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Minerals
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Phase Transitions and Physical Properties of Minerals under Extreme Conditions...
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Phase Transitions and Physical Properties of Minerals under Extreme Conditions of Pressure and Temperature

A special issue of Minerals (ISSN 2075-163X). This special issue belongs to the section "Crystallography and Physical Chemistry of Minerals & Nanominerals".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2024 | Viewed by 5662

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Yingwei Fei

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, Washington, DC 20015, USA
Interests: materials properties at high pressure and temperature
Dr. Sally Tracy

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, Washington, DC 20015, USA
Interests: behavior of materials in extreme environments

Special Issue Information

Dear colleagues,

The fast pace of discovery of exoplanets and novel materials at high pressure challenge researchers to expand the pressure-temperature range to probe material properties under extreme conditions. There have been significant advances in static and dynamic compression techniques and increasing prediction power by first-principles simulations. In this Special Issue, we invite researchers to contribute papers related to phase transitions and physical properties of minerals under extreme conditions of pressure and temperature. We welcome contributions on high-pressure method development, results from both static and dynamic compression experiments, theoretical predictions, and modelling. Accepted manuscripts will be published immediately and collected together on the Special Issue homepage.

Dr. Yingwei Fei
Dr. Sally Tracy
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Minerals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • high-pressure phase transitions
  • static compression
  • shockwave
  • super-earth
  • planetary interior
  • physical properties of minerals

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 2013 KiB  
Article
In Situ XRD Measurement for High-Pressure Iron in Laser-Driven Off-Hugoniot State
by Liang Sun, Hao Liu, Xiaoxi Duan, Huan Zhang, Zanyang Guan, Weimin Yang, Xiaokang Feng, Youjun Zhang, Yulong Li, Sanwei Li, Dong Yang, Zhebin Wang, Jiamin Yang, Jin Liu, Wenge Yang, Toshimori Sekine and Zongqing Zhao
Minerals 2024, 14(7), 715; https://doi.org/10.3390/min14070715 - 15 Jul 2024
Viewed by 949
Abstract
The investigation of iron under high pressure and temperatures is crucial to understand the Earth’s core structure and composition and the generation of magnetic fields. Here, we present new in situ XRD measurements for iron in an off-Hugoniot state by laser-driven ramp compression [...] Read more.
The investigation of iron under high pressure and temperatures is crucial to understand the Earth’s core structure and composition and the generation of magnetic fields. Here, we present new in situ XRD measurements for iron in an off-Hugoniot state by laser-driven ramp compression at pressure of 200–238 GPa. The lattice parameters for the hexagonal (hcp)-Fe phase and the c/a ratios were obtained to compare them with previous static and dynamical data, which provides the direct confirmation of such parameters via the different compression paths and strain rates. This work indicates that laser ramp compression can be utilized to provide crystal structure information and direct key information on the crystal structure of Fe at the ultrahigh pressure–temperature conditions relevant for planetology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Phase Transitions and Physical Properties of Minerals under Extreme Conditions of Pressure and Temperature)
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15 pages, 9640 KiB  
Article
Electrical Resistivity and Phase Evolution of Fe–N Binary System at High Pressure and High Temperature
by Yunzhe Wang, Fan Yang, Chunhua Shen, Jing Yang, Xiaojun Hu and Yingwei Fei
Minerals 2024, 14(5), 467; https://doi.org/10.3390/min14050467 - 28 Apr 2024
Viewed by 1063
Abstract
Partitioning experiments and the chemistry of iron meteorites indicate that the light element nitrogen could be sequestered into the metallic core of rocky planets during core–mantle differentiation. The thermal conductivity and the mineralogy of the Fe–N system under core conditions could therefore influence [...] Read more.
Partitioning experiments and the chemistry of iron meteorites indicate that the light element nitrogen could be sequestered into the metallic core of rocky planets during core–mantle differentiation. The thermal conductivity and the mineralogy of the Fe–N system under core conditions could therefore influence the planetary cooling, core crystallization, and evolution of the intrinsic magnetic field of rocky planets. Limited experiments have been conducted to study the thermal properties and phase relations of Fe–N components under planetary core conditions, such as those found in the Moon, Mercury, and Ganymede. In this study, we report results from high-pressure experiments involving electrical resistivity measurements of Fe–N phases at a pressure of 5 GPa and temperatures up to 1400 K. Four Fe–N compositions, including Fe–10%N, Fe–6.4%N, Fe–2%N, and Fe–1%N (by weight percent), were prepared and subjected to recovery experiments at 5 GPa and 1273 K. These experiments show that Fe–10%N and Fe–6.4%N form a single hexagonal close-packed phase (ɛ-nitrides), while Fe–2%N and Fe–1%N exhibit a face-centered cubic structure (γ-Fe). In separate experiments, the resistivity data were collected during the cooling after compressing the starting materials to 5 GPa and heating to ~1400 K. The resistivity of all compositions, similar to the pure γ-Fe, exhibits weak temperature dependence. We found that N has a strong effect on the resistivity of metallic Fe under rocky planetary core conditions compared to other potential light elements such as Si. The temperature-dependence of the resistivity also revealed high-pressure phase transition points in the Fe–N system. A congruent reaction, ε ⇌ γ’, occurs at ~673 K in Fe–6.4%N, which is ~280 K lower than that at ambient pressure. Furthermore, the resistivity data provided constraints on the high-pressure phase boundary of the polymorphic transition, γ ⇌ α, and an eutectoid equilibrium of γ’ ⇌ α + ε. The data, along with the recently reported phase equilibrium experiments at high pressures, enable construction of a phase diagram of the Fe–N binary system at 5 GPa. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Phase Transitions and Physical Properties of Minerals under Extreme Conditions of Pressure and Temperature)
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23 pages, 3152 KiB  
Article
Deformation and Transformation Textures in the NaMgF3 Neighborite—Post-Perovskite System
by Estelle E. Ledoux, Michael Jugle, Stephen Stackhouse and Lowell Miyagi
Minerals 2024, 14(3), 250; https://doi.org/10.3390/min14030250 - 28 Feb 2024
Viewed by 1118
Abstract
The D″ region of the lower mantle, which lies just above the core–mantle boundary, is distinct from the bulk of the lower mantle in that it exhibits complex seismic heterogeneity and seismic anisotropy. Seismic anisotropy in this region is likely to be largely [...] Read more.
The D″ region of the lower mantle, which lies just above the core–mantle boundary, is distinct from the bulk of the lower mantle in that it exhibits complex seismic heterogeneity and seismic anisotropy. Seismic anisotropy in this region is likely to be largely due to the deformation-induced texture (crystallographic preferred orientation) development of the constituent mineral phases. Thus, seismic anisotropy can provide a marker for deformation processes occurring in this dynamic region of the Earth. Post-perovskite-structured (Mg,Fe)SiO3 is believed to be the dominant mineral phase in many regions of the D”. As such, understanding deformation mechanisms and texture development in post-perovskite is important for the interpretation of observed seismic anisotropy. Here, we report on high-pressure diamond anvil cell deformation experiments on NaMgF3 neighborite (perovskite structure) and post-perovskite. During deformation, neighborite develops a 100 texture, as has been previously observed, both in NaMgF3 and MgSiO3 perovskite. Upon transformation to the post-perovskite phase, an initial texture of {130} at high angles to compression is observed, indicating that the {100} planes of perovskite become the ~{130} planes of post-perovskite. Further compression results in the development of a shoulder towards (001) in the inverse pole figure. Plasticity modeling using the elasto-viscoplastic self-consistent code shows this texture evolution to be most consistent with deformation on (001)[100] with some contribution of glide on (100)[010] and (001)<110> in NaMgF3 post-perovskite. The transformation and deformation mechanisms observed in this study in the NaMgF3 system are consistent with the behavior generally observed in other perovskite–post-perovskite systems, including the MgSiO3 system. This shows that NaMgF3 is a good analog for the mantle bridgmanite and MgSiO3 post-perovskite. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Phase Transitions and Physical Properties of Minerals under Extreme Conditions of Pressure and Temperature)
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12 pages, 3721 KiB  
Article
Zagamiite, CaAl2Si3.5O11, the Hexagonal High-Pressure CAS Phase with Dominant Si, as a Mineral from Mars
by Chi Ma, Oliver Tschauner, John R. Beckett, Eran Greenberg and Vitali B. Prakapenka
Minerals 2024, 14(1), 18; https://doi.org/10.3390/min14010018 - 22 Dec 2023
Viewed by 1605
Abstract
Within the Ca-Al-silicate system, dense, layered hexagonal phases occur at high temperatures and pressures between 20 and 23 GPa. They have been observed both in nature and in experiments. In this study, we describe the endmember with a dominant sixfold coordinated Si as [...] Read more.
Within the Ca-Al-silicate system, dense, layered hexagonal phases occur at high temperatures and pressures between 20 and 23 GPa. They have been observed both in nature and in experiments. In this study, we describe the endmember with a dominant sixfold coordinated Si as a mineral zagamiite (IMA 2015-022a). This new mineral identified in Martian meteorites has a general formula of (Ca,Na)(Al,Fe,Mg)2(Si,Al,□)4O11, thus defining CaAl2Si3.5O11 as a previously unknown endmember of the hexagonal CAS phases. Zagamiite assumes space group P63/mmc with a unit cell of a = 5.403(2) Å, c = 12.77(3) Å, V = 322.9(11) Å3, and Z = 2. Zagamiite contains significant Fe and Mg and a substantial deficit of Na relative to plagioclase of an equivalent Al/Si, suggesting that it was formed through crystallization from a melt that was derived from a plagioclase-dominant mixture of plagioclase and clinopyroxene above the solidus beyond 20 GPa. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Phase Transitions and Physical Properties of Minerals under Extreme Conditions of Pressure and Temperature)
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