Waste Biorefinery Technologies for Accelerating Sustainable Energy Processes, 2nd Edition

A special issue of Reactions (ISSN 2624-781X).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 October 2025 | Viewed by 391

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor

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Guest Editor
VALORIZA—Research Center for Endogenous Resource Valorization, Campus Politécnico, 10, 7300-555 Portalegre, Portugal
Interests: bioenergy; biofuels; biochar; pyrolysis; gasification; refuse derived fuels; biomass wastes
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Mechanical Engineering and Resource Sustainability Center, Faculty of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
Interests: biofuels; biomass; thermochemical processes; waste valorization; microalgae; biorefineries
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

By 2030, the bio-based economy is expected to have grown significantly in Europe. One of the pillars of this bioeconomy is the concept of biorefinery, the sustainable processing of several kinds of waste and biomass into a spectrum of marketable products and energy. While many research efforts have been conducted toward understanding, modelling, and designing conversion processes that can sustain a true circular economy, this knowledge is fragmented and unevenly distributed across Europe. Several countries lack appropriate policies and public engagement to endeavour the challenges ahead. Harmonisation must start with robust knowledge and the ability to cover the entire value chain, from source materials to marketable products. That is the mission of COST Action CA20127—waste biorefinery technologies for accelerating sustainable energy processes (WIRE).

The WIRE COST Action is broadly organised into four key working groups (WGs) that bring together experts from academia, industry, and technology transfer organisations and cover (1) raw materials, (2) biorefinery conversion technologies, (3) biorefinery applications, and (4) communication and dissemination. These WGs will proactively contribute to promoting (i) the circular economy, (ii) bioenergy and bioeconomy, (iii) research and innovation in the field, (iv) applied research towards biorefineries’ implementation, and (v) EU-wide harmonisation of the scientific and technical approaches, thus facilitating engagement with policy-makers and industry, laying the groundwork for a more effective link with the relevant industry sectors and attracting their interest.

This Special Issue in Reactions aims to publish some of the outcomes of WIRE COST Action and other research works that fall within the topic of the issue. We hope that this Special Issue can positively influence the future landscape in science and technology in the critical field of waste biorefineries.

Dr. Diogo M.F. Santos
Dr. Catarina Nobre
Dr. Paulo Brito
Dr. Margarida Gonçalves
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • biorefinery
  • biomass
  • waste valorization
  • biofuels

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19 pages, 4042 KiB  
Article
Electrolysis of Liquefied Biomass for Sustainable Hydrogen and Organic Compound Production: A Biorefinery Approach
by Ana P. R. A. Ferreira, M. Margarida Mateus and Diogo M. F. Santos
Reactions 2025, 6(1), 10; https://doi.org/10.3390/reactions6010010 - 2 Feb 2025
Viewed by 256
Abstract
Liquefaction is an effective thermochemical process for converting lignocellulosic biomass into bio-oil, a hydrocarbon-rich resource. This study explores liquefied biomass electrolysis as a novel method to promote the electrocracking of organic molecules into value-added compounds while simultaneously producing hydrogen (H2). Key [...] Read more.
Liquefaction is an effective thermochemical process for converting lignocellulosic biomass into bio-oil, a hydrocarbon-rich resource. This study explores liquefied biomass electrolysis as a novel method to promote the electrocracking of organic molecules into value-added compounds while simultaneously producing hydrogen (H2). Key innovations include utilizing water from the liquefaction process as an electrolyte component to minimize industrial waste and incorporating carbon dioxide (CO2) into the process to enhance decarbonization efforts and generate valuable byproducts. The electrolysis process was optimized by adding 2 M KOH, and voltammetric methods were employed to analyze the resulting emulsion. The experimental conditions, such as the temperature, anode material, current type, applied cell voltage, and CO2 bubbling, were systematically evaluated. Direct current electrolysis at 70 °C using nickel electrodes produced 55 mL of H2 gas with the highest Faradaic (43%) and energetic (39%) efficiency. On the other hand, pulsed electrolysis at room temperature generated a higher H2 gas volume (102 mL) but was less efficient, showing 30% Faradaic and 11% energetic efficiency. FTIR analysis revealed no significant functional group changes in the electrolyte post-electrolysis. Additionally, the solid deposits formed at the anode had an ash content of 36%. This work demonstrates that electrocracking bio-oil is a clean, sustainable approach to H2 production and the synthesis of valuable organic compounds, offering significant potential for biorefinery applications. Full article
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