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Feature Paper Collection in Section Chromatographic Separations
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Feature Paper Collection in Section Chromatographic Separations

A topical collection in Separations (ISSN 2297-8739). This collection belongs to the section "Chromatographic Separations".

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Editors

Prof. Dr. Victoria Samanidou

E-Mail Website
Collection Editor
Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
Interests: analytical chemistry; sample preparation; chromatography; HPLC; method validation; method development; separation science; food analysis; bioanalysis; environmental analysis; green analytical chemistry; sorptive extraction; microextraction techniques
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Evroula Hapeshi

E-Mail Website
Collection Editor
Pharmacy Program, Department of Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, CY-1700 Nicosia, Cyprus
Interests: pharmaceutical analysis; peptidomics; proteomics; metabolomics; drug impurities; LC‐MS/MS
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Topical Collection Information

Dear Colleagues,

It is a pleasure to invite you and members of your research group to submit an article for the Topical Collection “Chromatographic Separations” in the journal Separations (https://www.mdpi.com/journal/separations). This Topical Collection is investigating the introduction of new, more effective technologies based on the application of chromatographic techniques for the seperation mixture of compounds in difficult matrices. It is focused on the recent findings in the field of the seperation of compounds, the development of analytical protocols based on chromatographic methods, and their application in environmentally friendly processes.

The Topical Collection “Chromatographic Seperations” welcomes high-quality research works that focus on the development of new analytical protocols for the analysis of mixtures of compounds, implementation of these systems, ideas, technologies, and extraction methods that are relevant to promote a greener analytical chemistry.

We kindly invite you to submit high-quality work to this Topical Collection in the journal "Separations". Review articles highlighting recent findings in the field and original research articles are welcome. The articles may be an original research paper describing complete investigations, or a brief communication reporting preliminary results that are timely. We hope that you will be able to accept this invitation and join to the on-going success of this Topical Collection.

Prof. Dr. Victoria Samanidou
Dr. Evroula Hapeshi
Collection Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the collection website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Separations is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • chromatography
  • HPLC
  • HPLC-MS
  • separation science
  • analytical protocol development
  • extraction methods
  • bioanalysis
  • sample preparation
  • green analytical chemistry
  • green sample preparation

Published Papers (6 papers)

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2024

Jump to: 2023, 2022

14 pages, 3318 KiB  
Article
Hyphenation of Thermodesorption into GC × GC-TOFMS for Odorous Molecule Detection in Car Materials: Column Sets and Adaptation of Second Column Dimensions to TD Pressure Constraints
by Romain Klein, José Dugay, Jérôme Vial, Didier Thiébaut, Guy Colombet, Donatien Barreteau and Guillaume Gruntz
Separations 2024, 11(6), 162; https://doi.org/10.3390/separations11060162 - 23 May 2024
Viewed by 788
Abstract
Vehicle interior air quality is an issue of growing interest among car manufacturers and customers. GC-MS is the benchmark method for the analysis of indoor air or material emissions. It is suitable for the quantification of target pollutants and the most abundant compounds. [...] Read more.
Vehicle interior air quality is an issue of growing interest among car manufacturers and customers. GC-MS is the benchmark method for the analysis of indoor air or material emissions. It is suitable for the quantification of target pollutants and the most abundant compounds. It fails, however, to uncover the true molecular complexity of these samples. In the present study, we describe the development of a TD-GC × GC-TOFMS method designed to detect polar and potentially odorous molecules in car material emissions. Attention is paid to the hyphenation of the thermodesorber and the gas chromatograph, both at software and hardware levels, and the constraints due to pressure limitations on the thermodesorber (evaluated at 414 kPa/60 psi at the end of the temperature ramp and at 138 kPa/20 psi at rest). A compromise was made for the 2D column length and diameter to balance separation and pressure (50 × 0.18 × 0.18 cm × mm × µm + 60 cm transfer line selected). On various materials, we were able to observe several hundreds of polar molecules, among them were between 75 and 150 odorants per material. This work lays the foundation for the widespread screening of potential odorants in car material emissions. Full article
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15 pages, 2182 KiB  
Article
Combination of Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents and Nano-Liquid Chromatography towards White Analytical Chemistry: A Practical Application
by Álvaro Santana-Mayor, Giovanni D’Orazio, Salvatore Fanali, Miguel Ángel Rodríguez-Delgado and Bárbara Socas-Rodríguez
Separations 2024, 11(4), 119; https://doi.org/10.3390/separations11040119 - 16 Apr 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1820
Abstract
In this work, a green and practical analytical method based on natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) as extraction agents and nano-liquid chromatography as a separation technique was developed. To demonstrate the applicability of the methodology, alkylphenols and bisphenol A were evaluated as model [...] Read more.
In this work, a green and practical analytical method based on natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) as extraction agents and nano-liquid chromatography as a separation technique was developed. To demonstrate the applicability of the methodology, alkylphenols and bisphenol A were evaluated as model compounds in olive and sunflower oils as model fatty samples by liquid–liquid microextraction. With this aim, several NADES based on mixtures of choline chloride with glycerol, lactic, ascorbic, and citric acids or glycerol with amino acids were evaluated as potential extraction solvents. In addition, to select the most suitable stationary phase for the separation of this group of contaminants, some stationary phases were tested, including Pinnacle II phenyl, Cogent Bidentate C18™, and XBridge® C18. The last one provided the best performance with an analysis time of 11 min. To solve the problem of the compatibility of hydrophilic NADES with chromatographic systems without harming the solubility of analytes, different aqueous organic mixtures were tested. Methanol/water mixtures were the most suitable as an injection solvent. Finally, following the White Analytical Chemistry principles, different tools were used to evaluate the greenness, the practicality, and applicability of the method based on the Analytical Eco-Scale, the Analytical GREEnness metric approach, and the Blue Applicability Grade Index. Full article
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2023

Jump to: 2024, 2022

22 pages, 663 KiB  
Review
Sulfolane Analysis in Environmental Samples: A Critical Review
by Merrik Kobarfard and Tadeusz Górecki
Separations 2024, 11(1), 11; https://doi.org/10.3390/separations11010011 - 27 Dec 2023
Viewed by 2222
Abstract
Sulfolane, a highly water-soluble industrial solvent, has raised environmental concerns due to its widespread usage and its prolonged persistence once released into the environment. To assess the extent of contamination effectively, reliable analytical methods are essential. In this review article, the existing methodologies [...] Read more.
Sulfolane, a highly water-soluble industrial solvent, has raised environmental concerns due to its widespread usage and its prolonged persistence once released into the environment. To assess the extent of contamination effectively, reliable analytical methods are essential. In this review article, the existing methodologies for the sample preparation and determination of sulfolane are systematically examined and evaluated. In brief, existing guidelines for sampling from environmental matrices provide a solid foundation for sulfolane analysis. Notably, there is little variation in the choice of final determination methods, with GC-MS or GC-FID being favored across all studies. However, substantial variability emerges in sample preparation methods. Moreover, upon scrutiny of the analytical procedures utilized in sulfolane analysis, it becomes evident that a considerable number of them are characterized by inefficiency or environmental hazards, often relying on substantial quantities of chlorinated solvents. Through this review, valuable insights into the challenges at hand and potential solutions can be gained, offering a foundation for the development of novel sulfolane analysis methods applicable to a range of environmental matrices. Overall, this field calls for further research to devise efficient and environmentally sustainable analytical methods for sulfolane analysis. Full article
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13 pages, 823 KiB  
Article
Quantitative Analysis of Eight Compounds in Traditional Korean Medicine, Gongjindan Using HPLC, UPLC–MS/MS, and GC–MS/MS Systems
by Chang-Seob Seo and Hyeun-Kyoo Shin
Separations 2023, 10(4), 231; https://doi.org/10.3390/separations10040231 - 28 Mar 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1882
Abstract
Gongjindan (GJD) is a traditional Korean medicine consisting of four herbal medicines and two animal-derived medicines, and is taken as a tonic in Republic of Korea. In this study, the goal was to develop and validate a simultaneous analytical method to quantify eight [...] Read more.
Gongjindan (GJD) is a traditional Korean medicine consisting of four herbal medicines and two animal-derived medicines, and is taken as a tonic in Republic of Korea. In this study, the goal was to develop and validate a simultaneous analytical method to quantify eight compounds in commercially available GJD samples using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), ultra-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS/MS), and gas chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (GC–MS/MS) systems. In HPLC and UPLC–MS/MS, seven components (gallic acid, 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural, morroniside, loganin, nodakenin, decursin, and decursinol angelate) were separated and quantified using a distilled water–acetonitrile mobile phase system on a Capcell Pak UG80 C18 column and an Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column, respectively. Muscone was quantified using GC–MS/MS. The developed assays were validated by evaluating the linearity, limit of detection, limit of quantitation, recovery, and precision. In the regression equations of all compounds, the coefficient of determination was ≥0.9917, showing good linearity. The recovery was 93.70–108.17%, and the relative standard deviation values in the precision test were all <1.50%. Using the developed analysis methods, GJD samples were determined to contain the eight target compounds in concentrations from non-detected to 10.75 mg/g. The analytical assays developed and validated in this study can be used to obtain data for the quality control of commercially available GJDs and for the further expansion of efficacy and clinical studies. Full article
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2022

Jump to: 2024, 2023

12 pages, 2327 KiB  
Article
Capsule Phase Microextraction Combined with Chemometrics for the HPLC Determination of Amphotericin B in Human Serum
by Natalia Manousi, Anastasia Korpeti, Abuzar Kabir, Kenneth G. Furton and Constantinos K. Zacharis
Separations 2022, 9(12), 433; https://doi.org/10.3390/separations9120433 - 12 Dec 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2411
Abstract
This article discusses the use of a sorbent-based microextraction technique employing a capsule device to isolate amphotericin B (AMB) from human serum before analysis by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). AMB is a macrocyclic compound used for the treatment of invasive fungal infections. [...] Read more.
This article discusses the use of a sorbent-based microextraction technique employing a capsule device to isolate amphotericin B (AMB) from human serum before analysis by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). AMB is a macrocyclic compound used for the treatment of invasive fungal infections. Before determining AMB in human serum by HPLC, a sample preparation step is required. Capsule phase microextraction (CPME) integrates the stirring and filtration mechanisms in a single unit, simplifying the sample preparation procedure. Moreover, it results in fast extraction kinetics and high extraction efficiency, while it has proved to be a powerful tool for bioanalysis. Different sol–gel sorbent encapsulated microextraction capsules were investigated, and sol–gel Carbowax 20 M was finally chosen as the basis for the microextraction device. Accordingly, the sample preparation protocol was investigated using a face-centered central composite design to achieve good extraction performance. The optimum protocol was validated in terms of linearity, selectivity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantitation (LOQ), precision, and accuracy. The linear range of the developed approach was 0.10–10.0 μg mL−1. The LOD value was 0.03 μg mL−1, and the LOQ value was 0.10 μg mL−1. Method accuracy (expressed as relative recovery) was 87–113%, while the relative standard deviation of the repeatability (sr) and within-laboratory reproducibility (sR) were <12.4%. The sol–gel sorbent encapsulated microextraction capsules were reusable for at least 10 extraction cycles. All things considered, the proposed method exhibited good overall performance, and it could be used in bioanalysis for quality control, therapeutic drug monitoring and research purposes. Full article
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8 pages, 2879 KiB  
Article
Automated Image Analysis for Retention Determination in Centrifugal Partition Chromatography
by Felix Buthmann, Florian Pley, Gerhard Schembecker and Jörg Koop
Separations 2022, 9(11), 358; https://doi.org/10.3390/separations9110358 - 8 Nov 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1706
Abstract
In Centrifugal Partition Chromatography, two immiscible liquids are used as mobile and stationary phases. During operation, bleeding of the stationary phase cannot be eliminated completely. For optimal separation performance, however, it is crucial to maintain sufficient amounts of stationary phase in the system, [...] Read more.
In Centrifugal Partition Chromatography, two immiscible liquids are used as mobile and stationary phases. During operation, bleeding of the stationary phase cannot be eliminated completely. For optimal separation performance, however, it is crucial to maintain sufficient amounts of stationary phase in the system, which is quantitatively measured by the retention value. With an online measurement of that retention value, it is possible to make predictions about the separation performance of the system. Therefore, an image processing algorithm was developed in this study, allowing quick and effortless online evaluation of retention by image analysis. Finally, the results were compared with proven analysis methods to evaluate the measurements’ validity. With the help of the new algorithm, it was possible to improve the number of pictures analyzed per time and the precision compared to the previously used technique. Full article
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