Mineral Deposits, Geotectonic Evolution and Mineralogical and Geochemical Characterization of Iberian Pyrite Belt—State of the Art

A special issue of Minerals (ISSN 2075-163X). This special issue belongs to the section "Mineral Geochemistry and Geochronology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2024 | Viewed by 1768

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
LNEG (National Laboratory for Energy and Geology), Mineral Resources and Geophysics Research Unit, Bairro de Val d'Oca, 7601-909 Aljustrel, Portugal
Interests: U-Pb geochronology in zircons; mineral exploration; field mapping

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Guest Editor
LNEG (National Laboratory for Energy and Geology), Mineral Resources and Geophysics Research Unit, Estrada da Portela, Bairro do Zambujal, Apartado 7586, 2610-999 Amadora, Portugal
Interests: exploration geochemistry; mineral resources; geochemical mapping; predictive mapping

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IGME-CSIC—Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, Plaza de la Constitución, 1, 37001 Salamanca, Spain
Interests: geochronology; isotope chemistry; ore deposits

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Iberian Pyrite Belt metallogenic province has long been explored/exploited for massive sulfides and associated minerals. The Cu-Pb-Zn ore bodies positioning in the regional stratigraphic column and the associated tectonic models are nowadays well established in most locations around the province. Nevertheless, identification of mineralized ore lenses and ore deposits models have benefit from geochemistry advances and geochronological studies to identify precise chronostratigraphic-based ore horizons with great focusing on mineral exploration purposes. Both sediment- and volcanic-hosted ore horizons have been studied from isotope geochemistry point of view with the same purpose of searching and identify new findings. Due to intense exploration geophysical campaigns in the last tens of years new finding above 200–300 meters depth may be unexpected, being the 500–1000 meters depth or more the present exploration depth threshold. Therefore, front line research in countless mineral deposits geology issues is extremely relevant to formulate, improve and constrict geological models.

Having all these triggered questions in mind we invite all researchers with experience in the Iberian Pyrite Belt geology to submit their recent works, analytical techniques, new findings, or a state of the art in particular geological aspects of this province.

Dr. Luís Albardeiro
Dr. Maria João Batista
Dr. Alejandro Díez-Montes
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • iberian pyrite belt
  • ore horizons
  • radiometric dating
  • whole rock geochemistry
  • mineral geochemistry
  • geological models

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

34 pages, 16162 KiB  
Review
Updating Geological Information about the Metallogenesis of the Iberian Pyrite Belt
by Reinaldo Sáez, Felipe González, Teodosio Donaire, Manuel Toscano, Lola Yesares, Gabriel Ruiz de Almodóvar and Carmen Moreno
Minerals 2024, 14(9), 860; https://doi.org/10.3390/min14090860 - 24 Aug 2024
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Abstract
The Iberian Pyrite Belt (IPB) represents one of the largest districts of volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposits in the world, and is a critical source of base metals (Cu, Pb, and Zn) for Europe. Confirmed resources exceed 1700 Mt of massive sulfides with [...] Read more.
The Iberian Pyrite Belt (IPB) represents one of the largest districts of volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposits in the world, and is a critical source of base metals (Cu, Pb, and Zn) for Europe. Confirmed resources exceed 1700 Mt of massive sulfides with grades of around 1.2% Cu, 1% Pb, and 3% Zn as well as more than 300 Mt of stockwork-type copper mineralization. Significant resources of Sn, precious metals (Au and Ag), and critical metals (Co, Bi, Sb, In, and Se) have also been evaluated. The genesis of these deposits is related to a complex geological evolution during the late Devonian and Mississippian periods. The geological record of such evolution is represented by three main lithological units: Phyllite–Quartzite Group, the volcano–sedimentary Complex (VSC), and the so-called Culm Group. The sulfide deposits are located in the VSC, associated with felsic volcanic rocks or sedimentary rocks such as black shales. The massive sulfide deposits occur as tabular bodies and replacement masses associated with both volcanic and sedimentary rocks. Their mineralogical composition is relatively simple, dominated by pyrite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, and galena. Their origin is related to three evolutionary stages at increasing temperatures, and a subsequent stage associated with the Variscan deformation. The present paper summarizes the latest developments in the IPB and revises research areas requiring further investigation. Full article
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