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Sedimentary Basins: Sedimentation, Stratigraphy, Petrology and Tectonics
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Sedimentary Basins: Sedimentation, Stratigraphy, Petrology and Tectonics

A special issue of Minerals (ISSN 2075-163X). This special issue belongs to the section "Mineral Geochemistry and Geochronology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2024 | Viewed by 4415

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Yong Sik Gihm

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Earth System Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
Interests: sedimentary basins; sedimentology; basin analysis; geological processes
Dr. Taejin Choi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Earth Science Education, Korea National University of Education, Cheongju 28173, Republic of Korea
Interests: detrital zircon; provenance; sedimentary basin
Dr. Byung Choon Lee

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Earth and Environment Sciences, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
Interests: high-grade metamorphism; Precambrian geology; tectonic evolution

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Sedimentary basins are considered natural containers, gradually or catastrophically filled with sediments derived from nearby source regions. Understanding depositional processes in various depositional environments, resulting architecture and stacking patterns, and controlling autogenic processes is crucial for the development of underground reservoirs. In addition, the origin, transport media, and accommodation space of sediments are genetically related with global climate changes, thus studying sediments and sedimentary rocks are important to unravel paleoclimatic changes and predict future directions. Lastly, sedimentary basins can be formed in all kinds of tectonic circumstance, and source to sink systems are closely related with temporal changes in plate motions and concomitant paleogeographic evolutions. Therefore, studying the sediment archives as well as their inclusion (e.g., minerals and fossils) is the first step to unravel the evolutions of the Earth’s surface. Although understanding of sedimentary basins and their sedimentation have improved in recent decades qualitatively and quantitatively, via detailed field examination, laboratory experiments, and numerical modeling, there are still unresolved problems to overcome which are inherent to the limitations of sediments and sedimentary rocks.

This Special Issue, titled “Sedimentary Basins: Sedimentation, Stratigraphy, Petrology, and Tectonics”, was proposed to improve our understanding of the formation and evolution of sedimentary basins and their sedimentation as well as associated plate tectonics and past climate changes. This Special Issue focuses on sedimentation, paleogeographic changes, and resulting stratigraphic evolution which have occurred or are occurring in all types of sedimentary basins. In addition, this Special Issue aims to collate works focusing on igneous and metamorphic rocks genetically related with basin-forming or -destructing and crustal deformation. Contributions studying analytical methods targeting sediments and sedimentary rocks are also welcomed.

Dr. Yong Sik Gihm
Dr. Taejin Choi
Dr. Byung Choon Lee
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Minerals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • drainage basins
  • depositional environments
  • subsidence
  • partial melting
  • metamorphism
  • deformation

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 6320 KiB  
Article
Fluidal Peperites Recorded in the Cretaceous Lacustrine Sediments in the Southern Korean Peninsula: Syn-Magmatic Sediment Fluidization and Its Influence on the Peperite Formation
by Min-Cheol Kim and Yong Sik Gihm
Minerals 2024, 14(9), 951; https://doi.org/10.3390/min14090951 - 20 Sep 2024
Viewed by 520
Abstract
This study assessed the influence of sediment and water redistribution in host sediments on peperite formation by examining the peperites at the boundary between Cretaceous lacustrine sedimentary successions and intruding dikes (D1 and D2). The peperite zones occur along the dike margins and [...] Read more.
This study assessed the influence of sediment and water redistribution in host sediments on peperite formation by examining the peperites at the boundary between Cretaceous lacustrine sedimentary successions and intruding dikes (D1 and D2). The peperite zones occur along the dike margins and consist of fluidal juvenile fragments, classified as Type A and Type B perperite zones based on lateral extent of the peperite zones. Type A peperite zone, the dominant type, exhibites a narrow distribution (<20 cm), whereas Type B peperite zone sporadically occurs along D1 with a wider width (<1 m). Type B peperite zone is laterally linked with clastic dikes. These dikes containi fluidal shaped dike fragments with jigsaw-fit textures, indicating syn-magmatic fluidization and the resultant formation of the clastic dike via heat transfer. During dike emplacement, the interaction between the host sediments and the intruding magma formed Type A along the margins. Simultaneously, the clastic dikes, composed of fluidized sediments and water, supplied additional water and sediments, enhancing magma-host sediment intermingling and leading to the wide lateral extent of Type B. Our findings demonstrate that sediment and water redistribution via syn-magmatic fluidization is crucial in peperite formation, influencing the initial processes of phreatomagmatic volcanism. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sedimentary Basins: Sedimentation, Stratigraphy, Petrology and Tectonics)
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19 pages, 4777 KiB  
Article
Dynamic Climate Influence on Magnesium Isotope Variation in Saline Lacustrine Dolomite: A Case Study of the Qianjiang Formation, Jianghan Basin
by Tianyu Wang, Kun Ling, Ren Wei and Lin Dong
Minerals 2024, 14(5), 459; https://doi.org/10.3390/min14050459 - 26 Apr 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 940
Abstract
The investigation of magnesium (Mg) isotopes in dolomite has mainly focused on marine dolomite environments, leaving a significant gap in the understanding of their dynamics within lacustrine settings, especially in saline lake basins. In this study, a total of 16 sediment core samples [...] Read more.
The investigation of magnesium (Mg) isotopes in dolomite has mainly focused on marine dolomite environments, leaving a significant gap in the understanding of their dynamics within lacustrine settings, especially in saline lake basins. In this study, a total of 16 sediment core samples from Well BX-7 in the Qianjiang Depression were sequentially selected for scanning electron microscope observation, whole-rock analysis for major and minor elements, and isotopic measurements including δ18Ocarb, δ13Ccarb, δ26Mgdol, and δ26MgSi. In addition, two intact cores were subjected to detailed analysis on the centimeter scale. Sedimentation models were established to elucidate dolomite formation under contrasting climatic conditions, specifically humid climates with a significant riverine Mg input versus relatively dry conditions with a lower Mg input. Furthermore, a quantitative model was developed to assess the magnesium flux and isotopic mass balance within lacustrine systems, simulating the magnesium isotope variations in lake water under different climatic scenarios. The dolomite sample data at a smaller scale (sampling interval ≈ 3~5 mm) demonstrate a consistent trend with the established model, providing additional confirmation of its reliability. Dolomite precipitated under humid climatic conditions exhibits a lower and relatively stable δ26Mgdol, lower δ18O, and higher CIA, indicating higher river inputs and relatively stable Mg isotope values of lake water controlled by river input. Nevertheless, dolomite formed under relatively dry climatic conditions shows a relatively high δ26Mgdol, higher δ18O, and lower CIA, suggesting reduced river inputs and weathering intensity, as well as relatively high magnesium isotope values of the lake water controlled by dolomite precipitation. This study contributes to the understanding of magnesium isotopes in lacustrine dolomite systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sedimentary Basins: Sedimentation, Stratigraphy, Petrology and Tectonics)
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17 pages, 17521 KiB  
Article
The Ordovician Arc–Basin System in the Northern Great Xing’an Range (Northeast China): Constraints from Provenance Analysis of the Luohe Formation
by Liyang Li, Chuanheng Zhang and Zhiqiang Feng
Minerals 2024, 14(3), 258; https://doi.org/10.3390/min14030258 - 29 Feb 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 971
Abstract
The Northeast China Block is a major component of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt, and its tectonic evolution has attracted much research attention. Ordovician strata are important in reconstructing the tectonic evolution of the Northeast China Block. This paper presents the results of [...] Read more.
The Northeast China Block is a major component of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt, and its tectonic evolution has attracted much research attention. Ordovician strata are important in reconstructing the tectonic evolution of the Northeast China Block. This paper presents the results of sedimentological, zircon U–Pb, and geochemical analyses of sandstones of the Luohe Formation in the Wunuer area, Northern Great Xing’an Range, Northeast China. Lithological data, sedimentary structures, and grain-size analysis indicate that the Luohe Formation was deposited in a shallow marine environment. Detrital zircon U–Pb dating yields age peaks of 463, 504, 783, 826, 973, and 1882 Ma for sandstones from the Luohe Formation. The youngest zircon grain age of 451 ± 6 Ma represents the maximum depositional age of the Luohe Formation. The peak age at 463 Ma is consistent with the timing of post-collisional magmatism and the formation of the Duobaoshan island arc, while the peak at 504 Ma is consistent with the timing of magmatic activity related to the collision between the Erguna and Xing’an blocks. The peaks at 788, 826, 973, and 1882 Ma correspond to magmatism in the Erguna block, these ages indicate that the sandstones of the Luohe Formation were derived mainly from the Erguna block. Sandstone modal compositional analysis indicates that the provenance of the Luohe Formation was mainly a magmatic arc. The geochemical compositions of the sandstones suggest that the source rocks have continental island arc signatures. Based on the depositional age, sedimentary environment, provenance, and regional geology, it is concluded that the Luohe Formation was deposited in a back-arc basin setting during the formation of the Duobaoshan island arc–basin system in response to subduction of the Paleo-Asian oceanic plate. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sedimentary Basins: Sedimentation, Stratigraphy, Petrology and Tectonics)
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23 pages, 9477 KiB  
Article
Sedimentary Characteristics and Depositional Model of the Paleogene Dawenkou Formation in Eastern China: Insights from the Huanggang Depression
by Wentao Chen, Dawei Lv, John I. Ejembi, Bin Yang, Cuiyu Song, Zhenguo Ning, Lulu Tang, Zhihui Zhang and Haibo Jia
Minerals 2024, 14(2), 131; https://doi.org/10.3390/min14020131 - 25 Jan 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1068
Abstract
The Huanggang depression in eastern China is a significant Cenozoic salt-bearing basin that formed during the alternating dry and wet climate periods from the Eocene to the Oligocene. Despite the economic importance of the Huanggang depression, its saliferous model remains controversial. To address [...] Read more.
The Huanggang depression in eastern China is a significant Cenozoic salt-bearing basin that formed during the alternating dry and wet climate periods from the Eocene to the Oligocene. Despite the economic importance of the Huanggang depression, its saliferous model remains controversial. To address this issue, we conducted comprehensive analyses of the sedimentology and elemental geochemistry on the YZR1 borehole core, which hosts a relatively complete sedimentary record of the Huanggang depression, consisting of five lithofacies’ assemblages. The combined lithofacies and geochemical ratios, including B/Ga, Sr/Ba, and V/(V + Ni), provide insights into the paleolake’s evolution in the Huanggang depression. Our analyses indicated that the paleolake underwent a transition from a freshwater lake to a brackish water/saline lake, subsequently transforming into a salt lake, reverting back to a brackish water/saline lake, and ultimately returning to its original state as a freshwater lake. These changes are reflected in the sedimentary record and inform the six stages of evolution of the paleolake of the Dawenkou Formation. We propose two metallogenic models to explain the accumulation of the thick halite (LA1) and thin halite layers (LA2), respectively. LA1 is primarily dominated by halite deposition, forming in an extremely shallow water environment under arid climate conditions. In contrast, LA2 records the alternating deposition of halite, anhydrite, and mudstone, and formed in a shallow water environment under arid to semi-arid climatic conditions. LA1 has a much drier climate and higher salinity than LA2. Our results suggest that the salt-forming period in the Huanggang depression occurred from the late Eocene to the early Oligocene. The halite in the Huanggang depression formed in a shallow water environment, providing the basis for the halite deposition model of the depression. This study sheds light on the formation mechanism of halite in the Paleogene in eastern China. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sedimentary Basins: Sedimentation, Stratigraphy, Petrology and Tectonics)
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