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Photonics
Special Issues
Fundamentals and Applications of Aerosol Analysis with Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy
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Fundamentals and Applications of Aerosol Analysis with Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

A special issue of Photonics (ISSN 2304-6732). This special issue belongs to the section "Optical Interaction Science".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2025 | Viewed by 1267

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Daniel Diaz

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
Interests: laser-breakdown spectroscopy; LIBS; aerosol analysis; laser-based diagnostics; heat transfer
Prof. Dr. David W. Hahn

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
Interests: laser-breakdown spectroscopy; aerosol analysis; biophotonics; laser-based diagnostics; heat transfer; combustion; renewable energy

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is an atomic emission spectroscopy technique that uses a laser-induced plasma as a sampling and excitation source. LIBS can be utilized for rapid and in situ analyses of a wide range of substances, including aerosols. Due to the aerosol’s ubiquitous nature, the study, monitoring, and physicochemical characterization of aerosols are important for climate, environment, industry, medicine, military, research, and engineering applications. The analysis of aerosols is challenging due to their unique physicochemical characteristics (e.g., multiple origins, wide chemical composition and size range) and multiple measurement needs (e.g., real-time results and quantitative results, chemical speciation, particle size distribution). Due to its well-known characteristics, LIBS is uniquely well suited to perform direct and indirect aerosol analysis, and for fundamental studies related to laser-induced plasmas and its diagnostics.

The goal of this Special Issue of Photonics is to present recent progress in the analysis of aerosols with LIBS and related topics. Original research articles and reviews are welcome. Research areas may include (but not limited to) industrial, military, environmental, and medical applications of aerosol analysis, remote LIBS, laser-particle and plasma-particle interactions, optical traps for single particle analysis, laser ablation, single-shot measurements, particle-induced breakdown, and fundamentals and applications of photonics and optics.

Dr. Daniel Diaz
Prof. Dr. David W. Hahn
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Photonics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy
  • aerosols
  • aerosol analysis
  • single-shot analysis
  • plasma–particle interactions
  • ns-LIBS, fs-LIBS
  • remote LIBS

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 950 KiB  
Article
Analysis of Copper and Lead in Aerosols with Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy
by Daniel Diaz, Alejandra Carreon and David W. Hahn
Photonics 2024, 11(12), 1112; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11121112 - 25 Nov 2024
Viewed by 368
Abstract
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) was applied to the analysis of aerosolized Cu- and Pb-bearing particles generated from aqueous solutions. A nitrogen-driven nebulizer was utilized to aerosolize Cu- and Pb-spiked solutions. The liquid matrix of the aqueous droplets was evaporated before the LIBS analysis, [...] Read more.
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) was applied to the analysis of aerosolized Cu- and Pb-bearing particles generated from aqueous solutions. A nitrogen-driven nebulizer was utilized to aerosolize Cu- and Pb-spiked solutions. The liquid matrix of the aqueous droplets was evaporated before the LIBS analysis, and the remaining gas-phase analyte-rich aerosols were analyzed in a LIBS system that featured a 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser, a Czerny–Turner spectrometer, and an ICCD camera. The Cu and Pb concentrations in the aerosol streams were 0.26–1.29 ppm and 0.40–1.19 ppm, respectively. Laser diffraction and the particle size distributions of the aqueous aerosols were obtained to indirectly demonstrate the evaporation of the liquid matrix. Highly linear calibration curves (R2 = 0.995 for Cu and R2 = 0.987 for Pb) and acceptable limits of detection (2 ppb for Cu and 9 ppb for Pb) and quantification (5 ppb and 28 ppb) were obtained. The applications of the presented methodology include the near-real-time and in situ analysis of wastewater and gas-phase aerosols contaminated with heavy metals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fundamentals and Applications of Aerosol Analysis with Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy)
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18 pages, 6611 KiB  
Article
Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy and Shadowgraphy of Acoustically Levitated Heptane Droplets
by Parneeth Lokini, Ciprian Dumitrache, Bret C. Windom and Azer P. Yalin
Photonics 2024, 11(11), 1044; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11111044 - 7 Nov 2024
Viewed by 471
Abstract
In this study, we examined the impact of droplet size and laser energy on droplet fragmentation and the resulting species composition due to laser irradiation of an acoustically levitated heptane droplet. Using shadowgraphy and spatially resolved laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), we observed two [...] Read more.
In this study, we examined the impact of droplet size and laser energy on droplet fragmentation and the resulting species composition due to laser irradiation of an acoustically levitated heptane droplet. Using shadowgraphy and spatially resolved laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), we observed two different fragmentation regimes for the conditions studied. The experiments demonstrated that low laser energy densities (<~70 mJ/mm3), designated as regime 1, resulted in a single plasma breakdown event accompanied by broadband emission and C2 Swan bands, suggesting weak plasma formation. Conversely, high energy densities (>~70 mJ/mm3), designated as regime 2, resulted in multiple plasma breakdowns that resulted in the emission of Hα, O, and N, implying a full laser breakdown in the gaseous reactive mixture. Additionally, in regime 2, we calculated the electron density using Stark broadening of the Hα line and temperature using Boltzmann analysis of O lines at 715 nm and 777 nm. We found that the electron densities and temperatures within the air spark and heptane droplets are quite similar. The findings from this research could impact the design of spray ignition systems and may also aid in validating the modeling efforts of aerosols, droplet breakdown, and ignition. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fundamentals and Applications of Aerosol Analysis with Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy)
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