Genomic Epidemiology of High-Consequence Viruses

A special issue of Pathogens (ISSN 2076-0817). This special issue belongs to the section "Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2025) | Viewed by 1259

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Departamento de Bacteriología y Virología, Instituto de Higiene, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11600, Uruguay
Interests: virus discovery; metagenomics; viral ecology

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Guest Editor
Departamento de Bacteriología y Virología, Instituto de Higiene, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11600, Uruguay
Interests: zoonotic viruses; metagenomics; molecular epidemiology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Combining epidemiological and genomic metadata with bioinformatic tools and, more recently, AI algorithms and machine learning, genomic epidemiology is a novel and promising research area that has become an important tool for controlling infectious diseases. It enables the tracking of viral transmission patterns and the uncovering of novel dissemination routes from local outbreaks to global pandemics, providing crucial insights for evidence-based public health interventions. Additionally, genomic epidemiology helps identify potential sources for emerging zoonotic diseases and predict plausible future evolutionary landscapes of viral pathogens. Real-time tracking of SARS-CoV-2 evolution and the identification of viral variants with crucial biological implications (immune escape, higher pathogenicity) through genomic approaches during the COVID-19 pandemic is a paradigmatic example.

Genomic epidemiology, combined with viral ecology, has shown its potential to provide a detailed description of how HPAI H5N1 has spread worldwide, affecting both poultry and wildlife. It was also crucial in understanding the current outbreak of HPAI H5N1 in mammals in the United States by analyzing the patterns of viral transmission within and between different species.

The Guest Editors invite researchers to contribute to this Special Issue of Pathogens with novel research focused on the genomic epidemiology of viral zoonotic infections. Reviews on aspects of genomics, evolution, and epidemiology of high-consequence zoonotic viral are also welcome.

Dr. Santiago Mirazo Villar
Dr. Florencia Cancela
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • genomic surveillance
  • viral transmission
  • pandemic preparedness

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

12 pages, 6118 KiB  
Article
Pathology and VP2-Based Characterization of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Associated with an Outbreak in Layer Chickens in Ghana
by Ben Enyetornye, Henry A. Abugri, Ama K. Kusi-Appiah, Grazieli Maboni, Theophilus Odoom, Nicole L. Gottdenker and Binu T. Velayudhan
Pathogens 2024, 13(12), 1115; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13121115 - 17 Dec 2024
Viewed by 859
Abstract
Infectious bursal disease (IBD) continues to threaten poultry production globally, with highly virulent strains circulating in many parts of Africa. In this study, molecular characterization was performed on a circulating infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) strain from an outbreak in a layer flock [...] Read more.
Infectious bursal disease (IBD) continues to threaten poultry production globally, with highly virulent strains circulating in many parts of Africa. In this study, molecular characterization was performed on a circulating infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) strain from an outbreak in a layer flock in Ghana. Layer chicks presented for necropsy had markedly enlarged and hemorrhagic bursae of Fabricius, with necrotic foci and catarrhal exudate on the serosal surface. Histopathology of the bursa of Fabricius revealed scattered to effacing hemorrhages on the plicae, extensive necrosis with expansion of the stroma between the follicles, and depletion of lymphocytes within the interfollicular epithelium. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and subsequent sequencing of the VP2 gene showed the presence of IBDV in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues. A phylogenetic analysis compared 62 other IBDV sequences from different parts of the world and placed the Ghanaian IBDV in genogroup 3 (vvIBDV), closely related to IBDV from Nigeria. In comparison to reference vvIBDV, there were amino acid substitutions at positions 252, 254, and 300. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report in which an IBDV from a disease outbreak in Ghana has been sequenced and compared with other IBDVs in a phylogenetic analysis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genomic Epidemiology of High-Consequence Viruses)
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