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Classical Biomedical Image Analysis in the Era of Deep Learning: Relevance, Complementarity and Hybrid Methods

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomedical Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2021) | Viewed by 16054

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Computer Science and Biomedical Informatics, University of Thessaly, 35131 Lamia, Greece
Interests: pattern recognition; computer vision; expert systems; biomedical applications
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Computer Science and Biomedical Informatics, University of Thessaly, Papasiopoulou 2-4, 35131 Lamia, Greece
Interests: signal/image processing and analysis; pattern recognition, data mining & machine learning; software engineering; bio-inspired algorithms & fuzzy systems; decision support & cognitive systems; challenging applications including but not limited to clinical informatics and biomedical engineering
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The deep learning breakthrough dramatically affected all areas of computer vision and image analysis with subsequent repercussions in biomedical image analysis. The state of the art in standard related tasks, such as classification, retrieval and segmentation of biomedical images has been conquered by methods based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs), recurrent neural networks (RNNs) or reinforcement learning. Various CNN-based configurations, such as CifarNet, AlexNet, GoggLeNet, ResNet50, VCG16, and DenseNet, have demonstrated classification accuracy that challenges the one obtained by domain experts. Still, several issues complicate the successful adoption of such methods in clinical practice: 1) deep learning approaches usually rely on the availability of large labelled datasets, which are often hard to obtain, 2) despite the high overall accuracies obtained, deep architectures often appear as ‘black boxes’ and their results cannot be intuitively interpreted by domain experts, 3) the deployment of deep architectures often relies on GPUs and expensive hardware.

On the other hand, ‘classical’ image analysis methods, based on handmade features (SIFT, SURF, LBP, BRIEF etc.), bag-of-visual words, standard classifiers (random forests, SVMs,…), standard segmentation approaches (level-sets, graph-cuts,…), and rule-based decisions, have been refined for several years and, despite their limitations, provide alternatives with respect to the aforementioned issues. This Special Issue is dedicated to biomedical applications of such classical methods, in a complementary fashion to deep neural networks (DNNs). Submitted works could be original contributions, including but not limited to:

  • Hybrid schemes combining handcrafted features and DNN-learned features,
  • Computer-aided Diagnosis systems combining rule-based and DNN-based components,
  • Intelligent labelling techniques employing classical methods,
  • Pretasks for DNN training based on classical image analysis methods,
  • Standalone ‘classical’ methods, provided that quantitative or qualitative comparisons with DNNs indicate some advantage in terms of accuracy, efficiency, dataset requirements etc.

Reviews on related challenging topics or comparative studies evaluating classical and DNN-based methods are also welcome.

Prof. Dr. Michalis Savelonas
Prof. Dr. Dimitris Iakovidis
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • Machine learning
  • pattern recognition
  • biomedical image analysis
  • biomedical imaging
  • image classification
  • image retrieval
  • image segmentation
  • decision support systems
  • CAD systems
  • unsupervised learning
  • handcrafted features

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

23 pages, 5628 KiB  
Article
Breast Cancer Classification from Ultrasound Images Using Probability-Based Optimal Deep Learning Feature Fusion
by Kiran Jabeen, Muhammad Attique Khan, Majed Alhaisoni, Usman Tariq, Yu-Dong Zhang, Ameer Hamza, Artūras Mickus and Robertas Damaševičius
Sensors 2022, 22(3), 807; https://doi.org/10.3390/s22030807 - 21 Jan 2022
Cited by 151 | Viewed by 15003
Abstract
After lung cancer, breast cancer is the second leading cause of death in women. If breast cancer is detected early, mortality rates in women can be reduced. Because manual breast cancer diagnosis takes a long time, an automated system is required for early [...] Read more.
After lung cancer, breast cancer is the second leading cause of death in women. If breast cancer is detected early, mortality rates in women can be reduced. Because manual breast cancer diagnosis takes a long time, an automated system is required for early cancer detection. This paper proposes a new framework for breast cancer classification from ultrasound images that employs deep learning and the fusion of the best selected features. The proposed framework is divided into five major steps: (i) data augmentation is performed to increase the size of the original dataset for better learning of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models; (ii) a pre-trained DarkNet-53 model is considered and the output layer is modified based on the augmented dataset classes; (iii) the modified model is trained using transfer learning and features are extracted from the global average pooling layer; (iv) the best features are selected using two improved optimization algorithms known as reformed differential evaluation (RDE) and reformed gray wolf (RGW); and (v) the best selected features are fused using a new probability-based serial approach and classified using machine learning algorithms. The experiment was conducted on an augmented Breast Ultrasound Images (BUSI) dataset, and the best accuracy was 99.1%. When compared with recent techniques, the proposed framework outperforms them. Full article
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