Resistance Training Is Medicine

A special issue of Physiologia (ISSN 2673-9488). This special issue belongs to the section "Exercise Physiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2024) | Viewed by 3758

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
1. School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
2. Principal Investigator, K99/R00, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
Interests: exercise physiology; exercise science; physical activity and health; obesity; energy balance; sport physiology
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Recent global estimates indicate that 30% of adults and 80% of adolescents do not meet the recommendations for aerobic physical activity. With concurrent global increases in sedentary behavior, physical inactivity is now estimated to be responsible for 3.2 million deaths and to cost healthcare systems worldwide INT$ 53.8 billion annually. Resistance training (e.g., weightlifting) is a more movement-varied, non-impact exercise modality that confers many health benefits independent of aerobic activity and that may be better tolerated by the general population with a high prevalence of sedentary behavior and overweight/obesity. However, resistance training is often overshadowed by aerobic activity in public health policy, if not omitted entirely. Therefore, urgent public health action is needed to increase priority and investment directed towards services that promote resistance training and decrease sedentary behavior both within health and other key sectors. Expanding the evidence base that demonstrates the health benefits of resistance training across all age groups will help achieve this. Accordingly, this Special Issue aims to provide selected contributions to advances in cardiometabolic, cardiovascular, mental, and weight-related health from resistance training.

Potential topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • The effect of resistance training on cardiometabolic, cardiovascular, and/or weight-related health;
  • Mediators of resistance training and improved health outcomes;
  • Resistance training and risk of chronic disease (e.g., type 2 diabetes, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), cardiovascular disease);
  • Resistance training in the treatment of chronic disease;
  • Resistance training for increasing physical activity/reducing sedentary behavior;
  • The health benefits of pediatric resistance training.

Dr. Daniel J. McDonough
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • resistance training
  • resistance exercise
  • physical activity
  • sedentary behavior
  • strength training
  • chronic disease
  • risk factors
  • obesity
  • physical health

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 256 KiB  
Article
The Effect of Concurrent Resistance Training on Tethered Force, Lower Limbs Strength, Anaerobic Critical Velocity, and Swimming Performance: A Randomized Controlled Trial
by Xitong Liu, Radomyos Matjiur, Wirat Sonchan, Sukanya Charoenwattana, Phornpot Chainok, Ana Gay, Niromlee Makaje and Rodrigo Zacca
Physiologia 2024, 4(4), 454-464; https://doi.org/10.3390/physiologia4040031 - 5 Dec 2024
Viewed by 742
Abstract
Background: Combining pool-based and resistance workouts, both in the pool and on dry land, is a valuable approach to enhancing swimming performance. However, few investigations have been conducted on this topic. Through a randomized controlled trial study, we investigated the effects of a [...] Read more.
Background: Combining pool-based and resistance workouts, both in the pool and on dry land, is a valuable approach to enhancing swimming performance. However, few investigations have been conducted on this topic. Through a randomized controlled trial study, we investigated the effects of a 10-week concurrent resistance training program, which integrated resistance workouts both in the pool and on dry land on tethered force, lower limbs strength, anaerobic critical velocity, and swimming performance, in regional age-group breaststroke swimmers. Methods: Regional age-group swimmers (N = 24, males) were randomly divided into two groups. The experimental group (EG: 15.1 ± 0.5 years old) performed combined pool-based + resistance workouts, both in the pool and on dry land. The control group (CG: 15.1 ± 0.7 years old) performed their usual training regime, i.e., pool-based + resistance workouts on dry land only. The tethered swimming force, muscular strength, anaerobic critical velocity, and swimming performance and technique of the swimmers were evaluated before the training program began and after 10 weeks. Results: Improvements were observed in the EG vs. the CG in terms of the mean force (30.04%, p = 0.02; d = 0.75), one-repetition maximum back squat (20.57%, p = 0.01; d = 2.05), maximal force (19.23%, p = 0.03; d = 0.69), and anaerobic critical velocity (4.2%, p = 0.04; d = 0.61). The 50 and 200 m breaststroke performance times improved (4.3 and 5.4%, p = 0.01, d = 0.88–0.92, respectively) after 10 weeks. Conclusions: With the increasing demands of contemporary swimming competitions, which often include heats, semifinals, and finals, achieving optimal physical fitness to compete at an elite level, in every round, is vital for swimmers. The combination of resistance training workouts both in the pool and on dry land seems to enhance swimming performance in age-group swimmers, particularly in sprint to middle-distance breaststroke swimmers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Resistance Training Is Medicine)
10 pages, 255 KiB  
Article
Resistance Training or Whey Protein as an Intervention to Preserve Lean Mass in Men Observing Ramadan
by Ahmed S. Amjed, Arwa Abdelhakiem, Natalie Allen, Cory Brune, Matthew L. Sokoloski and Ryan A. Gordon
Physiologia 2024, 4(4), 404-413; https://doi.org/10.3390/physiologia4040026 - 16 Nov 2024
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Abstract
Background: Individuals observe Ramadan fasting for ~11 h per day for 28–30 days, which can negatively affect lean mass. Resistance training or increased protein intake can potentially preserve lean mass in these individuals. Methods: Twenty-three young and healthy adult Muslim men were divided [...] Read more.
Background: Individuals observe Ramadan fasting for ~11 h per day for 28–30 days, which can negatively affect lean mass. Resistance training or increased protein intake can potentially preserve lean mass in these individuals. Methods: Twenty-three young and healthy adult Muslim men were divided into three groups: Ramadan fasting (RAM), Ramadan fasting combined with resistance training (RAM + RT), and Ramadan fasting combined with 30 g of daily whey protein (RAM + WH). Participants’ body mass, body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage, fat mass, and lean mass were measured the week prior to and during the last week of Ramadan via a stadiometer and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Results: Body mass (kg) was decreased for all three groups (RAM = −1%, RAM + RT = −1%, RAM + WH = −1.3%; p = 0.033), though there were no differences between groups. Lean mass (kg) was decreased for all three groups (RAM = −1%, RAM + RT = −1%, RAM + WH = −2%; p = 0.013), though there were no differences between groups. No differences were observed for body weight, BMI, or body fat percentage. Conclusions: These results indicate resistance training or whey protein did not provide any advantage for preserving lean mass in individuals participating in Ramadan fasting. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Resistance Training Is Medicine)

Review

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14 pages, 682 KiB  
Review
The Role of Resistance and Plyometric Training in Firefighter Safety and Performance: A Narrative Review
by Austin A. Kohler, Andrew R. Moore and Angelia M. Holland-Winkler
Physiologia 2024, 4(4), 327-340; https://doi.org/10.3390/physiologia4040020 - 25 Sep 2024
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Abstract
Firefighting is a physically demanding occupation that requires optimal fitness and coordination in addition to other physical and cognitive skills. When firefighters lack the physical fitness necessary to perform their duties, they put themselves and others in danger of injury and even death. [...] Read more.
Firefighting is a physically demanding occupation that requires optimal fitness and coordination in addition to other physical and cognitive skills. When firefighters lack the physical fitness necessary to perform their duties, they put themselves and others in danger of injury and even death. The heavy, unbreathable personal protective equipment worn to shield firefighters from harmful conditions also promotes overall performance decrements via restricted range of motion as well as energy expenditure and heat-related fatigue. Firefighters are expected to carry other heavy loads, such as hose packs, tools, and victims, while working in hazardous environments. In addition to external load carriage, many firefighters also carry excess body fat that may contribute to poor physical fitness and performance. Therefore, it is imperative to incorporate training strategies to optimize load carriage and improve body composition for improved physical performance during emergencies. Thus, the aims of this narrative review are to (1) explore the impact of firefighter-specific issues on physical performance and safety and (2) identify strategies to assess and optimize occupational performance and safety. Plyometrics; resistance training; and exercise selection, volume, and intensity specifically for improving physical performance in firefighters will be discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Resistance Training Is Medicine)
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