unintended consequences of antimicrobial overuse include, among others, the increment of resistance and the circulation of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs). On the other hand, the management of hospitalized SARS-CoV-2 patients increases the risk of outbreak due to MDROs for several reasons, including the increased number of patients, increased length of hospital stay, extensive antibiotic use, lack of infection prevention and control measures and interruption of antimicrobial stewardship programs.

In this Special Issue, we encourage colleagues to submit manuscripts related to the multidrug-resistant pathogens and relevant treatment—from hospital to communities. We also welcome manuscripts describing new methods and the adaption or creation of technologies for the study, prevention, and control of multidrug resistance.

Dr. Despoina Koulenti
Prof. Dr. Stijn Blot
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microorganisms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • multidrug resistance
  • antibiotics
  • antifungals
  • multidrug resistant pathogen

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 2949 KiB  
Article
Epidemiology and Resistance Phenotypes of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in Corfu General Hospital (2019–2022): A Comprehensive Time Series Analysis of Resistance Gene Dynamics
by Glykeria Sorovou, Georgios Schinas, Aggeliki Pasxali, Angeliki Tzoukmani, Kyriaki Tryfinopoulou, Charalambos Gogos, George Dimopoulos and Karolina Akinosoglou
Microorganisms 2023, 11(10), 2537; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11102537 - 11 Oct 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1243
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is a significant global health challenge, with Klebsiella pneumoniae being one of the most common antibiotic-resistant pathogens. This study provides an in-depth analysis of the prevalence and resistance patterns of antibiotic-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in the General Hospital of Corfu, Greece, between [...] Read more.
Antimicrobial resistance is a significant global health challenge, with Klebsiella pneumoniae being one of the most common antibiotic-resistant pathogens. This study provides an in-depth analysis of the prevalence and resistance patterns of antibiotic-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in the General Hospital of Corfu, Greece, between 2019 and 2022, with the aim of understanding the potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the epidemiology of this bacterium. Utilizing a retrospective epidemiological approach, this study analyzed 212 isolates obtained from the hospital’s Microbiology Department. These isolates were subjected to genotypic and phenotypic identification, with resistance genes (bla-KPC, bla-NDM, bla-VIM, bla-OXA-48, and mcr-1) and antibiotic resistance patterns as the primary focus. The results revealed a significant shift in resistance gene prevalence, with a notable increase in bla-KPC from 16.67% in 2021 to 58.46% in 2022, and a decrease in bla-NDM from 81.48% in 2021 to 38.46% in 2022. In terms of antibiotic resistance patterns, there was a consistent increase in resistance to amikacin and a significant decrease in resistance to ceftazidime/avibactam. These findings underscore the dynamic nature of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) resistance and highlight the need for ongoing surveillance and adaptive therapeutic strategies in the face of evolving resistance patterns. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multidrug Resistance in the 2020's: A Threat in the Hospital and in the Community)
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Review

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19 pages, 363 KiB  
Review
Antimicrobial Multidrug Resistance: Clinical Implications for Infection Management in Critically Ill Patients
by Gamze Kalın, Emine Alp, Arthur Chouaikhi and Claire Roger
Microorganisms 2023, 11(10), 2575; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11102575 - 16 Oct 2023
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3992
Abstract
The increasing incidence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) worldwide represents a serious threat in the management of sepsis. Due to resistance to the most common antimicrobials prescribed, multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens have been associated with delays in adequate antimicrobial therapy leading to significant increases in [...] Read more.
The increasing incidence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) worldwide represents a serious threat in the management of sepsis. Due to resistance to the most common antimicrobials prescribed, multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens have been associated with delays in adequate antimicrobial therapy leading to significant increases in mortality, along with prolonged hospital length of stay (LOS) and increases in healthcare costs. In response to MDR infections and the delay of microbiological results, broad-spectrum antibiotics are frequently used in empirical antimicrobial therapy. This can contribute to the overuse and misuse of antibiotics, further promoting the development of resistance. Multiple measures have been suggested to combat AMR. This review will focus on describing the epidemiology and trends concerning MDR pathogens. Additionally, it will explore the crucial aspects of identifying patients susceptible to MDR infections and optimizing antimicrobial drug dosing, which are both pivotal considerations in the fight against AMR. Expert commentary: The increasing AMR in ICUs worldwide makes the empirical antibiotic therapy challenging in septic patients. An AMR surveillance program together with improvements in MDR identification based on patient risk stratification and molecular rapid diagnostic tools may further help tailoring antimicrobial therapies and avoid unnecessary broad-spectrum antibiotics. Continuous infusions of antibiotics, therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM)-based dosing regimens and combination therapy may contribute to optimizing antimicrobial therapy and limiting the emergence of resistance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multidrug Resistance in the 2020's: A Threat in the Hospital and in the Community)
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