Laser Treatment in Retinal Diseases

A special issue of Photonics (ISSN 2304-6732). This special issue belongs to the section "Biophotonics and Biomedical Optics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2023) | Viewed by 7483

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Dobry Wzrok Ophthalmological Clinic, Zabi Kruk 10, 80-822 Gdansk, Poland
Interests: medical retina; OCT-angiography; fluorescein angiography; subthreshold retinal laser treatment; central serous chorioretinopathy; cataract surgery; strabismus surgery
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Laser photocoagulation has become an important mode of treatment for various retinal diseases in recent decades. Recent years have brought the advent of non-damaging laser therapies, such as the subthreshold micropulse laser (SML), end-point management (EpM), and micro- and nanosecond laser therapies that are still under investigation for retinal diseases. Thus, the interest of researchers and clinicians has shifted from destructive forms of treatment to retina-sparing management options. Moreover, studies on subthreshold laser techniques have also changed our way of thinking regarding the mechanisms of action of different forms of laser treatment, especially in the context of clinical application. Thus, we are devoting this Special Issue to clinical analyses and theoretical considerations on the use of various forms of lasers in the treatment of retinal diseases, such as central serous chorioretinopathy, diabetic macular edema, diabetic retinopathy macular edema secondary to retinal vessel occlusion, age-related macular degeneration, inherited retinal diseases, and many others. We welcome both clinical studies and review articles, especially those that indicate the position of modern laser techniques among other treatments of retinal disorders. We hope that this Special Issue will provide a valid update on state-of-the-art laser treatment for the management of retinal diseases.

Dr. Gawęcki Maciej
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • laser photocoagulation,
  • subthreshold micropulse laser,
  • end-point management,
  • central serous chorioretinopathy,
  • diabetic macular edema,
  • retinal vein occlusion,
  • retinitis pigmentosa,
  • heat shock proteins,
  • non-damaging retinal laser therapy

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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9 pages, 665 KiB  
Communication
Adjunct Nondamaging Focal Laser Reduces Intravitreal Injection Burden in Diabetic Macular Edema
by Lyna Azzouz, Asad Durrani, Yunshu Zhou and Yannis M. Paulus
Photonics 2023, 10(10), 1165; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10101165 - 18 Oct 2023
Viewed by 1306
Abstract
This study aims to determine the impact of adjunct nondamaging focal laser therapy on the number of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injections and visual acuity (VA) and imaging in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME). A retrospective analysis of 18 eyes of [...] Read more.
This study aims to determine the impact of adjunct nondamaging focal laser therapy on the number of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injections and visual acuity (VA) and imaging in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME). A retrospective analysis of 18 eyes of 14 patients with DME treated with a single session of the PASCAL 532 nm Synthesis Photocoagulator with Endpoint Management was conducted. Demographic data, VA, imaging, laser parameters, and anti-VEGF injection burden six months before and after treatment were collected. Wilcoxon Signed-rank tests were used to assess changes in VA and injection burden before and after treatment. The mean number of intravitreal injections in the six-month period prior to laser treatment was 3.39 ± 2.57 injections compared to 2.33 ± 2.40 injections following laser treatment (p = 0.02). There was no significant difference between the mean VA on the day of treatment logMAR VA of 0.38 ± 0.27 (approx. Snellen equivalent 20/50) and the visual acuity on the most recent follow-up 6 months after laser logMAR VA of 0.35 ± 0.32 (approx. Snellen equivalent 20/40) (p = 0.34). There was also no significant difference in OCT central macular thickness before (311 µm) compared to 6 months after (301 µm, p = 0.64). Adjunct focal macular laser therapy is associated with a statistically and clinically significant decrease in the number of intravitreal injections required in the six-month period immediately following treatment, without compromising visual acuity or macular thickness. Nondamaging focal laser has the potential to alleviate the burden of injections for both patients and clinics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser Treatment in Retinal Diseases)
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7 pages, 646 KiB  
Communication
Optical Coherence Tomography Following Panretinal Photocoagulation Demonstrating Choroidal Detachment
by Xinyi Xie, Qinghuai Liu and Yannis Mantas Paulus
Photonics 2022, 9(10), 730; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics9100730 - 6 Oct 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1626
Abstract
Retinal laser therapy such as panretinal photocoagulation can be associated with complications, including rare cases of choroidal detachment. This report describes high-resolution optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging after retinal laser panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) demonstrating choroidal detachment. [...] Read more.
Retinal laser therapy such as panretinal photocoagulation can be associated with complications, including rare cases of choroidal detachment. This report describes high-resolution optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging after retinal laser panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) demonstrating choroidal detachment. A series of three sequential patients with high-risk proliferative diabetic retinopathy who were PRP laser naïve were examined with spectral-domain OCT immediately after green solid-state laser or PASCAL® PRP treatment. All three patients demonstrated a significant choroidal detachment immediately after PRP treatment. By one month after PRP, the choroidal detachment resolved spontaneously in all patients. OCT examinations were performed to detect and evaluate the severity and the change of choroidal detachment and thickness measurements were quantified and demonstrated a mean decrease in choroidal thickness of 122 µm (p < 0.05 in all patients). Conventional green solid-state laser and PASCAL® laser both have the risk of developing complications such as choroidal detachment. While the rate of choroidal detachment has been reported to be quite low, this could be due to subclinical, self-limited, choroidal detachments. The risk could be larger than previously reported using modern high-resolution clinical optical imaging such as OCT. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser Treatment in Retinal Diseases)
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Review

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11 pages, 3400 KiB  
Review
Laser Treatment for Retinal Arterial Macroaneurysm
by Lorenzo Bianco, Maciej Gawęcki, Alessio Antropoli, Alessandro Arrigo, Francesco Bandello and Maurizio Battaglia Parodi
Photonics 2022, 9(11), 851; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics9110851 - 11 Nov 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3867
Abstract
Retinal arterial macroaneurysm (RAM) can be defined as an acquired round or fusiform dilation of a retinal artery. RAMs frequently remain stable but, in some cases, can complicate with macular exudation or hemorrhage, resulting in symptomatic disease. While a watch-and-wait approach is the [...] Read more.
Retinal arterial macroaneurysm (RAM) can be defined as an acquired round or fusiform dilation of a retinal artery. RAMs frequently remain stable but, in some cases, can complicate with macular exudation or hemorrhage, resulting in symptomatic disease. While a watch-and-wait approach is the standard option in asymptomatic RAMs, there is no universal agreement regarding treatment of symptomatic cases and randomized clinical trials are warranted. Anti-VEGF intravitreal injections can reduce exudation, albeit multiple treatments may be necessary. Hence, laser treatment may be a better choice to provide a durable control of symptoms while anti-VEGF therapy should be preferred for lesions adjacent to the fovea. Indirect laser is recommended because there is a decreased danger of RAM rupture and hemorrhage. Furthermore, subthreshold laser seems to be comparable to conventional laser in terms of efficacy outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser Treatment in Retinal Diseases)
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