Advanced Nanotechnology for Combination Therapy and Diagnosis

A special issue of Pharmaceutics (ISSN 1999-4923). This special issue belongs to the section "Nanomedicine and Nanotechnology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 April 2025 | Viewed by 4267

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural Products, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil
Interests: combination therapy; nanotechnology; nanomedicine; photodynamic therapy; natural products
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil
Interests: nanoformulation; nanotechnology; nanomedicine; physical-chemistry; photodynamic therapy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), over the last two decades noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) have constituted seven of the world's top ten causes of death, collectively claiming far more lives each day than COVID-19 does worldwide.

Despite this grim background, in recent years combination therapy associated with nanotechnology and nanomedicine has been a revolution in medical science, significantly enhancing the diagnosis, treatment, and management of NCDs, leading to improved patient outcomes and a higher quality of life. The benefits of combination therapy encompass the potential for the simultaneous modification of diverse biological pathways, diminishing the necessary effective therapeutic dose, and mitigating drug resistance.

In this Special Issue, authors are invited to submit their original research articles, reviews, or short communications focusing on using nanotechnology for combination therapy and the diagnosis of NCDs. Works that concentrate solely on nanotechnology for therapy and theranostics are also welcome.

Prof. Dr. Renato Sonchini Gonçalves
Prof. Dr. Gustavo Braga
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • nanotechnology
  • nanomedicine
  • combination therapy
  • noncommunicable diseases
  • theranostics

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 6646 KiB  
Article
Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Puerarin: Characterization, Antimicrobial Potential, Angiogenesis, and In Ovo Safety Profile Assessment
by Sergio Liga, Raluca Vodă, Lavinia Lupa, Cristina Paul, Nicoleta Sorina Nemeş, Delia Muntean, Ștefana Avram, Mihaela Gherban and Francisc Péter
Pharmaceutics 2024, 16(11), 1464; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16111464 - 16 Nov 2024
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Abstract
Background: Zinc oxide nanobiocomposites were successfully synthesized using a green synthesis approach. The process involves the utilization of the isoflavone puerarin, resulting in the formation of PUE-ZnO NPs. Methods: Physico-chemical and biological characterization techniques including X-ray dif-fraction (XRD), UV-vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared [...] Read more.
Background: Zinc oxide nanobiocomposites were successfully synthesized using a green synthesis approach. The process involves the utilization of the isoflavone puerarin, resulting in the formation of PUE-ZnO NPs. Methods: Physico-chemical and biological characterization techniques including X-ray dif-fraction (XRD), UV-vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and in ovo methods were employed to study the main characteristics of this novel hybrid material. Results: The PUE-ZnO NPs were confirmed to have been successfully synthesized with a UV absorption peak at 340 nm, the XRD analysis demonstrating their high purity and crystallinity. The energy band-gap value of 3.30 eV suggests possible photocatalytic properties. Both SEM and AFM images revealed the nanoparticle`s quasi-spherical shape, roughness, and size. Good tolerability and anti-irritative effects were recorded in ovo on the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM). Conclusions: According to these results, the synthesis of green PUE-ZnO NPs may be a promising future approach for biomedical and personal care applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Nanotechnology for Combination Therapy and Diagnosis)
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17 pages, 7689 KiB  
Article
Development of an Eco-Friendly Nanogel Incorporating Pectis brevipedunculata Essential Oil as a Larvicidal Agent Against Aedes aegypti
by Estela Mesquita Marques, Raiene Lisboa Rocha, Clenilma Marques Brandão, Júlia Karla Albuquerque Melo Xavier, Marcos Bispo Pinheiro Camara, Caritas de Jesus Silva Mendonça, Roberto Batista de Lima, Melissa Pires Souza, Emmanoel Vilaça Costa and Renato Sonchini Gonçalves
Pharmaceutics 2024, 16(10), 1337; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16101337 - 18 Oct 2024
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Abstract
Background/Objectives: Arboviruses, transmitted by mosquitoes like Aedes aegypti, pose significant public health challenges globally, particularly in tropical regions. The rapid spread and adaptation of viruses such as Dengue, Zika, and Chikungunya have emphasized the need for innovative control methods. Essential oils from [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Arboviruses, transmitted by mosquitoes like Aedes aegypti, pose significant public health challenges globally, particularly in tropical regions. The rapid spread and adaptation of viruses such as Dengue, Zika, and Chikungunya have emphasized the need for innovative control methods. Essential oils from plants, such as Pectis brevipedunculata (Gardner) Sch.Bip. (Pb), have emerged as potential alternatives to conventional insecticides. Methods: In this work, we developed an eco-friendly nanogel using a low-energy, solvent-free method, incorporating the copolymer F127 and Carbopol 974p, enriched with a high concentration of essential oil from Pb (EOPb). The resulting nanogel displayed excellent physical stability, maintained under varying temperature conditions. Characterization techniques, including FTIR and DLS, confirmed the stable incorporation of EOPb within the nanogel matrix. Results: The in vitro assays against Aedes aegypti larvae revealed that at 500 μg/mL, the mortality rates were 96.0% ± 7.0 after 24 h and 100.0% ± 0.0 after 48 h. The positive control group treated with temefos, achieved 100% mortality at both time points, validating the experimental conditions and providing a benchmark for assessing the efficacy of the nGF2002Pb nanogel. Conclusions: These results indicate that nGF2002Pb demonstrates a pronounced concentration-dependent larvicidal effect against Aedes aegypti, offering an innovative and sustainable approach to arbovirus vector control. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Nanotechnology for Combination Therapy and Diagnosis)
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Review

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21 pages, 12533 KiB  
Review
Recent Advances in Porphyrin-Based Covalent Organic Frameworks for Synergistic Photodynamic and Photothermal Therapy
by Cheng Qi, Jiayi Chen, Yijie Qu, Xuanxuan Luo, Weiqi Wang and Xiaohua Zheng
Pharmaceutics 2024, 16(12), 1625; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16121625 - 22 Dec 2024
Viewed by 1084
Abstract
Porphyrin’s excellent biocompatibility and modifiability make it a widely studied photoactive material. However, its large π-bond conjugated structure leads to aggregation and precipitation in physiological solutions, limiting the biomedical applications of porphyrin-based photoactive materials. It has been demonstrated through research that fabricating porphyrin [...] Read more.
Porphyrin’s excellent biocompatibility and modifiability make it a widely studied photoactive material. However, its large π-bond conjugated structure leads to aggregation and precipitation in physiological solutions, limiting the biomedical applications of porphyrin-based photoactive materials. It has been demonstrated through research that fabricating porphyrin molecules into nanoscale covalent organic frameworks (COFs) structures can circumvent issues such as poor dispersibility resulting from hydrophobicity, thereby significantly augmenting the photoactivity of porphyrin materials. Porphyrin-based COF materials can exert combined photodynamic and photothermal effects, circumventing the limitations of photodynamic therapy (PDT) due to hypoxia and issues in photothermal therapy (PTT) from heat shock proteins or the adverse impact of excessive heat on the protein activity of normal tissue. Furthermore, the porous structure of porphyrin COFs facilitates the circulation of oxygen molecules and reactive oxygen species and promotes sufficient contact with the lesion site for therapeutic functions. This review covers recent progress regarding porphyrin-based COFs in treating malignant tumors and venous thrombosis and for antibacterial and anti-inflammatory uses via combined PDT and PTT. By summarizing relevant design strategies, ranging from molecular design to functional application, this review provides a reference basis for the enhanced phototherapy application of porphyrin-based COFs as photoactive materials. This review aims to offer valuable insights for more effective biomedical applications of porphyrin-based COFs through the synthesis of existing experimental data, thereby paving the way for their future preclinical utilization. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Nanotechnology for Combination Therapy and Diagnosis)
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