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Polymers
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Polymer Materials for Sensors
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Polymer Materials for Sensors

A special issue of Polymers (ISSN 2073-4360). This special issue belongs to the section "Polymer Applications".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 October 2024) | Viewed by 6538

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Po-Chih Yang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan 32003, Taiwan
Interests: polymer modifications; radical polymerzation; self assembly; organic/inrganic composites ; polymer coatings; biomedical applications
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Polymers contain large numbers of repeating units within their backbone derived from the product of the polymerization of monomeric units. The materials exhibit unique properties based on the types of bonds that exist within their structures and are widely used in different kinds of sensors. For example, due to their chemical inertness, they are used to detect toxic gases and volatile organic compounds. Due to their biocompatibility, they are widely used to detect enzymes, antibodies, nucleic acids, and proteins.

This Special Issue aims to collect high-quality manuscripts on the recent applications of polymer materials in sensors.

Prof. Dr. Po-Chih Yang
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Polymers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 3918 KiB  
Article
Preparations of Polyurethane Foam Composite (PUFC) Pads Containing Micro-/Nano-Crystalline Cellulose (MCC/NCC) toward the Chemical Mechanical Polishing Process
by Yi-Shen Huang, Yu-Wen Huang, Qiao-Wen Luo, Chao-Hsing Lin, Penjit Srinophakun, Supanicha Alapol, Kun-Yi Andrew Lin and Chih-Feng Huang
Polymers 2024, 16(19), 2738; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16192738 - 27 Sep 2024
Viewed by 815
Abstract
Polyurethane foam (PUF) pads are widely used in semiconductor manufacturing, particularly for chemical mechanical polishing (CMP). This study prepares PUF composites with microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) to improve CMP performance. MCC and NCC were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) [...] Read more.
Polyurethane foam (PUF) pads are widely used in semiconductor manufacturing, particularly for chemical mechanical polishing (CMP). This study prepares PUF composites with microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) to improve CMP performance. MCC and NCC were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), showing average diameters of 129.7 ± 30.9 nm for MCC and 22.2 ± 6.7 nm for NCC, both with high crystallinity (ca. 89%). Prior to preparing composites, the study on the influence of the postbaked step on the PUF was monitored through Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). After that, PUF was incorporated with MCC/NCC to afford two catalogs of polyurethane foam composites (i.e., PUFC-M and PUFC-N). These PUFCs were examined for their thermal and surface properties using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA), and water contact angle (WCA) measurements. Tgs showed only slight changes but a notable increase in the 10% weight loss temperature (Td10%) for PUFCs, rising from 277 °C for PUF to about 298 °C for PUFCs. The value of Tan δ dropped by up to 11%, indicating improved elasticity. Afterward, tensile and abrasion tests were conducted, and we acquired significant enhancements in the abrasion performance (e.g., from 1.04 mm/h for the PUF to 0.76 mm/h for a PUFC-N) of the PUFCs. Eventually, we prepared high-performance PUFCs and demonstrated their capability toward the practical CMP process. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polymer Materials for Sensors)
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17 pages, 4151 KiB  
Article
Polyaniline Composites Containing Eco-Friendly Biomass Carbon from Agricultural-Waste Coconut Husk for Enhancing Gas Sensor Performance in Hydrogen Sulfide Detection
by Kun-Hao Luo, Minsi Yan, Yu-Han Hung, Jia-Yu Kuang, Hsing-Chih Chang, Ying-Jang Lai and Jui-Ming Yeh
Polymers 2023, 15(23), 4554; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15234554 - 28 Nov 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1562
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide, a colorless, flammable gas with a distinct rotten egg odor, poses severe health risks in industrial settings. Sensing hydrogen sulfide is crucial for safeguarding worker safety and preventing potential accidents. This study investigated the gas-sensing performance of an electroactive polymer (i.e., [...] Read more.
Hydrogen sulfide, a colorless, flammable gas with a distinct rotten egg odor, poses severe health risks in industrial settings. Sensing hydrogen sulfide is crucial for safeguarding worker safety and preventing potential accidents. This study investigated the gas-sensing performance of an electroactive polymer (i.e., polyaniline, PANI) and its composites with active carbon (AC) (i.e., PANI-AC1 and PANI-AC3) toward H2S at room temperature. PANI-AC composites-coated IDE gas sensors were fabricated and their capability of detecting H2S at concentrations ranging from 1 ppm to 30 ppm was tested. The superior gas-sensing performance of the PANI-AC composites can be attributed to the increased surface area of the materials, which provided increased active sites for doping processes and enhanced the sensing capability of the composites. Specifically, the incorporation of AC in the PANI matrix resulted in a substantial improvement in the doping process, which led to stronger gas-sensing responses with higher repeatability and higher stability toward H2S compared to the neat PANI-coated IDE sensor. Furthermore, the as-prepared IDE gas sensor exhibited the best sensing response toward H2S at 60% RH. The use of agricultural-waste coconut husk for the synthesis of these high-performance gas-sensing materials promotes sustainable and eco-friendly practices while improving the detection and monitoring of H2S gas in industrial settings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polymer Materials for Sensors)
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14 pages, 4066 KiB  
Article
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Functionalized Carbon Nanodots and Their Clusters as Ionic Probe for High Sensitivity and Selectivity for Sulfate Anions with Excellent Detection Level
by Po-Chih Yang, Pradeep Kumar Panda, Cheng-Han Li, Yu-Xuan Ting, Yasser Ashraf Gandomi and Chien-Te Hsieh
Polymers 2023, 15(12), 2655; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15122655 - 12 Jun 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1741
Abstract
Nitrogen-doped carbon nanodots (CNDs) were synthesized and utilized as sensing probes to detect different anions and metallic ions within aqueous solutions. The pristine CNDs were developed through a one-pot hydrothermal synthesis. o-Phenylenediamine was used as the precursor. A similar hydrothermal synthesis technique [...] Read more.
Nitrogen-doped carbon nanodots (CNDs) were synthesized and utilized as sensing probes to detect different anions and metallic ions within aqueous solutions. The pristine CNDs were developed through a one-pot hydrothermal synthesis. o-Phenylenediamine was used as the precursor. A similar hydrothermal synthesis technique in the presence of polyethylene glycol (PEG) was adopted to form the PEG-coated CND clusters (CND-100k). Through photoluminescence (PL) quenching, both CND and PEG-coated CND suspensions display ultra-high sensitivity and selectivity towards HSO4− anions (Stern–Volmer quenching constant (KSV) value: 0.021 ppm−1 for CND and 0.062 ppm−1 for CND-100k) with an ultra-low detection limit (LOD value: 0.57 ppm for the CND and 0.19 ppm for CND-100k) in the liquid phase. The quenching mechanism of N-doped CNDs towards HSO4− ions involves forming the bidentate as well as the monodentate hydrogen bonding with the sulfate anionic moieties. The detection mechanism of metallic ions analyzed through the Stern–Volmer formulation reveals that the CND suspension is well suited for the detection of Fe3+ (KSV value: 0.043 ppm−1) and Fe2+ (KSV value: 0.0191 ppm−1) ions, whereas Hg2+ (KSV value: 0.078 ppm−1) sensing can be precisely performed by the PEG-coated CND clusters. Accordingly, the CND suspensions developed in this work can be employed as high-performance PL probes for detecting various anions and metallic ions in the liquid phase. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polymer Materials for Sensors)
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Review

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27 pages, 5477 KiB  
Review
Fiber-Type Transistor-Based Chemical and Physical Sensors Using Conjugated Polymers
by Ky Van Nguyen, Donggeun Lee, Youngnan Kim and Wi Hyoung Lee
Polymers 2023, 15(20), 4062; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15204062 - 12 Oct 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1700
Abstract
Fiber-type electronics is a crucial field for realizing wearable electronic devices with a wide range of sensing applications. In this paper, we begin by discussing the fabrication of fibers from conjugated polymers. We then explore the utilization of these fibers in the development [...] Read more.
Fiber-type electronics is a crucial field for realizing wearable electronic devices with a wide range of sensing applications. In this paper, we begin by discussing the fabrication of fibers from conjugated polymers. We then explore the utilization of these fibers in the development of field-effect and electrochemical transistors. Finally, we investigate the diverse applications of these fiber-type transistors, encompassing chemical and physical sensors. Our paper aims to offer a comprehensive understanding of the use of conjugated polymers in fiber-type transistor-based sensors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polymer Materials for Sensors)
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