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Lithium-Ion Batteries: Recent Advances and Future Opportunities in Chemistry

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2023) | Viewed by 6440

Special Issue Editors

Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Lorry I. Lokey Laboratory, 337 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
Interests: Li-ion batteries; alkali‐metal batteries; electrode materials; electrolyte materials; electrochemistry; functional materials

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Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Lorry I. Lokey Laboratory, 337 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
Interests: battery; energy storage; electrochemistry; materials; synthesis

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Guest Editor
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
Interests: strengthening and toughening of ceramics; ultra-high temperature ceramics; porous ceramics; ceramic membrane and coatings; solid-state electrolytes; electrode materials for supercapacitors; lithium-ion batteries

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Rechargeable Li-ion battery systems with high energy density and high safety have been intensely explored in the past decade, driven by wide-ranging demands for consumer electronics, electric automotive industry, and grid energy storage. The development of new materials and chemistry technologies for Li-ion batteries is the focus of research throughout the world. However, their theoretical limit and safety issues cannot satisfy the increasing demand for wide application. In addition, the outstanding obstacles to commercialization, including low energy density, poor rate capability, and limited life cycle, are still prevalent due to the poor electronic conductivity of the electrodes and unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). Therefore, an in-depth understanding of battery chemistry and electrochemical mechanisms is a key aspect to developing next-generation Li-ion batteries to cope with such high energy demand in the energy storage market.

To address these challenges and promote the commercialization of Li-ion batteries, this Special Issue is designed to gather scientific papers on engineered and functionalized new cathodes; new anode materials and anode structures; design of surface chemistry of electrodes; anode–electrolyte interfaces; solid-state and anode-free Li batteries; design of new organic and ionic liquid electrolytes; understanding of battery chemistry and electrochemical mechanisms.

Dr. Peng Liang
Dr. Guanzhou Zhu
Prof. Dr. Chang-an Wang
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • Li-ion batteries
  • battery chemistry
  • battery materials
  • long-cycle life
  • battery safety

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 9331 KiB  
Article
Facile Synthesis of Co Nanoparticles Embedded in N-Doped Carbon Nanotubes/Graphitic Nanosheets as Bifunctional Electrocatalysts for Electrocatalytic Water Splitting
by Wei Yang, Han Li, Pengzhang Li, Linhua Xie, Yumin Liu, Zhenbao Cao, Chuanjin Tian, Chang-An Wang and Zhipeng Xie
Molecules 2023, 28(18), 6709; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28186709 - 20 Sep 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1227
Abstract
Developing robust and cost-effective electrocatalysts to boost hydrogen evolution reactions (HERs) and oxygen evolution reactions (OERs) is crucially important to electrocatalytic water splitting. Herein, bifunctional electrocatalysts, by coupling Co nanoparticles and N-doped carbon nanotubes/graphitic nanosheets (Co@NCNTs/NG), were successfully synthesized via facile high-temperature pyrolysis [...] Read more.
Developing robust and cost-effective electrocatalysts to boost hydrogen evolution reactions (HERs) and oxygen evolution reactions (OERs) is crucially important to electrocatalytic water splitting. Herein, bifunctional electrocatalysts, by coupling Co nanoparticles and N-doped carbon nanotubes/graphitic nanosheets (Co@NCNTs/NG), were successfully synthesized via facile high-temperature pyrolysis and evaluated for water splitting. The morphology and particle size of products were influenced by the precursor type of the cobalt source (cobalt oxide or cobalt nitrate). The pyrolysis product prepared using cobalt oxide as a cobalt source (Co@NCNTs/NG-1) exhibited the smaller particle size and higher specific surface area than that of the pyrolysis products prepared using cobalt nitrate as a cobalt source (Co@NCNTs/NG-2). Notably, Co@NCNTs/NG-1 displayed much lower potential −0.222 V vs. RHE for HER and 1.547 V vs. RHE for OER at the benchmark current density of 10 mA cm−2 than that of Co@NCNTs/NG-2, which indicates the higher bifunctional catalytic activities of Co@NCNTs/NG-1. The water-splitting device using Co@NCNTs/NG-1 as both an anode and cathode demonstrated a potential of 1.92 V to attain 10 mA cm−2 with outstanding stability for 100 h. This work provides a facile pyrolysis strategy to explore highly efficient and stable bifunctional electrocatalysts for water splitting. Full article
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Review

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20 pages, 5050 KiB  
Review
The Recycling of Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries: Crucial Flotation for the Separation of Cathode and Anode Materials
by Xuesong Ma, Peng Ge, Lisha Wang, Wei Sun, Yongjie Bu, Miaomiao Sun and Yue Yang
Molecules 2023, 28(10), 4081; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28104081 - 13 May 2023
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 4647
Abstract
The recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) has attracted great attention, mainly because of its significant impact on resource recycling and environmental protection. Currently, the processes involved in recovering valuable metals from spent LIBs have shown remarkable progress, but little attention has been [...] Read more.
The recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) has attracted great attention, mainly because of its significant impact on resource recycling and environmental protection. Currently, the processes involved in recovering valuable metals from spent LIBs have shown remarkable progress, but little attention has been paid to the effective separation of spent cathode and anode materials. Significantly, it not only can reduce the difficulty in the subsequent processing of spent cathode materials, but also contribute to the recovery of graphite. Considering the difference in their chemical properties on the surface, flotation is an effective method to separate materials, owing to its low-cost and eco-friendly characteristics. In this paper, the chemical principles of flotation separation for spent cathodes and materials from spent LIBs is summarized first. Then, the research progress in flotation separation of various spent cathode materials (LiCoO2, LiNixCoyMnzO2, and LiFePO4) and graphite is summarized. Given this, the work is expected to offer the significant reviews and insights about the flotation separation for high-value recycling of spent LIBs. Full article
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