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Organic Light Emitting Diodes
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Organic Light Emitting Diodes

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Photochemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 September 2016) | Viewed by 47782

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Jwo-Huei Jou

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsin-chu, Taiwan
Interests: high-efficiency; long lifetime; natural-light-style and omni friendly organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs)
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) have attracted increasing attention due to their outstanding performance in high quality displays and lighting applications. Burgeoning OLED technology is comprised with disruptive characteristics, such as planar, soft, transparent, fully dimmable, flexible, printable, natural light-style, human-friendly, energy saving, etc. Several scientific and technological efforts have continuously been made not only to stimulate the commercialization but also provide better display and illumination products to the world. Still, there is blank to fill up with a more competitive OLED technology from lighting perspectives. Hence, we are hoping to publish special issue to gather significant contributions from OLED researchers and experts. This Special Issue aims to offer a platform for latest design strategy of organic molecules, synthesis process, fabrication routes of OLED devices, and approaches for high efficiency and long life time. The manuscripts may be but not limited to these topics, such as efficient OLED materials, efficient OLED devices, status of white or monochromatic OLEDs, tandem OLEDs, PIN OLEDs, blue OLEDs, transparent OLEDs, transparent/flexible/wearable OLEDs, printable OLEDs, approaches for long lifetime OELDs, etc.

Prof. Jwo-Huei Jou
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • organic light emitting diode
  • OLED display
  • OLED lighting
  • flexible, wearable, dimmable, transparent, solution process feasible
  • TADF emitter
  • natural light style
  • candlelight style
  • light extraction
  • AMOLED, PMOLED
  • molecular orientation
  • blue hazard free
  • graphene
  • transparent electrode
  • transparent conductive oxide

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

1551 KiB  
Article
Tuning the Geometrical Structures and Optical Properties of Blue-Emitting Iridium(III) Complexes through Dimethylamine Substitutions: A Theoretical Study
by Xue-Feng Ren, Hong-Qu Tang and Guo-Jun Kang
Molecules 2017, 22(5), 758; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22050758 - 7 May 2017
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 4164
Abstract
The geometrical structures and photophysical properties of Ir(4,6-dFppy)2(pic) (FIrpic) and its derivative (o-FIr, m-FIr, p-FIr) with dimethylamine substituted at the picolinic acid (N∧O) ligand were fully investigated by density functional theory and time-dependent density functional [...] Read more.
The geometrical structures and photophysical properties of Ir(4,6-dFppy)2(pic) (FIrpic) and its derivative (o-FIr, m-FIr, p-FIr) with dimethylamine substituted at the picolinic acid (N∧O) ligand were fully investigated by density functional theory and time-dependent density functional theory. The simulated electronic structure, as well as absorption and emission spectra of FIrpic are in good agreement with the experimental observations. The introduction of dimethylamine at the N∧O ligand at different positions is beneficial to extend the π-electron delocalization, increase HOMO energy levels, and hence improve the hole injection and transfer ability compared with those of FIrpic. Furthermore, o-FIr, m-FIr, and p-FIr have large absorption intensity and participation of metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) contribution in the main absorption spectra, which would be useful to improve the intersystem crossing (ISC) from the singlet to triplet excited state. More importantly, the high quantum yield of o-FIr (which is explained based on the detailed analysis of triplet energy, ET1), participation of 3MLCT contribution in the phosphorescent spectra, and energy difference between 3MLCT and triplet metal centered (3MC) d-d excited state compared with m-FIr and p-FIr indicate that o-FIr is expected to be an excellent blue phosphorescence emitter with high efficiency. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Organic Light Emitting Diodes)
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2865 KiB  
Article
Spirobifluorene Core-Based Novel Hole Transporting Materials for Red Phosphorescence OLEDs
by Ramanaskanda Braveenth, Hyeong Woo Bae, Quynh Pham Bao Nguyen, Haye Min Ko, Choong Hun Lee, Hyeong Jun Kim, Jang Hyuk Kwon and Kyu Yun Chai
Molecules 2017, 22(3), 464; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22030464 - 14 Mar 2017
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 8095
Abstract
Two new hole transporting materials, named HTM 1A and HTM 1B, were designed and synthesized in significant yields using the well-known Buchwald Hartwig and Suzuki cross- coupling reactions. Both materials showed higher decomposition temperatures (over 450 °C) at 5% weight reduction and [...] Read more.
Two new hole transporting materials, named HTM 1A and HTM 1B, were designed and synthesized in significant yields using the well-known Buchwald Hartwig and Suzuki cross- coupling reactions. Both materials showed higher decomposition temperatures (over 450 °C) at 5% weight reduction and HTM 1B exhibited a higher glass transition temperature of 180 °C. Red phosphorescence-based OLED devices were fabricated to analyze the device performances compared to Spiro-NPB and NPB as reference hole transporting materials. Devices consist of hole transporting material as HTM 1B showed better maximum current and power efficiencies of 16.16 cd/A and 11.17 lm/W, at the same time it revealed an improved external quantum efficiency of 13.64%. This efficiency is considerably higher than that of Spiro-NPB and NPB-based reference devices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Organic Light Emitting Diodes)
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Graphical abstract

1605 KiB  
Article
A Novel Lighting OLED Panel Design
by Enyang Zhang, Weigao Xia and Xiaojian Yan
Molecules 2016, 21(12), 1615; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules21121615 - 25 Nov 2016
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 7148
Abstract
A novel OLED (organic light emitting diode) lighting panel, which uses a special layout design, can reduce the photolithography cycles and process costs and is more reliable. It only needs two steps of photolithography cycles, which include an ITO (InSnO compound transparent oxide) [...] Read more.
A novel OLED (organic light emitting diode) lighting panel, which uses a special layout design, can reduce the photolithography cycles and process costs and is more reliable. It only needs two steps of photolithography cycles, which include an ITO (InSnO compound transparent oxide) pattern and insulator pattern. There is no need for the metal bus pattern of the ordinary design. The OLED device structure is a type of red–green–blue (RGB)-stacked emitting layer that has a good color index and greater adjustability, which improves the performance of the device. This novel design has the same equipment and material requirement compared to the ordinary design, and it is very beneficial in terms of high volume and low-cost production. It uses a hyper driving method because the entire OLED lighting panel is divided into many sub-emitting units; if one of the sub-emitting units is burned out, it has no effect on the adjacent sub-emitting unit, so the reliability is markedly better than the ordinary design. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Organic Light Emitting Diodes)
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Figure 1

2301 KiB  
Article
Blue Light Emitting Polyphenylene Dendrimers with Bipolar Charge Transport Moieties
by Guang Zhang, Manuel Auer-Berger, Dominik W. Gehrig, Paul W. M. Blom, Martin Baumgarten, Dieter Schollmeyer, E. J. W. List-Kratochvil and Klaus Müllen
Molecules 2016, 21(10), 1400; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules21101400 - 20 Oct 2016
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 9131
Abstract
Two light-emitting polyphenylene dendrimers with both hole and electron transporting moieties were synthesized and characterized. Both molecules exhibited pure blue emission solely from the pyrene core and efficient surface-to-core energy transfers when characterized in a nonpolar environment. In particular, the carbazole- and oxadiazole-functionalized [...] Read more.
Two light-emitting polyphenylene dendrimers with both hole and electron transporting moieties were synthesized and characterized. Both molecules exhibited pure blue emission solely from the pyrene core and efficient surface-to-core energy transfers when characterized in a nonpolar environment. In particular, the carbazole- and oxadiazole-functionalized dendrimer (D1) manifested a pure blue emission from the pyrene core without showing intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) in environments with increasing polarity. On the other hand, the triphenylamine- and oxadiazole-functionalized one (D2) displayed notable ICT with dual emission from both the core and an ICT state in highly polar solvents. D1, in a three-layer organic light emitting diode (OLED) by solution processing gave a pure blue emission with Commission Internationale de l’Éclairage 1931 CIE xy = (0.16, 0.12), a peak current efficiency of 0.21 cd/A and a peak luminance of 2700 cd/m2. This represents the first reported pure blue dendrimer emitter with bipolar charge transport and surface-to-core energy transfer in OLEDs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Organic Light Emitting Diodes)
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Graphical abstract

2192 KiB  
Article
The Electroluminescence Mechanism of Solution-Processed TADF Emitter 4CzIPN Doped OLEDs Investigated by Transient Measurements
by Peng Wang, Suling Zhao, Zheng Xu, Bo Qiao, Zhijuan Long and Qingyu Huang
Molecules 2016, 21(10), 1365; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules21101365 - 14 Oct 2016
Cited by 23 | Viewed by 9803
Abstract
High efficiency, solution-processed, organic light emitting devices (OLEDs), using a thermally-activated delayed fluorescent (TADF) emitter, 1,2,3,5-tetrakis(carbazol-9-yl)-4,6-dicyanobenzene (4CzIPN), are fabricated, and the transient electroluminescence (EL) decay of the device with a structure of [ITO/PEDOT: PSS/4CzIPN 5 wt % doped 4,40-N,N0-dicarbazolylbiphenyl(CBP)/bis-4,6-(3,5-di-4-pyridylphenyl)-2-methylpyrimidine (B4PyMPM)/lithium fluoride (LiF)/Al], is [...] Read more.
High efficiency, solution-processed, organic light emitting devices (OLEDs), using a thermally-activated delayed fluorescent (TADF) emitter, 1,2,3,5-tetrakis(carbazol-9-yl)-4,6-dicyanobenzene (4CzIPN), are fabricated, and the transient electroluminescence (EL) decay of the device with a structure of [ITO/PEDOT: PSS/4CzIPN 5 wt % doped 4,40-N,N0-dicarbazolylbiphenyl(CBP)/bis-4,6-(3,5-di-4-pyridylphenyl)-2-methylpyrimidine (B4PyMPM)/lithium fluoride (LiF)/Al], is systematically studied. The results shed light on the dominant operating mechanism in TADF-based OLEDs. Electroluminescence in the host–guest system is mainly produced from the 4CzIPN emitter, rather than the exciplex host materials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Organic Light Emitting Diodes)
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3054 KiB  
Article
SimCP3—An Advanced Homologue of SimCP2 as a Solution-Processed Small Molecular Host Material for Blue Phosphorescence Organic Light-Emitting Diodes
by Yi-Ting Lee, Yung-Ting Chang, Cheng-Lung Wu, Jan Golder, Chin-Ti Chen and Chao-Tsen Chen
Molecules 2016, 21(10), 1315; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules21101315 - 30 Sep 2016
Viewed by 6835
Abstract
We have overcome the synthetic difficulty of 9,9′,9′′,9′′′,9′′′′,9′′′′′-((phenylsilanetriyl)tris(benzene-5,3,1-triyl))hexakis(9H-carbazole) (SimCP3) an advanced homologue of previously known SimCP2 as a solution-processed, high triplet gap energy host material for a blue phosphorescence dopant. A series of organic light-emitting diodes based on blue phosphorescence dopant [...] Read more.
We have overcome the synthetic difficulty of 9,9′,9′′,9′′′,9′′′′,9′′′′′-((phenylsilanetriyl)tris(benzene-5,3,1-triyl))hexakis(9H-carbazole) (SimCP3) an advanced homologue of previously known SimCP2 as a solution-processed, high triplet gap energy host material for a blue phosphorescence dopant. A series of organic light-emitting diodes based on blue phosphorescence dopant iridium (III) bis(4,6-difluorophenylpyridinato)picolate, FIrpic, were fabricated and tested to demonstrate the validity of solution-processed SimCP3 in the device fabrication. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Organic Light Emitting Diodes)
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