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Watershed Hydrology and Sustainable Water Environments

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Sustainable Water Management".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2025 | Viewed by 2433

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Geomorphology, Edaphology and Riparian Areas Laboratory (GERi Lab), Department of Forest and Natural Environment Sciences, International Hellenic University, 66100 Drama, Greece
Interests: sustainable management of water resources; hydrology, riparian ecology and ecosystems restoration; fluvial geomorphology; biological and environmental sciences; water pollution and non-point pollutants; climate change and riparian areas; management of torrents; urban streams; nature-based solutions; ecosystem-based approaches; flood management; drought management; aquatic and semi-aquatic ecosystems; protected areas
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Geomorphology, Edaphology and Riparian Areas Laboratory (GERi Lab), Department of Forestry and Natural Environment Sciences, International Hellenic University, 66100 Drama, Greece
Interests: hydrologic modeling; watershed management; natural disasters (e.g., floods); underground water resources; Geographic Information Systems; Remote Sensing; UAVs on water resources for surface velocity and water discharge; UAVs on water resources to map geomorphological changes; UAVs for environmental monitoring
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Forestry and Wood Science and Design, University of Thessaly, 43100 Karditsa, Greece
Interests: ecology; conservation; biodiversity; sustainable ecosystems; protected areas; SDGs; wildlife conservation; landscape ecology; ecohydrology; ecophysiology; ecosystem services; wetlands; ecotourism; environmental conservation and restoration; sustainable management; seedling production; urban forestry; climate change

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

A watershed is a fundamental concept of hydrology, i.e., the science that studies water. The hydrologic cycle and its components (precipitation, evaporation, transpiration, soil water, groundwater, and streamflow) should be studied at a watershed scale to achieve sustainable management. These processes are complicated in the spatial and temporal scale of the physical environment. Furthermore, the climatic crisis and human activities increase the complexity of these processes, driving hydrologic change and more intense and severe catastrophic phenomena (e.g., droughts, floods, torrential flows, etc.).

This Special Issue attempts to provide fundamental hydrologic research with the intention of understanding current experimental watershed challenges and helping sustainable water management. Water is a limited resource, and without understanding these watershed challenges, it will be impossible to sustainably manage this resource for future generations. Understanding watershed challenges and processes will allow us to more effectively implement nature-based solutions and ecosystem approaches that will allow us to meet UN Sustainable Development Goals along with EU Green Deal objectives.

We invite researchers to contribute original research papers as well as review articles and empirical studies, which will stimulate debate and promote innovation in the monitoring and management of the topic. Potential topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Integrated watershed management;
  • Sustainable water environment;
  • Inland waters;
  • Hydrologic modeling;
  • Flood risk;
  • Urban hydrology;
  • Degradation of riparian zones;
  • Climate change and water resources;
  • Water pollution;
  • Watershed ecohydrology;
  • Watershed ecosystem protection and restoration;
  • Nature-based solutions for water bodies;
  • Aquatic ecosystem-based approaches;
  • Water resources and sustainable production/conservation;
  • Management of aquatic and semi-aquatic ecosystems;
  • Water, energy, food, and ecosystems NEXUS;
  • EU Green Deal.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. George Nick Zaimes
Dr. Paschalis Koutalakis
Dr. Valasia Iakovoglou
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • erosion
  • water quality
  • riparian area
  • pollution
  • nature-based solutions
  • anthropogenic pressures
  • urbanization
  • climate change
  • ecosystem services
  • sustainable development goals

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 4246 KiB  
Article
Enhancing Sustainability in Watershed Management: Spatiotemporal Assessment of Baseflow Alpha Factor in SWAT
by Jimin Lee, Jeongho Han, Seoro Lee, Jonggun Kim, Eun Hye Na, Bernard Engel and Kyoung Jae Lim
Sustainability 2024, 16(21), 9189; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16219189 - 23 Oct 2024
Viewed by 645
Abstract
The increasing frequency of extreme rainfall events poses significant challenges to sustainable water resource management, leading to severe natural disasters. To mitigate these challenges, understanding the hydrological characteristics of watersheds, especially baseflow, is critical for enhancing watershed resilience and supporting sustainable water quality [...] Read more.
The increasing frequency of extreme rainfall events poses significant challenges to sustainable water resource management, leading to severe natural disasters. To mitigate these challenges, understanding the hydrological characteristics of watersheds, especially baseflow, is critical for enhancing watershed resilience and supporting sustainable water quality and resource management. However, conventional watershed models often neglect the accurate simulation of baseflow recession. This study proposes a method for calculating and applying the alpha factor for each hydrologic response unit (HRU) in the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), considering both temporal and spatial variability in baseflow. The study watershed has undergone significant development, increasing the need for effective water management strategies that promote long-term sustainability. The alpha factor was computed using BFlow2021, and its effectiveness was evaluated by comparing recession and baseflow estimates under different methods. The results indicate that incorporating monthly HRU-specific alpha factors significantly improves model predictions of recession characteristics, highlighting the need for a more spatially and temporally detailed approach in hydrological modeling. The proposed methodology can help clarify the connection between recession and baseflow and can be applied to ungauged stations, offering a valuable tool for sustainable watershed and water quality management. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Watershed Hydrology and Sustainable Water Environments)
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17 pages, 3763 KiB  
Article
Hydrologic Model Prediction Improvement in Karst Watersheds through Available Reservoir Capacity of Karst
by Lin Liao, Saeed Rad, Junfeng Dai, Asfandyar Shahab, Jingxuan Xu and Rui Xia
Sustainability 2024, 16(15), 6557; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16156557 - 31 Jul 2024
Viewed by 820
Abstract
This study aimed to enhance flood forecasting accuracy in the Liangfeng River basin, a small karst watershed in Southern China, by incorporating the Available Reservoir Capacity of Karst (ARCK) into the HEC-HMS model. This region is often threatened by floods during the rainy [...] Read more.
This study aimed to enhance flood forecasting accuracy in the Liangfeng River basin, a small karst watershed in Southern China, by incorporating the Available Reservoir Capacity of Karst (ARCK) into the HEC-HMS model. This region is often threatened by floods during the rainy season, so an accurate flood forecast can help decision-makers better manage rivers. As a crucial influencing factor on karstic runoff, ARCK is often overlooked in hydrological models. The seasonal and volatile nature of ARCK makes the direct computation of its specific values challenging. In this study, a virtual reservoir for each sub-basin (total of 17) was introduced into the model to simulate the storage and release of ARCK-induced runoff phenomena. Simulations via the enhanced model for rainfall events with significant fluctuations in water levels during 2021–2022 revealed that the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient (NSE) of the average simulation accuracy was improved by more than 34%. Normally, rainfalls (even heavy precipitations) during the dry season either do not generate runoff or cause negligible fluctuations in flow rates due to long intervals. Conversely, relatively frequent rainfall events (even light ones) during the wet season result in substantial runoff. Based on this observation, three distinct types of karstic reservoirs with different retaining/releasing capacities were defined, reflecting variations in both the frequency and volume of runoff during both seasons. As a real-time environmental variable, ARCK exhibits higher and lower values during the dry and rainy seasons, respectively, and we can better avoid the risk of flooding according to its special effects. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Watershed Hydrology and Sustainable Water Environments)
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