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Biosensors for Antibody Detection

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Biosensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2017) | Viewed by 10598

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, MSC08 4660, 1, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001, USA
Interests: T cell tolerance and autoimmunity; T cell development in the thymus; systemic and drug-induced lupus; autoantibody biosensors

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

An immunosensor in which antibody is the analyte of interest requires a target antigen as the antibody-capturing agent. Blood-borne antibodies can provide a highly-sensitive and specific history of an individual’s exposure to a foreign antigen, or to the presence of an inappropriate immune response to potentially antigenic materials, such as self-antigens, non-pathogenic environmental antigens, or medications. However, in contrast to immunosensors utilizing antibodies to capture molecular analytes, antibody immunosensors pose special problems due to the heterogeneity, complexity, and concentration of immunoglobulins in natural biological fluids. Consequently, the value of specific antibody measurement is principally determined by its protective, diagnostic, or pathogenic significance as assessed by clinical correlative studies and/or by comparison to standard or reference conventional antibody assays.  This can be a challenging hurdle in the development of immunosensors for antibody. Nevertheless, there is growing interest and need for rapid and reliable antibody biosensors for monitoring infectious, autoimmune, inflammatory, immune deficiency and allergic diseases as well as for spontaneous responses to tumor antigens in cancer diagnosis, to alloantigens in organ transplantation and to therapeutic macromolecules. This Special Issue of Sensors invites contributions in these and related areas focusing on development of biosensors for specific antibodies.

Prof. Dr. Robert Rubin
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Quantitative biosensors for specific antibody
  • Qualitative biosensors such as line or spot biosensors
  • Point-of-care applications or potential
  • Isotype-restricted sensors for specific antibody
  • Total specific antibody sensors
  • Microfluidics and miniaturization improvements in antibody sensors
  • Label-free, mediator-less antibody sensors
  • Electrochemical biosensors (amperometric, coulometric, impedimetric, potentiometric)

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

2515 KiB  
Article
Theoretical and Experimental Comparison of Different Formats of Immunochromatographic Serodiagnostics
by Dmitriy V. Sotnikov, Anatoly V. Zherdev and Boris B. Dzantiev
Sensors 2018, 18(1), 36; https://doi.org/10.3390/s18010036 - 25 Dec 2017
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 4195
Abstract
In this study, a comparative theoretical and experimental analysis of two immuno-chromatographic serodiagnostics schemes, which differ in the immobilization of immunoreagents and the order of the formation of immune complexes, is performed. Based on the theoretical models, the assays are characterized to determine [...] Read more.
In this study, a comparative theoretical and experimental analysis of two immuno-chromatographic serodiagnostics schemes, which differ in the immobilization of immunoreagents and the order of the formation of immune complexes, is performed. Based on the theoretical models, the assays are characterized to determine which scheme has a higher quantity of the detected complex and thus ensures the sensitivity of the analysis. The results show that for the effective detection of low-affinity antibodies, the scheme involving the immobilization of the antigen on gold nanoparticles and the antibody-binding protein on the test strip was more sensitive than the predominantly used scheme, which inverts the immunoreagents’ locations. The theoretical predictions were confirmed by the experimental testing of sera collected from tuberculosis patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosensors for Antibody Detection)
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4080 KiB  
Article
Microshell Arrays Enhanced Sensitivity in Detection of Specific Antibody for Reduced Graphene Oxide Optical Sensor
by Wen-Shuai Jiang, Wei Xin, Shao-Nan Chen, Cun-Bo Li, Xiao-Guang Gao, Lei-Ting Pan, Zhi-Bo Liu and Jian-Guo Tian
Sensors 2017, 17(2), 221; https://doi.org/10.3390/s17020221 - 24 Jan 2017
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 5606
Abstract
Protein-protein interactions play an important role in the investigation of biomolecules. In this paper, we reported on the use of a reduced graphene oxide microshell (RGOM)-based optical biosensor for the determination of goat anti-rabbit IgG. The biosensor was prepared through a self-assembly of [...] Read more.
Protein-protein interactions play an important role in the investigation of biomolecules. In this paper, we reported on the use of a reduced graphene oxide microshell (RGOM)-based optical biosensor for the determination of goat anti-rabbit IgG. The biosensor was prepared through a self-assembly of monolayers of monodisperse polystyrene microspheres, combined with a high-temperature reduction, in order to decorate the RGOM with rabbit IgG. The periodic microshells allowed a simpler functionalization and modification of RGOM with bioreceptor units, than reduced graphene oxide (RGO). With additional antibody-antigen binding, the RGOM-based biosensor achieved better real-time and label-free detection. The RGOM-based biosensor presented a more satisfactory response to goat anti-rabbit IgG than the RGO-based biosensor. This method is promising for immobilizing biomolecules on graphene surfaces and for the fabrication of biosensors with enhanced sensitivity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosensors for Antibody Detection)
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