Microbial Dysbiosis and Approaches to Restore Microbial Homeostasis

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Microbiology and Immunology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 March 2025 | Viewed by 1160

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School of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
Interests: biofilm development and cell dispersion; COPD exacerbation; anti-microbial agent discovery; oral and systemic health linkage
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Microbial dysbiosis is characterized by an imbalance of microbial species and a reduction in microbial diversity relative to the normal state of homeostasis. Dysbiosis results in a decrease of beneficial bacteria (commensal) and correspondingly an increase in bacteria that may be harmful (pathogens). The main factors influencing the composition of a microbiome that may cause dysbiosis include pharmaceuticals, specifically antibiotics, nutrition as well as psychological and physical stress.

In this Special Issue, papers focused on the human microbiome and dysbiosis as manifested in the gastrointestinal tract, the oral cavity and the skin and approaches to restore microbial homeostasis including innovative biomaterials, natural products and chemical and biological methods as well as novel technologies to characterize microbiomes during dysbiosis and homeostasis are of interest.

For this special issue, we invite you to send original or review papers.

Prof. Dr. Zvi Loewy
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • biofilm
  • commensal organisms
  • pathogens
  • inhibition
  • eradication
  • anti-microbials
  • fecal microbial transplant
  • microbiome
  • dysbiosis, natural products

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

18 pages, 2390 KiB  
Article
The Gut Microbiota Is Involved in the Regulation of Cognitive Flexibility in Adolescent BALB/c Mice Exposed to Chronic Physical Stress and a High-Fat Diet
by Cristian Yuriana González, José Antonio Estrada, Rigoberto Oros-Pantoja, María del Carmen Colín-Ferreyra, Alejandra Donaji Benitez-Arciniega, Alexandra Estela Soto Piña and José Félix Aguirre-Garrido
Microorganisms 2024, 12(12), 2542; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12122542 - 10 Dec 2024
Viewed by 787
Abstract
Dysfunction in the prefrontal cortex can lead to cognitive inflexibility due to multifactorial causes as included cardiometabolic disorders, stress, inadequate diets, as well as an imbalance of the gut–brain axis microbiota. However, these risk factors have not been evaluated jointly. The purpose of [...] Read more.
Dysfunction in the prefrontal cortex can lead to cognitive inflexibility due to multifactorial causes as included cardiometabolic disorders, stress, inadequate diets, as well as an imbalance of the gut–brain axis microbiota. However, these risk factors have not been evaluated jointly. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of physical stress (MS: Male Stress and FS: Female Stress) and high-fat diet (MD: Male Diet and FD: Female Diet) supplementation on the gut microbiota and cognitive flexibility. Methods: The study was performed on 47 mice, 30 male (M) and 17 female (F) BALBc, exposed to chronic stress physical (S) and high-fat diet (D). Cognitive flexibility was evaluated using the Attentional Set-Shifting Test (ASST) and the gut microbiota composition in terms of relative abundance (%) and alpha–beta diversity. Results: Results showed that S and D reduced cognitive flexibility in male and female mice (p < 0.0001). Significant changes occurred in Alistipes spp. (MM vs. MS:MD; p < 0.0001), Barnesiella spp. (FC vs. FS; p = 0.0002; FC vs. FD, p = 0.0033); Dorea spp. (MC vs. MD, p = 0.0008; MM vs. MD, p < 0.0001) and Lactobacillus spp. (MC vs. MD and FM vs. FS, p < 0.0001; FM vs. MD, p = 0.0393) genera among groups. Predictive functional analysis (QIIME2 and PICRUSt2) showed a significant increase in the expression of histidine kinase, alanine dehydrogenase, glutamine synthase, glutamate synthase, arginine succinyl synthase, and tryptophan synthase genes (p < 0.05), the latter being a precursor of serotonin (5-HT). Conclusions: Chronic physical stress and a high-fat diet modify cognitive flexibility and the composition and predictive function of the gut microbiota. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbial Dysbiosis and Approaches to Restore Microbial Homeostasis)
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