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Smart Cities for Sustainable Development

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Sustainable Urban and Rural Development".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2024 | Viewed by 9201

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Information Technology Department, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland, Delemont, Switzerland
Interests: learning(artificial intelligence); pattern classification; time series; decision-making; deep learning(artificial intelligence); diseases; electrocardiography; feature extraction; intelligent sensors; medical signal detection; medical signal processing; microcontrollers; neural nets; patient monitoring; signal

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Smart Cities concept is evolving toward Sustainable and Resilience Cities in response to the challenges resulting from increasing energy costs and the overpopulation of cities; for example,  half of the global population now live in cities—a figure that is expected to rise to 80% by 2050— and > 7 billion people are projected to be living in urban areas, extreme weather events driven by climate change, the mobility of new ecosystems, post-COVID-19 lifestyles and the promotion of remote work, and all of the new investments in the co-existence of digital, virtual, and physical ecosystems.

The development of sustainable infrastructure, with a strong awareness of its impact, is crucial; current buildings account for 30% of global energy consumption and 28% of energy-related carbon emissions. City leaders must act with urgency against a worldwide pandemic, climate crisis, economic uncertainty, and budget constraints to make urban infrastructure more resilient. Markets are increasingly pressuring cities to reduce carbon emissions, respond to extreme weather events, reduce waste, and preserve natural resources while still providing critical infrastructure and resources. Citizens expect this as well, increasingly demanding greater transparency.

Digital technologies, such as the Internet of Things, are enablers for cities and public facilities seeking to transform into more sustainable operations while continuing to ensure functionality, comfort, safety, and efficiency. Five trends are underpinning the need for digital transformation, each of which can be met with a sustainable solution that can generate significant savings on time and cost, improve the reliability of core assets, and reduce response times and energy use:

  1. Connectivity with introducing service networks requires greater operational agility and resiliency as LoRa, 5G, 6G and beyond.
  2. Resilience funds and green deal funds to overcome this crisis with improved operational efficiency
  3. Digital and remote workforces, also including the automation of tasks.
  4. Infrastructure regeneration for mobility, urban development, waste, environment, etc., to improve reliability and safety
  5. Sustainability focus, making net zero emissions more achievable and cost-effective.

To understand the challenges of the economic model vs. social impact and environment, we can use the “doughnut effect” as a reference. Cities such as Cartagena, Murcia, Amsterdam, Brussels, Melbourne, and Berlin are examples of cities using these models to pave the way toward social and environmental sustainability.

The theory of the doughnut formula relates to changing the economic model within the means of the planet's limited natural resources. The one at the center is the social foundation, including basic fundamental rights, and the outer ring is the ecological ceiling, which cannot be exceeded if we are to guarantee the prosperity of humanity.

This Special Issue aims to collect all the innovations based on technologies such as platforms, digital twins, the Internet of Things, and innovative sensors related to policies, ussssssss, best practices, experiences, and resilience solutions.

Dr. Antonio J. Jara
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

  • internet of things
  • air quality
  • data quality
  • resilience solutions
  • water quality
  • mobility
  • low emission zones
  • green deal
  • data spaces for sustainability
  • standards for sustainability
  • urban health
  • circular economy
  • green cities
  • regenerative cities
  • sustainable development goals
  • doughnut economics
  • sandboxes
  • testing and experimentation facilities

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 5352 KiB  
Article
Road Junction Throughput Testing in Transport Logistics—Slovak Case Study
by Eva Sventeková, Pavol Prievozník, Michal Sibila and Martin Boroš
Sustainability 2024, 16(14), 6249; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16146249 - 22 Jul 2024
Viewed by 779
Abstract
The development of motoring and the ever-increasing traffic load on roads results in congestion and the collapse of traffic in weak places, which, due to their existing construction solution and traffic organization, cannot cover the current and forecasted requirements of carriers. The aim [...] Read more.
The development of motoring and the ever-increasing traffic load on roads results in congestion and the collapse of traffic in weak places, which, due to their existing construction solution and traffic organization, cannot cover the current and forecasted requirements of carriers. The aim of this article is to present a proposal for a procedure of adjusting the organization of transport, based on our own research and scientific methods of traffic forecasting. The authors work with the hypothesis that there are possibilities of rebuilding weak points in the existing network of overland roads into transport hubs with a higher transport capacity that will cover the requirements of transporters. In this article, the authors emphasize that the basis of the search for an optimal solution to the change in traffic remains the development of calculation methods and consideration of the specific traffic conditions occurring in the given country. Using the example of a case study within the Slovak Republic, we present a proposal for calculation methods based on European standards, which can be used practically without changes in every EU member country. This case study deals with the proposal to transform an uncontrolled four-way intersection into a roundabout. The authors carried out extensive transport research, and on the basis of data analysis, proposed construction and traffic-operational modifications of the existing junction in order to fulfil customer requirements in transport logistics. The proposed solution was verified alternatively with regard to the planned construction of a motorway section near the assessed intersection. When designing the calculation methods, we used our own experimental measurements directly in the area and also included in the calculation methods calculations regarding the capacity of turbo intersections, which are not yet addressed by the technical regulations in the SR environment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart Cities for Sustainable Development)
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19 pages, 1179 KiB  
Article
Moving towards Sustainable Mobility: A Comparative Analysis of Smart Urban Mobility in Croatian Cities
by Maja Mutavdžija, Matija Kovačić and Krešimir Buntak
Sustainability 2024, 16(5), 2004; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16052004 - 28 Feb 2024
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Abstract
Most modern urban areas strive to realize a sustainable and smart urban mobility system. In the Republic of Croatia, no study has provided an analysis of the state of urban mobility therefore, the main purpose of this paper is to determine the level [...] Read more.
Most modern urban areas strive to realize a sustainable and smart urban mobility system. In the Republic of Croatia, no study has provided an analysis of the state of urban mobility therefore, the main purpose of this paper is to determine the level of smart urban mobility in the cities of the Republic of Croatia. Based on the indicators provided by ISO standards (ISO 37120:2018 and ISO 37122:2019), the state of smart urban mobility in the Republic of Croatia was evaluated and a comparative analysis of small, medium-sized, and large cities was conducted. Moreover, correlations were found between individual indicators, within the categories of small, medium, and large cities, to determine whether there is a connection between individual indicators. The obtained results show that the state of smart urban mobility in the territory of the Republic of Croatia is at a very low level. The highest level of smart urban mobility was achieved by large cities, but it was not significantly different from the level in small and medium-sized cities. The correlation between the indicators also highlights the strong links between individual elements in the city. Therefore, to achieve smart urban mobility, it is necessary to manage all elements in an integrated manner. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart Cities for Sustainable Development)
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Review

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22 pages, 3142 KiB  
Review
Exploring the Differences and Similarities between Smart Cities and Sustainable Cities through an Integrative Review
by Fernando Almeida, Cristina Machado Guimarães and Vasco Amorim
Sustainability 2024, 16(20), 8890; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16208890 - 14 Oct 2024
Viewed by 1938
Abstract
This study adopts an integrative review approach to explore the differences and similarities between smart cities and sustainable cities. The research starts by performing two systematic literature reviews about both paradigms and, after that, employs a thematic analysis to identify key themes, definitions, [...] Read more.
This study adopts an integrative review approach to explore the differences and similarities between smart cities and sustainable cities. The research starts by performing two systematic literature reviews about both paradigms and, after that, employs a thematic analysis to identify key themes, definitions, and characteristics that differentiate and connect these two urban development concepts. The findings reveal more similarities than differences between the two paradigms. Despite this, some key differences are identified. Smart cities are characterized by their use of advanced information and communication technologies to enhance urban infrastructure, improve public services, and optimize resource management. In contrast, sustainable cities focus on environmental conservation, social equity, and economic viability to ensure long-term urban resilience and quality of life. This study is important because it clarifies both concepts and highlights the potential for integrating smart and sustainable city strategies to address contemporary urban challenges more holistically. The findings also suggest a convergence towards the concept of ‘smart sustainable cities’, which leverage technology to achieve sustainability goals. Finally, this study concludes by identifying research gaps and proposing a future research agenda to further understand and optimize the synergy between smart and sustainable urban development paradigms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart Cities for Sustainable Development)
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Other

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20 pages, 1678 KiB  
Systematic Review
Artificial Internet of Things, Sensor-Based Digital Twin Urban Computing Vision Algorithms, and Blockchain Cloud Networks in Sustainable Smart City Administration
by Ani Matei and Mădălina Cocoșatu
Sustainability 2024, 16(16), 6749; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16166749 - 7 Aug 2024
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 4830
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to synthesize and analyze existing evidence on interconnected sensor networks and digital urban governance in data-driven smart sustainable cities. The research topic of this systematic review is whether and to what extent smart city governance can effectively [...] Read more.
The aim of this paper is to synthesize and analyze existing evidence on interconnected sensor networks and digital urban governance in data-driven smart sustainable cities. The research topic of this systematic review is whether and to what extent smart city governance can effectively integrate the Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT), intelligent decision algorithms based on big data technologies, and cloud computing. This is relevant since smart cities place special emphasis on the involvement of citizens in decision-making processes and sustainable urban development. To investigate the work to date, search outcome management and systematic review screening procedures were handled by PRISMA and Shiny app flow design. A quantitative literature review was carried out in June 2024 for published original and review research between 2018 and 2024. For qualitative and quantitative data management and analysis in the research review process, data extraction tools, study screening, reference management software, evidence map visualization, machine learning classifiers, and reference management software were harnessed. Dimensions and VOSviewer were deployed to explore and visualize the bibliometric data. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart Cities for Sustainable Development)
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