The Effects of Global Anthropogenic Trends on Ecosystems

A special issue of Pollutants (ISSN 2673-4672).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2024) | Viewed by 5689

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Engineering (DI), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Ed 8, Palermo, Italy
Interests: solid waste management (SWM); informal waste workers; SWM and health risks; SWM in developing countries; waste recycling; soil remediation technologies; E-waste; health risk assessment
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Guest Editor
Department of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
Interests: solid waste management (SWM); sustainable solid waste collection and treatment strategies; SWM informal sector; SWM in low- and middle–low-income countries; Wasteocene; composting and food security; applied geographic information systems (GIS)

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Guest Editor
Department of Geoscience, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
Interests: system dynamics; hydrology; arid ecosystems; resource management; traditional production systems

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The current era is characterized by several anthropogenic trends that are posing serious threats to productive ecosystems and human safety, also increasing pollution. The purpose of this Special Issue is to focus on three of these megatrends and how they relate to pollution.

The first is climate change, for example, the extensive and intense rainfall variations that have struck the world over the last few years. Indeed, floods can cause the spreading of biological or chemical contaminants, while droughts can lead to the aerial transport of pollutants through dust storms.

The second trend is the proliferation of military tensions that have affected the world over the last few years, starting from Eurasia. Previous studies have already highlighted the prolonged environmental and health consequences of conflicts (e.g., Vietnam War, Balkan War).

The urban expansion represents the third growing phenomenon that, if not adequately organized, can negatively impact the environment and human population. 

It is noteworthy that, in low- and lower-middle-income countries, the situation can be more problematic, where the absence or the inappropriateness of services (e.g., proper drainage or solid waste management systems) represent typical constraints that can worsen the impact.

In this Special Issue, we invite submissions of original research or review papers. Focusing on three megatrends (i.e., military conflicts, climate change, urban expansion) and how they can pollute ecosystems, examples of topics that could be addressed include: new research methodologies; soil and water remediation technologies; context analysis; pollution detection and monitoring; appropriate governance approaches; climate change and increasing pollution; impact on agricultural or marine ecosystems; health risk assessment; ecotoxicology; and epidemiological studies.

Dr. Giovanni Vinti
Dr. Francesca Villa
Dr. Vladimiro Andrea Boselli
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • pollution
  • climate change
  • military conflicts
  • urban expansion
  • remediation technologies
  • health risk
  • waste

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 2066 KiB  
Article
Impact of Artisanal Gold Mining in Community Conserved Areas with High Biodiversity Using a Multi-Criteria Approach: A Case Study in Colombia
by Franco Hernan Gomez, Natalia Pelegri, Juan Guillermo Lopez, Kelly Cristina Torres and Mentore Vaccari
Pollutants 2024, 4(2), 276-290; https://doi.org/10.3390/pollutants4020018 - 3 Jun 2024
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Abstract
Artisanal small-scale gold mining (ASGM) using mercury affects community agreements for the conservation of forests (CoS) and lakes (CoH), which have a high level of biodiversity in the Peasant Reserve Zone of the Cimitarra River Valley (ZRC-VRC) in Colombia. In this research, a [...] Read more.
Artisanal small-scale gold mining (ASGM) using mercury affects community agreements for the conservation of forests (CoS) and lakes (CoH), which have a high level of biodiversity in the Peasant Reserve Zone of the Cimitarra River Valley (ZRC-VRC) in Colombia. In this research, a multi-criteria approach (MCA) was applied to analyze the impact of ASGM. This analysis is based on the community environmental agreements to preserve CoS and CoH areas, the ecological importance of these areas, as well as the results of mercury dispersion in the Cimitarra river basin, with concentrations found 40 km downstream of the mining area of 0.09 µgTHg L−1 in the Cimitarra river, 0.07 µgTHg L−1 in the CoH, and 0.01 mgTHg kg−1 in the tissues of macrophytes, as well as the increase in deforestation since 2020 in the CoS, due to a 1.8% (990 ha) loss of forest cover, with 693 ha of the forest cover loss coinciding with areas related to the opening of new mines. The MCA showed that the main impact is found within the criterion Social and armed conflict, followed by Deforestation. This research offers recommendations to reduce impact scores, such as the implementation of a sustainable development plan (PDS) of the ZRC-VRC, and it highlights the urgent need to safeguard the community conservation areas. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Effects of Global Anthropogenic Trends on Ecosystems)
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20 pages, 4462 KiB  
Article
Effective Removal of Microplastic Particles from Wastewater Using Hydrophobic Bio-Substrates
by Kalyani Prasad Bhagwat, Denis Rodrigue and Laura Romero-Zerón
Pollutants 2024, 4(2), 231-250; https://doi.org/10.3390/pollutants4020015 - 6 May 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2516
Abstract
The rapid increase in soil and water pollution is primarily attributed to anthropogenic factors, notably the mismanagement of post-consumer plastics on a global scale. This exploratory research design evaluated the effectiveness of natural hydrophobic cattail (Typha Latifolia) fibres (CFs) as bio-adsorbents [...] Read more.
The rapid increase in soil and water pollution is primarily attributed to anthropogenic factors, notably the mismanagement of post-consumer plastics on a global scale. This exploratory research design evaluated the effectiveness of natural hydrophobic cattail (Typha Latifolia) fibres (CFs) as bio-adsorbents of microplastic particles (MPPs) from wastewater. The study investigates how the composition of the adsorption environment affects the adsorption rate. Straightforward batch adsorption tests were conducted to evaluate the “spontaneous” sorption of MPPs onto CFs. Five MPP materials (PVC, PP, LDPE, HDPE, and Nylon 6) were evaluated. Industrial wastewater (PW) and Type II Distilled Water (DW) were employed as adsorption environments. The batch test results show that CFs are effective in removing five MPP materials from DW and PW. However, a higher removal percentage of MPPs was observed in PW, ranging from 89% to 100% for PVC, PP, LDPE, and HDPE, while the adsorption of Nylon 6 increased to 29.9%, a removal increase of 50%. These findings indicate that hydrophobic interactions drive the “spontaneous and instantaneous” adsorption process and that adjusting the adsorption environment can effectively enhance the MPP removal rate. This research highlights the significant role that bio-substrates can play in mitigating environmental pollution, serving as efficient, sustainable, non-toxic, biodegradable, low-cost, and reliable adsorbents for the removal of MPPs from wastewaters. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Effects of Global Anthropogenic Trends on Ecosystems)
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