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Photonics
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Advances in Ultrafast Laser Science and Applications
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Advances in Ultrafast Laser Science and Applications

A special issue of Photonics (ISSN 2304-6732). This special issue belongs to the section "Lasers, Light Sources and Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 January 2025 | Viewed by 5319

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Shuai Yuan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Optical-Electrical Information Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
Interests: THz science; femtosecond fiber laser; plasma; frequency comb
Dr. Mengyun Hu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
2. Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Optics, Chongqing Institute of East China Normal University, Chongqing 401120, China
Interests: laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy; femtosecond laser; plasma; high-power laser; frequency comb
Dr. Min Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Optical-Electrical Information Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
Interests: THz science; femtosecond fiber laser; plasma; frequency comb
Dr. Cang Jin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
OFS Laboratories, 25 Schoolhouse Rd, Somerset, NJ 08844, USA
Interests: high-power fiber laser and amplifier; nonlinearity effect; pulse amplification; fiber optics and optical communications

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Tremendous developments have been made due to the development of ultrafast laser science. In recent years, two Nobel physics prizes have been directly related to ultrafast laser science and applications: Chirped Pulse Amplification (2018 Nobel Prize in physics) and Attosecond Pulse Generation (2023 Nobel Prize in physics).

We are pleased to invite you to submit a research or review article in order to enjoy the development of ultrafast laser science and applications. This Special Issue aims to capture the current state of research related to ultrafast laser science as well as  ultrafast laser technology and applications. For this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome. Research areas may include (but not limited to) the following: ultrafast laser science, such as fabrications of ultrafast laser systems, high-power laser, femtosecond laser frequency comb, and dynamics during pulse formation in lasers and understanding; ultrafast laser technology, including  (but not limited to) ultrafast laser spectroscopy and imaging technology such as ns/ps/fs-induced breakdown spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, frequency comb spectrometer, THz spectroscopy and ultrashort laser imaging; ultrashort pulse writing such as understanding, modeling, ablation/modification, and controlling material behaviors during ultrafast laser processes; ultrafast nonlinearities in the context of light propagation, e.g., supercontinuum/harmonic/THz generation, laser filamentation, multiple-photon ionization and excitation; and other ultrafast laser applications, including surface plasmon resonance, chemical reactions, orbital angular momentum generation and modification by ultrafast pulses, and so forth. We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Shuai Yuan
Dr. Mengyun Hu
Dr. Min Li
Dr. Cang Jin
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Photonics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • ultrafast laser science
  • soliton generation
  • ultrafast laser spectroscopy
  • ultrafast laser imaging
  • ultrafast phenomena
  • surface plasmon resonance
  • ultrashort pulse writing
  • THz science
  • chemical reactions by ultrafast pulses
  • orbital angular momentum generation

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

10 pages, 871 KiB  
Article
Femtosecond Laser Fabrication of Gradient Index Micro-Optics in Chalcogenide Glass
by Thien Le Phu, Mariel Ledesma Molinero, Catherine Boussard-Plédel, David Le Coq and Pascal Masselin
Photonics 2024, 11(11), 1076; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11111076 - 15 Nov 2024
Viewed by 347
Abstract
Gradient refractive index (GRIN) lenses have been widely used for many applications. However, the traditional manufacturing methods of GRIN lenses are very time-consuming and only suitable for macro-scale operations. In addition, those methods do not have the ability to produce other GRIN optical [...] Read more.
Gradient refractive index (GRIN) lenses have been widely used for many applications. However, the traditional manufacturing methods of GRIN lenses are very time-consuming and only suitable for macro-scale operations. In addition, those methods do not have the ability to produce other GRIN optical components with complex refractive index profiles like aspheric or freeform components. We report here an approach to produce GRIN micro-optical components in chalcogenide glass based on a direct laser writing technique. Using this approach, we are able to locally modulate the refractive index of the glass subtrates and create an arbitrary refractive index profile. To prove the flexibility of the method for the production of GRIN micro-optics, we fabricated GRIN micro-lenses and a micro-Fresnel axicon (Fraxicon). The optical properties of micro-lenses can be controlled by varying the writing parameters or the substrate thickness. As a result, the working distance of the micro-lenses can extend from 0 to more than 1000 μm. Also, the micro-Fraxicon exhibits the ability to convert a Gaussian beam to a Bessel-like beam which concentrates the mid-infrared light into an approximately 1200 μm long confinement zone. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Ultrafast Laser Science and Applications)
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8 pages, 1440 KiB  
Communication
1.4 W Passively Q-Switched Mode-Locked Tm:CALGO Laser with a MoS2 Saturable Absorber
by Weijun Ling, Hao Xu, Jinfang Yang, Xue Qiu, Taotao He, Purui An, Chao Bi, Shichao Yuan, Man Wang, Xinye Tian and Zhong Dong
Photonics 2024, 11(11), 997; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11110997 - 22 Oct 2024
Viewed by 650
Abstract
The passively Q-switched mode-locked (QML) operation of a Tm:CaGdAlO4 (Tm:CALGO) bulk laser pumped by a wavelength-tunable Ti:sapphire oscillator using molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) as a saturable absorber was demonstrated. By using an output coupler with 3% transmittance, Q-switched mode-locked operation can [...] Read more.
The passively Q-switched mode-locked (QML) operation of a Tm:CaGdAlO4 (Tm:CALGO) bulk laser pumped by a wavelength-tunable Ti:sapphire oscillator using molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) as a saturable absorber was demonstrated. By using an output coupler with 3% transmittance, Q-switched mode-locked operation can be achieved with 3.56 W absorbed pump power. At a pump power of 6.77 W, laser pulses with the maximum average power of 1.44 W were obtained, corresponding to a slope efficiency of 21.3%. The laser delivered pulses centered at 1927 nm with a repetition frequency of 131.6 MHz. The experimental results confirm the promising application of the MoS2 in high-power Q-switched mode-locked solid-state lasers at 2 µm. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Ultrafast Laser Science and Applications)
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10 pages, 2320 KiB  
Article
A Retrospective Study: Are the Multi-Dips in the THz Spectrum during Laser Filamentation Caused by THz–Plasma Interactions?
by Tiancheng Yu, Xiaofeng Li, Li Lao and Jiayu Zhao
Photonics 2024, 11(8), 705; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11080705 - 29 Jul 2024
Viewed by 728
Abstract
During the process of terahertz (THz) wave generation via femtosecond laser filamentation in air, as well as through the mixing of THz waves with externally injected plasma filaments, THz waves engage in interactions with the plasma. A characteristic feature of this interaction is [...] Read more.
During the process of terahertz (THz) wave generation via femtosecond laser filamentation in air, as well as through the mixing of THz waves with externally injected plasma filaments, THz waves engage in interactions with the plasma. A characteristic feature of this interaction is the modulation of the THz radiation spectrum by the plasma, which includes the generation of THz spectral dips. This information is essential for understanding the underlying mechanisms of THz–plasma interactions or for inferring plasma parameters. However, a current debate exists on the number of THz spectral dips observed after the interaction, with different opinions of single versus multiple dips, thus leaving the interaction mechanisms still ambiguous. In this work, we retrospectively analyzed the experimental appearance of multiple dips in the THz spectrum and found that the current observations of such dips are predominantly a result of the water vapor absorption with a low spectral resolution. Additionally, we observed that altering the acquisition width of the temporal THz signal also influenced the dips’ number. Hence, in future research, simultaneous attention should be paid to the following two aspects of THz–plasma interactions: (1) It is necessary to ensure a sufficiently wide time-domain window to accurately represent the spectral dip characteristics. (2) The spectral dips should be carefully distinguished from the water absorption lines before being further studied. On the other hand, for the case of a single dip in the THz spectrum, we also put forward a new viewpoint of the resonance between surface plasmon waves and THz waves, which should also be taken into consideration in future studies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Ultrafast Laser Science and Applications)
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16 pages, 6620 KiB  
Article
Long-Term Stability Test for Femtosecond Laser-Irradiated SnO2-Nanowire Gas Sensor for C7H8 Gas Sensing
by Sanghoon Ahn, Kang Woo Chun and Changkyoo Park
Photonics 2024, 11(6), 550; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11060550 - 11 Jun 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 952
Abstract
In this study, femtosecond (FS) laser irradiation with different laser energy densities of 138, 276, and 414 mJ/cm2 is applied to SnO2-nanowire (NW) gas sensors, and the effect of the FS laser irradiation on the gas sensor response toward toluene [...] Read more.
In this study, femtosecond (FS) laser irradiation with different laser energy densities of 138, 276, and 414 mJ/cm2 is applied to SnO2-nanowire (NW) gas sensors, and the effect of the FS laser irradiation on the gas sensor response toward toluene (C7H8) gas is investigated. The FS laser irradiation causes oxygen deficiency in the SnO2 NWs and forms SnO and SnOx. Moreover, an embossing surface with multiple nano-sized bumps is created on the SnO2 NW surface because of the FS laser irradiation. The FS laser-irradiated SnO2-NW gas sensor exhibits superior sensing performance compared with the pristine SnO2-NW gas sensor. Moreover, the FS laser energy density significantly affects gas-sensing performance, and the highest sensor response is achieved by the gas sensor irradiated at 138 mJ/cm2. The long-term stability test of the laser-irradiated SnO2-NW gas sensor is performed by comparing fresh and 6-month-old gas sensors in different gas concentrations and relative humidity levels. Comparable gas-sensing behaviors are examined between the fresh and 6-month-old gas sensor, and this verifies the robustness of the laser-irradiated SnO2-NW gas sensor. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Ultrafast Laser Science and Applications)
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10 pages, 7225 KiB  
Article
All-Solid-State Post-Compression of Low-Energy Pulses at High Repetition Rate
by Vaida Marčiulionytė, Jonas Banys, Julius Vengelis, Gintaras Tamošauskas and Audrius Dubietis
Photonics 2024, 11(4), 386; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11040386 - 19 Apr 2024
Viewed by 1259
Abstract
We demonstrate a proof of principle of a simple all-solid-state post-compression setup for low-energy, high-repetition-rate laser pulses, where spectral broadening was performed using a combination of highly nonlinear bulk materials in a simple single-pass geometry. The 75 fs, 210 nJ pulses from an [...] Read more.
We demonstrate a proof of principle of a simple all-solid-state post-compression setup for low-energy, high-repetition-rate laser pulses, where spectral broadening was performed using a combination of highly nonlinear bulk materials in a simple single-pass geometry. The 75 fs, 210 nJ pulses from an amplified 76 MHz, 15.7 W Yb:KGW oscillator after sequential spectral broadening in ZnS and YAG samples of 2 mm and 15 mm thickness, respectively, were compressed to 37 fs by means of Gires–Tournois interferometric mirrors. The post-compressed pulses with an average power of 11.47 W demonstrated reasonable spatial-spectral homogeneity of the beam with the spectral overlap parameter V>83% and good beam quality with Mx2=1.28 and My2=1.14. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Ultrafast Laser Science and Applications)
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