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Sensors Technology in Autonomous Vehicles and Automated Driving Status, Perspectives and Societal Impact

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Vehicular Sensing".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2024) | Viewed by 7620

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Institute of Mechanical Engineering and Security Science, Obuda University, H-1034 Budapest, Hungary
Interests: information security of self-driving vehicles
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Automatics and Applied Software, Faculty of Engineering, Aurel Vlaicu University of Arad, Ro-310025 Arad, Romania
Interests: neuro-fuzzy technologies; fuzzy logic approaches; adaptive fuzzy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department Automatic Control Engineering, Feng Chia University, Wenhwa Rd, Seatwen, Taichung 40724, Taiwan
Interests: image processing; optimal control; robust control; advanced vehicle safety assistant systems
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Self-driving vehicles are expected to significantly reduce the number of fatal accidents caused by human error by enabling faster decision-making by a central unit that processes signals from built-in sensors. Level 4 self-driving vehicles are already on the road, capable of handling a large proportion of traffic situations and making driving more comfortable. Researchers are slowly focusing on the implementation of Level 5 full self-driving, which can now get passengers to their destination without human intervention, overcoming all traffic obstacles. As well as reducing the number of accidents, self-driving can be a convenience and, in some cases, a life-saving feature, allowing sick people to get to hospital faster without having to wait for an ambulance. Successful implementation will require not only good decision-making after proper processing of the data from sensors, but also social acceptance, as self-driving vehicles will have a significant impact on today's transport. Particular attention should be paid to the transition period, when more and more self-driving vehicles will appear on the roads alongside conventional vehicles. It is important to study the reaction and behaviour of drivers and pedestrians in this environment. This special issue of the journal focuses on these areas.

Potential topics include but are not limited to:

  • Processing sensor data from self-driving vehicles
  • Central unit decision-making
  • Societal issues in the field of self-driving vehicles
  • Perspectives in the field of self-driving
  • Possible sensors in future self-driving vehicles

Dr. Gábor Kiss
Prof. Dr. Valentina E. Balas
Prof. Dr. Yu-Chen Lin
Guest Editors

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 3335 KiB  
Article
Intelligent Tire Prototype in Longitudinal Slip Operating Conditions
by Jennifer Bastiaan, Abhishek Chawan, Wookjin Eum, Khalil Alipour, Foroogh Rouhollahi, Mohammad Behroozi and Javad Baqersad
Sensors 2024, 24(9), 2681; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24092681 - 23 Apr 2024
Viewed by 1328
Abstract
With the recent advances in autonomous vehicles, there is an increasing need for sensors that can help monitor tire–road conditions and the forces that are applied to the tire. The footprint area of a tire that makes direct contact with the road surface, [...] Read more.
With the recent advances in autonomous vehicles, there is an increasing need for sensors that can help monitor tire–road conditions and the forces that are applied to the tire. The footprint area of a tire that makes direct contact with the road surface, known as the contact patch, is a key parameter for determining a vehicle’s effectiveness in accelerating, braking, and steering at various velocities. Road unevenness from features such as potholes and cracks results in large fluctuations in the contact patch surface area. Such conditions can eventually require the driver to perform driving maneuvers unorthodox to normal traffic patterns, such as excessive pedal depressions or large steering inputs, which can escalate to hazards such as the loss of control or impact. The integration of sensors into the inner liner of a tire has proven to be a promising method for extracting real-time tire-to-road contact patch interface data. In this research, a tire model is developed using Abaqus/CAE and analyzed using Abaqus/Explicit to study the nonlinear behavior of a rolling tire. Strain variations are investigated at the contact patch in three major longitudinal slip driving scenarios, including acceleration, braking, and free-rolling. Multiple vertical loading conditions on the tire are applied and studied. An intelligent tire prototype called KU-iTire is developed and tested to validate the strain results obtained from the simulations. Similar operating and loading conditions are applied to the physical prototype and the simulation model such that valid comparisons can be made. The experimental investigation focuses on the effectiveness of providing usable and reliable tire-to-road contact patch strain variation data under several longitudinal slip operating conditions. In this research, a correlation between FEA and experimental testing was observed between strain shape for free-rolling, acceleration, and braking conditions. A relationship between peak longitudinal strain and vertical load in free-rolling driving conditions was also observed and a correlation was observed between FEA and physical testing. Full article
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Review

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40 pages, 1012 KiB  
Review
Analyzing Factors Influencing Situation Awareness in Autonomous Vehicles—A Survey
by Henry Alexander Ignatious, Hesham El-Sayed, Manzoor Ahmed Khan and Bassem Mahmoud Mokhtar
Sensors 2023, 23(8), 4075; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23084075 - 18 Apr 2023
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 5208
Abstract
Autonomous driving of higher automation levels asks for optimal execution of critical maneuvers in all environments. A crucial prerequisite for such optimal decision-making instances is accurate situation awareness of automated and connected vehicles. For this, vehicles rely on the sensory data captured from [...] Read more.
Autonomous driving of higher automation levels asks for optimal execution of critical maneuvers in all environments. A crucial prerequisite for such optimal decision-making instances is accurate situation awareness of automated and connected vehicles. For this, vehicles rely on the sensory data captured from onboard sensors and information collected through V2X communication. The classical onboard sensors exhibit different capabilities and hence a heterogeneous set of sensors is required to create better situation awareness. Fusion of the sensory data from such a set of heterogeneous sensors poses critical challenges when it comes to creating an accurate environment context for effective decision-making in AVs. Hence this exclusive survey analyses the influence of mandatory factors like data pre-processing preferably data fusion along with situation awareness toward effective decision-making in the AVs. A wide range of recent and related articles are analyzed from various perceptive, to pick the major hiccups, which can be further addressed to focus on the goals of higher automation levels. A section of the solution sketch is provided that directs the readers to the potential research directions for achieving accurate contextual awareness. To the best of our knowledge, this survey is uniquely positioned for its scope, taxonomy, and future directions. Full article
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