Herpesvirus Latency and Reactivation

A special issue of Pathogens (ISSN 2076-0817). This special issue belongs to the section "Viral Pathogens".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2025 | Viewed by 2089

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
Interests: human herpesviruses; virus–host interactions; latency; reactivation; pathogenesis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
Interests: cGAS-STING; herpesviruses; KSHV; oncogenesis
Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University No. 601, West Huangpu Avenue, Guangzhou 510632, China
Interests: human cytomegalovirus; herpesvirus; molecular virology; virus–host interaction

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Herpesviridae is a large family of DNA viruses that infect a wide variety of hosts. Herpesviruses can cause various diseases including skin lesions, respiratory syndrome, reproductive diseases, neurological disorders, and cancers. A hallmark of all known herpesviruses is their ability to establish a lifelong latency in hosts. During latency, the viral genome is maintained in infected cells without causing cell death, but the expression of viral genes contributes to herpesvirus-associated diseases. Additionally, reactivation from latency periodically occurs, resulting in the production and transmission of infectious virus particles, which usually causes severe clinical symptoms.
This Special Issue aims to present the latest research on herpesvirus latency and reactivation. Developing a better understanding of herpesvirus–cell interactions will be crucial for the prevention and control of herpesvirus-associated diseases. Manuscripts of all types are welcome, including reviews, research articles, and short communications. We look forward to your valuable contributions.

Dr. Yonggang Pei
Dr. Zhe Ma
Dr. Jun Chen
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • herpesviruses
  • latency
  • reactivation
  • virus–cell interactions
  • EBV
  • cytomegalovirus
  • HHV-6/7
  • KSHV
  • pathogenesis
  • antiviral therapies

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

12 pages, 517 KiB  
Review
Recent Advances in the Study of Alphaherpesvirus Latency and Reactivation: Novel Guidance for the Design of Herpesvirus Live Vector Vaccines
by Shinuo Cao, Mo Zhou, Shengwei Ji, Dongxue Ma and Shanyuan Zhu
Pathogens 2024, 13(9), 779; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13090779 - 10 Sep 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1432
Abstract
Alphaherpesviruses, including herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), and varicella-zoster virus (VZV), infect a diverse array of hosts, spanning both humans and animals. Alphaherpesviruses have developed a well-adapted relationship with their hosts through long-term evolution. Some alphaherpesviruses [...] Read more.
Alphaherpesviruses, including herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), and varicella-zoster virus (VZV), infect a diverse array of hosts, spanning both humans and animals. Alphaherpesviruses have developed a well-adapted relationship with their hosts through long-term evolution. Some alphaherpesviruses exhibit a typical neurotropic characteristic, which has garnered widespread attention and in-depth research. Virus latency involves the retention of viral genomes without producing infectious viruses. However, under stress, this can be reversed, resulting in lytic infection. Such reactivation events can lead to recurrent infections, manifesting as diseases like herpes labialis, genital herpes, and herpes zoster. Reactivation is a complex process influenced by both viral and host factors, and identifying how latency and reactivation work is vital to developing new antiviral therapies. Recent research highlights a complex interaction among the virus, neurons, and the immune system in regulating alphaherpesvirus latency and reactivation. Neurotropic alphaherpesviruses can breach host barriers to infect neurons, proliferate extensively within their cell bodies, and establish latent infections or spread further. Whether infecting neurons or spreading further, the virus undergoes transmission along axons or dendrites, making this process an indispensable part of the viral life cycle and a critical factor influencing the virus’s invasion of the nervous system. Research on the transmission process of neurotropic alphaherpesviruses within neurons can not only deepen our understanding of the virus but can also facilitate the targeted development of corresponding vaccines. This review concentrates on the relationship between the transmission, latency, and activation of alphaherpesviruses within neurons, summarizes recent advancements in the field, and discusses how these findings can inform the design of live virus vaccines for alphaherpesviruses. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Herpesvirus Latency and Reactivation)
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