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Intelligent Sensing Technologies for Nondestructive Evaluation 2018
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Intelligent Sensing Technologies for Nondestructive Evaluation 2018

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Physical Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 October 2018) | Viewed by 21830

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Octavian Postolache

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Instituto de Telecomunicações, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
2. Escola de Tecnologias e Arquitetura (ISTA), ISCTE-Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, 1600-077 Lisboa, Portugal
3. DCTI-Departamento de Ciências e Tecnologias da Informação, ISCTE-Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, 1600-077 Lisboa, Portugal
Interests: smart sensors; automated measurement systems; artificial intelligence; biomedical sensors; intelligent transportation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nondestructive evaluation (NDE) sensing has progressed significantly in the past few years. Especially, smart sensors play an increasingly important role in structural damage detection efforts. There is growing progress in the performance of strategic sensors, such as piezoelectric sensors, as well as noncontact sensors, such as air-coupled transducers, magnetic flux leakage sensors and pulsed laser ultrasonic propagation applications. The most progress has been made in the development of use and application software for all technologies. We are now able to enhance damage resolutions and then focus on damage visualization in many applications.

This Special Issue aims to highlight advances in the development, testing, and use of damage visualization tools for smart sensor-based nondestructive evaluations. Topics include, but are not limited to:

  • New developments in smart sensing-based nondestructive evaluations
  • Magnetic flux leakage sensors
  • Laser scanning-based ultrasonic propagation sensors
  • Piezoelectric sensors
  • Air-coupled transducers
  • Damage detection and visualization
  • Nondestructive testing (NDT)  with Thermography

Prof. Dr. Octavian Postolache
Guest Editor

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • smart sensors
  • damage detection
  • damage visualization
  • nondestructive evaluation
  • structural and infrastructural health monitoring
  • signal and image processing

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 3472 KiB  
Article
Analysis of Water, Ethanol, and Fructose Mixtures Using Nondestructive Resonant Spectroscopy of Mechanical Vibrations and a Grouping Genetic Algorithm
by Pilar García Díaz, Juan Antonio Martínez Rojas, Manuel Utrilla Manso and Leticia Monasterio Expósito
Sensors 2018, 18(8), 2695; https://doi.org/10.3390/s18082695 - 16 Aug 2018
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2884
Abstract
A new haptic sensor that is based on vibration produced by mechanical excitation from a clock coupled to a resonant cavity is presented. This sensor is intended to determine the chemical composition of liquid mixtures in a completely non-destructive method. In this case, [...] Read more.
A new haptic sensor that is based on vibration produced by mechanical excitation from a clock coupled to a resonant cavity is presented. This sensor is intended to determine the chemical composition of liquid mixtures in a completely non-destructive method. In this case, a set of 23 samples of water, ethanol, and fructose mixtures has been used to simulate different kinds of alcoholic beverage. The spectral information from the vibrational absorption bands of liquid samples is analyzed by a Grouping Genetic Algorithm. An Extreme Learning Machine implements the fitness function that is able to classify the mixtures according to the concentration of ethanol and fructose. The 23 samples range from 0%–13% by volume of ethanol and from 0–3 g/L of fructose, all of them with different concentration. The new technique achieves an average classification accuracy of 96%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intelligent Sensing Technologies for Nondestructive Evaluation 2018)
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22 pages, 12147 KiB  
Article
Application of Air-Coupled Ultrasonic Arrays for Excitation of a Slow Antisymmetric Lamb Wave
by Rymantas J. Kazys, Almantas Vilpisauskas and Justina Sestoke
Sensors 2018, 18(8), 2636; https://doi.org/10.3390/s18082636 - 11 Aug 2018
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3913
Abstract
Air-coupled excitation and reception of ultrasonic guided waves is already used for non-destructive testing and evaluation (NDT & E). Usually for air-coupled NDT & E purposes the lowest zero-order antisymmetric Lamb wave mode A0 is used, because it is most sensitive to [...] Read more.
Air-coupled excitation and reception of ultrasonic guided waves is already used for non-destructive testing and evaluation (NDT & E). Usually for air-coupled NDT & E purposes the lowest zero-order antisymmetric Lamb wave mode A0 is used, because it is most sensitive to internal defects and thickness variations. The velocity of the A0 mode is reduced with a reducing frequency and at low frequencies may become slower than the ultrasound velocity in air. Such a wave is named a slow Lamb wave. The objective of this research was the development and investigation of an air-coupled excitation method of the slow zero-order antisymmetric Lamb wave based on application of a piezoceramic ultrasonic array. We have proposed to excite the A0 mode by a planar air-coupled phased array with rectangular elements. The array is matched to the wavelength of the A0 mode in the film. Performance of such an excitation method was investigated both theoretically and experimentally. Two excitation methods of the array were analysed: when all array elements were excited simultaneously or one by one with a proper delay. In order to reduce crosstalk between array elements via the air gap, we have proposed an optimization procedure based on additional shifts of electric excitation impulses of the array elements. For experimental verification of the proposed approach a prototype of the air-coupled eight element array made of Pz-29 piezoceramic strips was manufactured. Experimental validation confirmed the possibility of exciting the slow A0 Lamb wave mode through the air gap in thin plates and films. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intelligent Sensing Technologies for Nondestructive Evaluation 2018)
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15 pages, 4219 KiB  
Article
Ultrasonic Phased Array Sparse-TFM Imaging Based on Sparse Array Optimization and New Edge-Directed Interpolation
by Hongwei Hu, Jian Du, Chengbao Ye and Xiongbing Li
Sensors 2018, 18(6), 1830; https://doi.org/10.3390/s18061830 - 5 Jun 2018
Cited by 27 | Viewed by 5904
Abstract
The ultrasonic phased array total focusing method (TFM) has the advantages of full-range dynamic focusing and high imaging resolution, but the problem of long imaging time limits its practically industrial applications. To reduce the imaging calculation demand of TFM, the locations of active [...] Read more.
The ultrasonic phased array total focusing method (TFM) has the advantages of full-range dynamic focusing and high imaging resolution, but the problem of long imaging time limits its practically industrial applications. To reduce the imaging calculation demand of TFM, the locations of active array elements in the sparse array are optimized by combining almost different sets with the genetic algorithm (ADSGA), and corrected based on the consistency of the effective aperture with the equivalent point diffusion function. At the same time, to further increase the imaging efficiency, a sparse-TFM image with lower resolution is obtained by reducing the number of focus points and then interpolated by the new edge-directed interpolation algorithm (NEDI) to obtain a high quality sparse-TFM image. Compared with TFM, the experimental results show that the quantitative accuracy of the proposed method is only decreased by 1.09% when the number of sparse transmitting elements reaches 8 for a 32-element transducer, and the imaging speed is improved by about 16 times with the same final pixel resolution. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intelligent Sensing Technologies for Nondestructive Evaluation 2018)
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17 pages, 4475 KiB  
Article
A Comparison between the Decimated Padé Approximant and Decimated Signal Diagonalization Methods for Leak Detection in Pipelines Equipped with Pressure Sensors
by Aimé Lay-Ekuakille, Laura Fabbiano, Gaetano Vacca, Joël Kidiamboko Kitoko, Patrice Bibala Kulapa and Vito Telesca
Sensors 2018, 18(6), 1810; https://doi.org/10.3390/s18061810 - 4 Jun 2018
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3260
Abstract
Pipelines conveying fluids are considered strategic infrastructures to be protected and maintained. They generally serve for transportation of important fluids such as drinkable water, waste water, oil, gas, chemicals, etc. Monitoring and continuous testing, especially on-line, are necessary to assess the condition of [...] Read more.
Pipelines conveying fluids are considered strategic infrastructures to be protected and maintained. They generally serve for transportation of important fluids such as drinkable water, waste water, oil, gas, chemicals, etc. Monitoring and continuous testing, especially on-line, are necessary to assess the condition of pipelines. The paper presents findings related to a comparison between two spectral response algorithms based on the decimated signal diagonalization (DSD) and decimated Padé approximant (DPA) techniques that allow to one to process signals delivered by pressure sensors mounted on an experimental pipeline. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intelligent Sensing Technologies for Nondestructive Evaluation 2018)
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14 pages, 19468 KiB  
Article
Quantitative Detection of Cracks in Steel Using Eddy Current Pulsed Thermography
by Zhanqun Shi, Xiaoyu Xu, Jiaojiao Ma, Dong Zhen and Hao Zhang
Sensors 2018, 18(4), 1070; https://doi.org/10.3390/s18041070 - 2 Apr 2018
Cited by 32 | Viewed by 4945
Abstract
Small cracks are common defects in steel and often lead to catastrophic accidents in industrial applications. Various nondestructive testing methods have been investigated for crack detection; however, most current methods focus on qualitative crack identification and image processing. In this study, eddy current [...] Read more.
Small cracks are common defects in steel and often lead to catastrophic accidents in industrial applications. Various nondestructive testing methods have been investigated for crack detection; however, most current methods focus on qualitative crack identification and image processing. In this study, eddy current pulsed thermography (ECPT) was applied for quantitative crack detection based on derivative analysis of temperature variation. The effects of the incentive parameters on the temperature variation were analyzed in the simulation study. The crack profile and position are identified in the thermal image based on the Canny edge detection algorithm. Then, one or more trajectories are determined through the crack profile in order to determine the crack boundary through its temperature distribution. The slope curve along the trajectory is obtained. Finally, quantitative analysis of the crack sizes was performed by analyzing the features of the slope curves. The experimental verification showed that the crack sizes could be quantitatively detected with errors of less than 1%. Therefore, the proposed ECPT method was demonstrated to be a feasible and effective nondestructive approach for quantitative crack detection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intelligent Sensing Technologies for Nondestructive Evaluation 2018)
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