Role of lncRNAs in Brain Development and Disease

A special issue of Non-Coding RNA (ISSN 2311-553X). This special issue belongs to the section "Long Non-Coding RNA".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2021) | Viewed by 20212

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Centre for Genomics and Child Health, Queen Mary University, London E1 4NS, UK
Interests: epigenetics; gene expression; nuclear organisation; X chromosome inactivation and reactivation; spatial control of gene expression; long non-coding RNAs at single gene and genome-wide level

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Guest Editor
Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
Interests: molecular biology; long non-coding RNAs; gene expression; neuronal differentiation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, genome-wide studies have highlighted the complexity of mammalian genomes, showing that only a small percentage of the genome codes for proteins, both in mice and humans. Most cell transcripts represent non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), RNAs that do not code for proteins. ncRNAs are grouped into different classes and sub-classes according to their biogenesis, function, and structure. Among these, long ncRNAs (lncRNAs) are defined as RNA molecules that are longer than 200 nucleotides, lacking an open reading frame (ORF), and generally transcribed by RNA polymerase II and subjected to 5' capping, splicing, and polyadenylation.
RNAs play an active role in gene expression in many fundamental cellular processes, such as development, differentiation, proliferation, and cell metabolism. Recent research has shown that several lncRNAs are brain-specific, suggesting a key role in development and higher brain functions. Deregulation of this class of RNA has also been linked to neuropsychiatric disorders and neurodegenerative diseases.
For this Special Issue, we welcome the submission of reviews and original research articles on the topic of lncRNAs’ role in brain development and disease, with the aim of having a dedicated article collection focusing on lncRNA action and dysregulation in physiological and pathological processes.

Dr. Andrea Cerase
Dr. Vincenza Aliperti
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • brain
  • long non-coding RNA
  • development
  • neuronal disorders

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

25 pages, 3064 KiB  
Review
Long Non-Coding RNA (lncRNA) Roles in Cell Biology, Neurodevelopment and Neurological Disorders
by Vincenza Aliperti, Justyna Skonieczna and Andrea Cerase
Non-Coding RNA 2021, 7(2), 36; https://doi.org/10.3390/ncrna7020036 - 17 Jun 2021
Cited by 74 | Viewed by 9565
Abstract
Development is a complex process regulated both by genetic and epigenetic and environmental clues. Recently, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as key regulators of gene expression in several tissues including the brain. Altered expression of lncRNAs has been linked to several neurodegenerative, [...] Read more.
Development is a complex process regulated both by genetic and epigenetic and environmental clues. Recently, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as key regulators of gene expression in several tissues including the brain. Altered expression of lncRNAs has been linked to several neurodegenerative, neurodevelopmental and mental disorders. The identification and characterization of lncRNAs that are deregulated or mutated in neurodevelopmental and mental health diseases are fundamental to understanding the complex transcriptional processes in brain function. Crucially, lncRNAs can be exploited as a novel target for treating neurological disorders. In our review, we first summarize the recent advances in our understanding of lncRNA functions in the context of cell biology and then discussing their association with selected neuronal development and neurological disorders. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Role of lncRNAs in Brain Development and Disease)
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22 pages, 1002 KiB  
Review
Non-Syndromic Intellectual Disability and Its Pathways: A Long Noncoding RNA Perspective
by Isabela I. Barros, Vitor Leão, Jessica O. Santis, Reginaldo C. A. Rosa, Danielle B. Brotto, Camila B. Storti, Ádamo D. D. Siena, Greice A. Molfetta and Wilson A. Silva, Jr.
Non-Coding RNA 2021, 7(1), 22; https://doi.org/10.3390/ncrna7010022 - 11 Mar 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 9797
Abstract
Non-syndromic intellectual disability (NS-ID or idiopathic) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder that represents a global health issue. Although many efforts have been made to characterize it and distinguish it from syndromic intellectual disability (S-ID), the highly heterogeneous aspect of this disorder makes it [...] Read more.
Non-syndromic intellectual disability (NS-ID or idiopathic) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder that represents a global health issue. Although many efforts have been made to characterize it and distinguish it from syndromic intellectual disability (S-ID), the highly heterogeneous aspect of this disorder makes it difficult to understand its etiology. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) comprise a large group of transcripts that can act through various mechanisms and be involved in important neurodevelopmental processes. In this sense, comprehending the roles they play in this intricate context is a valuable way of getting new insights about how NS-ID can arise and develop. In this review, we attempt to bring together knowledge available in the literature about lncRNAs involved with molecular and cellular pathways already described in intellectual disability and neural function, to better understand their relevance in NS-ID and the regulatory complexity of this disorder. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Role of lncRNAs in Brain Development and Disease)
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