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Obesity and Its Comorbidities: Prevention and Therapy
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Obesity and Its Comorbidities: Prevention and Therapy

A special issue of Obesities (ISSN 2673-4168).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2025 | Viewed by 4105

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Carmine Finelli

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Internal Medicine, Ospedale Cav. R. Apicella—ASL Napoli 3 Sud, Via di Massa, 1, 80040 Pollena, Italy
Interests: obesity biology and integrated physiology; clinical trials and investigations; epidemiology/genetics; nutritional medicine; clinical nutrition medicine; genetics and nutrition; nutritional epidemiology; pharmacology; adipogenesis; behavioral epidemiology; biophysics and lipid metabolism; exercise and human physiology; phenotyping; fat cell physiology; aging; metabolic syndrome; nutrition behavior; eating disorder; over weight; adipocyte cell biology; etiology; psychological and epidemiological aspects of obesity and related disorders; diabetes; obesity; food science and technology; global health; appetite; dietary surveys; macronutrients; micronutrients; malnutrition; weight control

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues，

The prevalence of overweight (body mass index ³ 25) and obesity (body mass index ³ 30) has reached epidemic proportions in most of the developed world. Obesity increases the risk for several co-morbidities, including type 2 diabetes (T2DM), stroke, cardiovascular disease (CVD), liver diseases, kidney diseases, and metabolic syndrome. The risks associated with obesity have been extended to cancer, including prostate, breast, liver, kidney, colon, ovarian, and endometrial cancer.

Obesity contributes to increasing premature death worldwide. We invite authors to submit original research articles and reviews summarizing clinical, preclinical, or experimental results that analyze the role of prevention and therapy in the onset of obesity and its comorbidities. We are particularly interested in manuscripts that report on the relevance of T2DM, CVD, stroke, liver diseases, kidney diseases, metabolic syndrome, and cancers. Moreover, papers dealing with several factors linking the pathogenesis of obesity and related diseases are very welcome.

Dr. Carmine Finelli
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Obesities is an international peer-reviewed open access quarterly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1000 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • type 2 diabetes (T2DM)
  • stroke
  • cardiovascular disease (CVD)
  • liver diseases
  • kidney diseases
  • metabolic syndrome
  • cancers prevention and therapy
  • obesity
  • overweight

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 234 KiB  
Article
Sociodemographic Disparities in the Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Rural South Africa: An Analysis of Gender, Age, and Marital, Employment, and Educational Status
by Dimakatso Given Mashala, Cairo Bruce Ntimana, Kagiso Peace Seakamela, Reneilwe Given Mashaba and Eric Maimela
Obesities 2024, 4(4), 480-490; https://doi.org/10.3390/obesities4040038 - 15 Nov 2024
Viewed by 411
Abstract
Sociodemographic factors affect how metabolic syndrome (MetS) manifests and progresses. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence between MetS and sociodemographic factors among adult participants in the Dikgale HDSS. This was a comprehensive retrospective study where the records of 575 participants were meticulously [...] Read more.
Sociodemographic factors affect how metabolic syndrome (MetS) manifests and progresses. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence between MetS and sociodemographic factors among adult participants in the Dikgale HDSS. This was a comprehensive retrospective study where the records of 575 participants were meticulously evaluated. MetS was defined using a joint interim statement (JIS). The data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for SPSS, version 25. A chi-square test was used to compare proportions between groups, with Cramer’s V used to assess the strength of association. Logistic regression was used to determine the association between MetS and sociodemographic profiles. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The prevalence of MetS was 28.2% (females 33.3% vs. males 15.6%, p ≤ 0.001). In addition, logistic regression showed males to have lower odds of MetS as compared to females (OR = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.2–0.6, and AOR = 0.4, 95% CI: 0.2–0.6). The 55–60 age group had the highest proportion of affected individuals, and MetS was also more common among individuals with low educational attainment. In addition, on regression, the same association was observed. This study found sociodemographic disparities in MetS among rural adults, especially females, who had an increased risk of MetS, and participants with low educational attainment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Obesity and Its Comorbidities: Prevention and Therapy)
15 pages, 2696 KiB  
Article
The Possible Impact of COVID-19 on Glycated Hemoglobin and Systolic Blood Pressure in Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity
by Tatiana Palotta Minari, Carolina Freitas Manzano, Louise Buonalumi Tácito Yugar, Luis Gustavo Sedenho-Prado, Tatiane de Azevedo Rubio, Lúcia Helena Bonalumi Tácito, Antônio Carlos Pires, José Fernando Vilela-Martin, Luciana Neves Cosenso-Martin, Nelson Dinamarco Ludovico, André Fattori, Juan Carlos Yugar-Toledo, Heitor Moreno and Luciana Pellegrini Pisani
Obesities 2024, 4(4), 412-426; https://doi.org/10.3390/obesities4040033 - 25 Oct 2024
Viewed by 657
Abstract
Background: There are still discrepancies in the literature as to whether COVID-19 infection could impact biochemical, anthropometric, and cardiovascular markers. The purpose of this study was firstly to observe the effects of COVID-19 infection over 12 months on Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and [...] Read more.
Background: There are still discrepancies in the literature as to whether COVID-19 infection could impact biochemical, anthropometric, and cardiovascular markers. The purpose of this study was firstly to observe the effects of COVID-19 infection over 12 months on Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity. Secondarily, we analyzed the individual influence of COVID-19 infection on changes in biochemical, anthropometric, and cardiovascular markers. Methods: This study is part of a secondary analysis of a recently published article. The research involved 84 participants with T2D, divided into two groups: the control group (40 participants) received only medical care, while the intervention group (44 participants) received both medical care and nutritional assessment. Consultations were held quarterly over 12 months, with a follow-up after 3 months. Data Analysis: For influence analysis, non-normal variables were compared using the Mann–Whitney test, and normal variables were compared using unpaired t-tests. For all cases, α = 0.05 and p < 0.05 were considered significant. Results: The analysis revealed a high percentage of patients in both groups who had a COVID-19 infection (70% control and 72.7% intervention) over 12 months. Regarding the influence analysis, participants in the intervention group who were infected with COVID-19 showed smaller reductions in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (p = 0.0120) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) (p = 0.0460). For the other biochemical, anthropometric, and cardiovascular markers, in both groups, no significant differences were found (p > 0.05). Conclusion: COVID-19 possibly influenced SBP and HbA1c levels over 12 months in people with T2D and obesity. However, caution should be exercised in generalizing these results due to the limitations of this study. Additionally, influence analysis does not establish a causal relationship, and more clinical trials in different populations are needed to fully analyze this topic. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Obesity and Its Comorbidities: Prevention and Therapy)
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14 pages, 258 KiB  
Article
Comorbidities of Obesity in a Rural African Population Residing in Limpopo Province, South Africa: A Comparison between General and Central Obesity
by Cairo B. Ntimana, Reneilwe G. Mashaba, Kagiso P. Seakamela, Eric Maimela, Matshane L. Masemola-Maphutha and Solomon S. R. Choma
Obesities 2024, 4(3), 375-388; https://doi.org/10.3390/obesities4030030 - 23 Sep 2024
Viewed by 673
Abstract
Obesity is a growing epidemic that threatens to deplete healthcare resources by increasing the prevalence of diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, cancer, and chronic kidney disease. The prevalence of general and central obesity among the rural Black population in Limpopo Province is [...] Read more.
Obesity is a growing epidemic that threatens to deplete healthcare resources by increasing the prevalence of diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, cancer, and chronic kidney disease. The prevalence of general and central obesity among the rural Black population in Limpopo Province is high; however, few studies have evaluated the association between obesity and its comorbidities among the rural Black population, and, hence, this study aims to determine the relationship between obesity and associated comorbidities. This study was cross-sectional and retrospective in design, using secondary data from the Africa Wits-INDEPTH Partnership for Genomic (AWI-Gen) research phase 1 study. A sample size of 791 participants was collected conveniently. Data were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 27 (SPSS). A chi-square, unpaired Student’s t-test, bivariate and partial correlation, and multivariate regression analysis were used for analysis. General obesity correlated positively and significantly with LDL-C/HDL-C ratio and hypertension, while central obesity correlated positively and significantly with diabetes, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, LDL-C/HDL-C ratio, and TC/HDL-C ratio. In the present study, obese participants were more likely to be hypertensive, and have an increased LDL-C/HDL-C ratio. Centrally obese participants were more likely to be diabetic, hypertensive, have dyslipidaemia, and exhibit reduced kidney function. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Obesity and Its Comorbidities: Prevention and Therapy)

Review

Jump to: Research

22 pages, 976 KiB  
Review
Silymarin: A Natural Compound for Obesity Management
by Jessica Alves de Freitas, Aline Boveto Santamarina, José Pinhata Otoch and Ana Flávia Marçal Pessoa
Obesities 2024, 4(3), 292-313; https://doi.org/10.3390/obesities4030024 - 9 Aug 2024
Viewed by 1790
Abstract
Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn, commonly known as milk thistle, is an herbal medicine rich in silymarin, a bioflavonoid complex. Historically, silymarin was used for treating liver diseases, but recent studies highlight silymarin’s potential for obesity management. This narrative review aims to provide an [...] Read more.
Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn, commonly known as milk thistle, is an herbal medicine rich in silymarin, a bioflavonoid complex. Historically, silymarin was used for treating liver diseases, but recent studies highlight silymarin’s potential for obesity management. This narrative review aims to provide an in-depth examination of the existing knowledge of Silybum marianum (L.) and its secondary compounds concerning obesity and associated comorbidities, summarizing data from in vitro, preclinical, and clinical studies. Obesity is a significant public health issue, exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic, as a major risk factor for mortality. It contributes to metabolic dysfunction, including oxidative stress, metainflammation, cardiovascular diseases, and type 2 diabetes development. Silymarin has demonstrated benefits on insulin signaling and lipid metabolism, as well as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties at the molecular level. Innovative studies also suggest silymarin’s potential as a prebiotic, positively influencing gut microbiota composition, a key factor affected by obesity. These promising findings support the potential anti-obesity action of silymarin in clinical practice. Looking forward, using silymarin as an innovative complementary therapy could offer substantial benefits for natural health promotion and obesity management. Nevertheless, further research into optimal doses and cellular mechanisms is still needed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Obesity and Its Comorbidities: Prevention and Therapy)
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