Applications of Clay-Based Materials

A special issue of Minerals (ISSN 2075-163X). This special issue belongs to the section "Clays and Engineered Mineral Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2024) | Viewed by 4474

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Academic Unit of Cabo de Santo Agostinho, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Cabo de Santo Agostinho 54589-899, Brazil
Interests: engineering; nanomaterials; soil; mineralogy; drug delivery; agriculture; biology; medicine; biotechnology; pharmacology; adsorption; photocatalysis; pigments; plastics; cosmetics; solar cells
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Academic Unit of Cabo de Santo Agostinho, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Cabo de Santo Agostinho 54589-899, Brazil
Interests: engineering; nanomaterials; soil; mineralogy; drug delivery; agriculture; biology; medicine; biotechnology; pharmacology; adsorption; photocatalysis; pigments; plastics; cosmetics; solar cells
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Clays and clay minerals have unique properties, such as high surface areas, ion exchange capacities, and adsorption capacities, making them highly desirable materials for various applications. Additionally, the structures of these minerals can be easily modified by adding organic or inorganic compounds, enhancing their interactions with guest molecules. This versatility makes them suitable for use in numerous fields, including environmental remediation, biology, chemistry, pharmacy, medicine, and biochemistry, and they are increasingly valuable in research. This Special Issue of Minerals welcomes papers, full-length articles, review articles, or short communications on "Applications of Clay-Based Materials". This Special Issue encompasses all areas of clay-based materials, including their applications in engineering, nanomaterials, soil, mineralogy, drug delivery, agriculture, biology, medicine, biotechnology, pharmacology, adsorption, photocatalysis, pigments, plastics, cosmetics, and solar cells. This Special Issue welcomes studies on recent developments in clay- and clay-mineral-based materials, and invites manuscripts covering various topics, such as, but not limited to, the following:

  1. New nanocomposites or hybrids derived from clays and clay minerals.
  2. Interactions of clays and clay minerals with polymers and biopolymers.
  3. Use of clays, clay minerals, and their derivatives in environmental remediation.
  4. Use of clays, clay minerals, and their derivatives in biological applications.
  5. Use of clays, clay minerals, and their derivatives in agricultural applications.
  6. Use of clays, clay minerals and their derivatives in biotechnological applications.
  7. Organic–clay/clay minerals composites.
  8. Inorganic–clay/clay minerals composites.

Dr. Pollyana Trigueiro
Prof. Dr. Ramón Raudel Peña Garcia
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • clays
  • clay minerals
  • nanocomposites
  • hybrid materials
  • adsorption
  • photocatalysis
  • biological applications
  • drug delivery systems
  • agricultural applications

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 5566 KiB  
Article
High Performance of Ciprofloxacin Removal Using Heterostructure Material Based on the Combination of CeO2 and Palygorskite Fibrous Clay
by Vanessa N. S. Campos, Josefa D. J. P. Santos, Rebecca J. P. Araújo, Pedro H. S. Lopes, Marco A. S. Garcia, Alex Rojas, Mayara M. Teixeira, Cícero W. B. Bezerra and Ana C. S. Alcântara
Minerals 2024, 14(8), 792; https://doi.org/10.3390/min14080792 - 31 Jul 2024
Viewed by 889
Abstract
Ciprofloxacin, a second-generation fluoroquinolone, is widely used in human and veterinary medicine. However, it is known for its environmental persistence and ability to promote bacterial resistance, causing genotoxic impacts and chronic toxicity in various aquatic life forms. Adsorption is an effective technique for [...] Read more.
Ciprofloxacin, a second-generation fluoroquinolone, is widely used in human and veterinary medicine. However, it is known for its environmental persistence and ability to promote bacterial resistance, causing genotoxic impacts and chronic toxicity in various aquatic life forms. Adsorption is an effective technique for water treatment, removing multiple organic molecules, even in minimal concentrations. Hybrid materials based on fibrous clay minerals, such as palygorskite, are promising for environmental remediation, significantly when modified with oxides to improve their adsorption properties. This work prepared and characterized a CeO2/palygorskite hybrid material using various physicochemical techniques (XRD, FTIR, BET, SEM), which indicated the formation of the heterostructure material with interesting textural properties. This CeO2/palygorskite was evaluated as an adsorbent of the antibiotic drug ciprofloxacin. The influence of pH (3, 7, and 9) and ciprofloxacin concentration (6, 8, 10, and 14 ppm) on adsorption were studied, using pseudo-first- and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. The pseudo-second-order model showed the best fit (R2 > 0.99) and the lowest squared error (SSE), indicating chemisorption. The Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherms were applied to the experimental data, where the Langmuir model had the best fit, indicating monolayer adsorption with a maximum capacity of 15 mg·g−1. Post-adsorption characterization by FTIR confirmed the structural stability of the material, highlighting its promising application in environmental remediation due to its high concentration of adsorbents. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Clay-Based Materials)
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16 pages, 7601 KiB  
Article
Surface-Functionalized Nano-Montmorillonite and Its Application as Crude Oil Flow Improver
by Kechen Liu, Michal Slaný, Alena Golian-Struhárová, Hailong Wang, Liyuan Zhang, Jiyou Fu, Gang Chen and Yingna Du
Minerals 2024, 14(7), 696; https://doi.org/10.3390/min14070696 - 8 Jul 2024
Viewed by 883
Abstract
In view of the problem of poor flowability in the production and transportation of high-wax crude oil and high-viscosity crude oil, crude oil flow improvers are commonly used to reduce their viscosity and pour point. Although polymer-based crude oil flow improvers are highly [...] Read more.
In view of the problem of poor flowability in the production and transportation of high-wax crude oil and high-viscosity crude oil, crude oil flow improvers are commonly used to reduce their viscosity and pour point. Although polymer-based crude oil flow improvers are highly effective in improving crude oil flowability, there are still problems such as high cost and the need for a large amount of solvent dilution when used. In this work, highly dispersed organic modified nano-montmorillonite was prepared by using Na-based montmorillonite and quaternary ammonium salts, and the influencing factors on the viscosity of the crude oil were investigated. The most effective modified nano-montmorillonite (B@MMT) can reduce the viscosity by 96.7% (21 °C) and depress the pour point by 15 °C. Furthermore, it has shown a high improvement in flowability in the other four different sources of crude oil, with viscosity reduction rates of 52.2, 93.4, 79.1 and 67.4%, respectively. B@MMT was characterized by FTIR, SEM, zeta potential and contact angle. Based on DSC and wax crystal structure analysis, the mechanism of the influence of B@MMT on crude oil viscosity and pour point was explored. Finally, the cost of B@MMT was estimated, and the result shows that, compared with the crude oil flow improver in use, B@MMT has considerable commercial competitive advantages. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Clay-Based Materials)
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16 pages, 3953 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of the Durability of Concrete with the Use of Calcined Clays and Limestone in Salinas, Ecuador
by Juan Francisco Garces-Vargas, Yosvany Díaz-Cardenas and Jose Fernando Martirena Hernandez
Minerals 2024, 14(5), 460; https://doi.org/10.3390/min14050460 - 26 Apr 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1034
Abstract
This study aims at the evaluation of different formulations of concrete made with calcined clays and limestone (LC3 cement) exposed to aggressive environments. The study includes the evaluation of fresh and hardened properties and a comprehensive evaluation of durability over 24 months. The [...] Read more.
This study aims at the evaluation of different formulations of concrete made with calcined clays and limestone (LC3 cement) exposed to aggressive environments. The study includes the evaluation of fresh and hardened properties and a comprehensive evaluation of durability over 24 months. The inclusion of calcined clays in cement increases the specific surface area of the cements, and thus the water demand. However, the high reactivity of calcined clays compared to any other pozzolan, and the synergy that occurs with limestones, enables the use of cements with very low clinker content that achieve strengths similar to those of Portland. Comparisons of LC3 formulations with Portland cement and with concrete containing silica fume prove the superiority of calcined clays in terms of strength and durability. The best results are obtained with LC3-50 cement with 50% clinker produced through co-grinding. Results of concrete made with a blend of 70% Portland cement with 30% LC2 (60% calcined clay, 35% limestone, 5% gypsum, separate ground) are also promising. All concretes made with LC3 show good durability in terms of the results of effective porosity, chloride permeability, and resistivity tests. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Clay-Based Materials)
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Review

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27 pages, 2235 KiB  
Review
Clay Minerals and Biopolymers in Film Design: Overview of Properties and Applications
by Pollyana Trigueiro, Juliane P. de L. Pereira, Mirelly G. Ferreira, Lucas B. Silva, Luan Neves and Ramón R. Peña-Garcia
Minerals 2024, 14(6), 613; https://doi.org/10.3390/min14060613 - 15 Jun 2024
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Abstract
Research to replace petroleum-based plastics has been quite challenging. Currently, there is a lot of interest in biopolymers as an alternative. However, biopolymers do not have suitable mechanical properties when in film form, which limits their applications. To resolve this issue, clay minerals [...] Read more.
Research to replace petroleum-based plastics has been quite challenging. Currently, there is a lot of interest in biopolymers as an alternative. However, biopolymers do not have suitable mechanical properties when in film form, which limits their applications. To resolve this issue, clay minerals are being incorporated as a strategy. Clay minerals offer the films good barrier, thermal, rheological, optical, and mechanical properties. They can also work with other additives to promote antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. This brief review focuses on incorporating clay minerals with other nanofillers and bioactives to improve their physical, chemical, and functional characteristics. The synergy of these materials gives the films exceptional properties and makes them suitable for applications such as food coatings, packaging materials, dressings, and bandages for treating skin wounds. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Clay-Based Materials)
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