Mineral Deposits of Critical Elements, Volume II

A special issue of Minerals (ISSN 2075-163X). This special issue belongs to the section "Mineral Geochemistry and Geochronology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (29 July 2022) | Viewed by 2014

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Departament de Mineralogia, Petrologia i Geologia Aplicada, Facultat de Geologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Martí i Franquès s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
Interests: mineralogy; mineral deposits; critical elements
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The strategic and economic interests in some critical elements have drastically increased in the last few years. However, these growing interests have been often decoupled from the enhancement of our understanding of the associated mineral deposits. For many years, what are meant nowadays strategic commodities had been considered mineralogical oddities and less-than-desirable published information exists about the mechanisms of concentration of these elements in nature. Most potential ore minerals are unfamiliar to most geologists, the mineralogy of some important deposits is not well characterized, and even some phases are not established as mineral species yet. A better understanding of the mechanisms of concentration of critical elements and their mineralogical expression will favour their exploration and the development of improved mineral processing schemes. Therefore, the aim of this Special Issue is to provide a contribution to the state of the art of the ore deposits hosting critical elements, mainly from a mineralogical point of view.

Dr. Joan Carles Melgarejo Draper
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • ore deposits
  • critical elements
  • critical raw materials
  • model
  • mineralogy
  • mineral characterization
  • mineral assemblage
  • fluid inclusions
  • isotopes
  • geochemistry
  • Nb
  • Ta
  • Li
  • Be
  • Ga
  • In
  • Ge
  • W
  • Sb
  • REE
  • Co
  • PGE

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

18 pages, 14867 KiB  
Article
Insights into the Ore Genesis of the Harla Gold Deposit in Eastern Tianshan, NW China: Evidence from Geology, Fluid Inclusions, and H-O-C-S-Pb Isotopes
by Chuan Chen, Shunda Li, Fang Xia, Lingling Gao and Xuebing Zhang
Minerals 2022, 12(7), 793; https://doi.org/10.3390/min12070793 - 22 Jun 2022
Viewed by 1589
Abstract
The Harla gold deposit is located on the eastern segment of the Kanggur-Huangshan ductile shear belt in Eastern Tianshan, on the southern margin of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt. The orebodies show close spatial association with NEE-trending faults and are hosted in volcanic [...] Read more.
The Harla gold deposit is located on the eastern segment of the Kanggur-Huangshan ductile shear belt in Eastern Tianshan, on the southern margin of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt. The orebodies show close spatial association with NEE-trending faults and are hosted in volcanic rocks of the Lower Carboniferous Xiaorequanzi Formation. Three mineralization stages were recognized: an early stage characterized by specularite–pyrite–quartz mineralization, an intermediate stage with pyrite–chalcopyrite–gold–quartz genesis, and a late stage defined by sulfide-poor calcite and quartz veins. Three types of fluid inclusions (FIs) were recognized: daughter mineral-bearing triphase FIs (S-type), liquid-dominated biphase FIs (LV-type), and liquid-only monophase FIs (L-type). S- and LV-type FIs entrapped in the early stage show similar homogenization temperatures (Th) at 216–229 °C and 199–222 °C. However, they display contrasting salinities of 32.2–33.4 and 6.7–8.9 wt.% NaCl eqv., respectively. LV-type FIs entrapped in the intermediate stage display Th of 163–191 °C, with salinities of 5.6–7.4 wt.% NaCl eqv. LV-type FIs occur in the late stage display Th of 135–258 °C and salinities of 3.7–5.6 wt.% NaCl eqv. Insights from hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon isotope analyses (δ18OH2O = −10.7 to 3.3‰, δDH2O = −88.1 to −61.4‰, δ13CH2O = −8.9 to −6.2‰), combined with FI characteristics, indicate that the ore-forming fluids were derived from a hybrid source of magmatic and meteoric water, with the latter becoming dominant in the later stage. Sulfide and lead isotopic compositions (δ34Spyrite = 0.2 to 2.5‰, 206Pb/204Pb = 17.709–18.273, 207Pb/204Pb = 15.483–15.569, 208Pb/204Pb = 37.533–37.754) suggest that ore-forming materials were mainly derived from wall rocks (Xiaorequanzi Formation rocks and plagiogranite). By integrating geological background work and fluid inclusion analyses, as well as isotope data, we conclude that the Harla gold deposit is an epithermal-type deposit. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mineral Deposits of Critical Elements, Volume II)
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