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Forest Policy and Management Practices for the 21st Century

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Sustainable Management".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2022) | Viewed by 18458

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Forest Economics and Management, Forestry Faculty, Technical University in Zvolen, Zvolen, 960 01, Slovakia
Interests: forest policy; policy instruments; governance; participation; policy evaluation; policy implementation; discourse analysis; ecosystem services

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Guest Editor
Institute of Forest, Environmental and Natural Resource Policy, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Feistmantelstrasse 4, 1180 Vienna, Austria
Interests: forest policy and governance; innovations in sustainable forest management; social innovations; urban forest policy and governance

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

Forests in the 21st century are facing new challenges, but also new opportunities, with growing global demand for wood products and recognition of the role of forests in addressing climate change. Society benefits from forest welfare effects and makes corresponding demands on the conservation and management of the forests. The forest product sector also generates considerable benefits in terms of income and job creation. With the change of people’s lifestyle, urban forests are gaining more importance as a means for supporting human wellbeing.

Since the beginning of the 21st century, forest policy and governance has been trying to cope with the emerging challenges for forestry in numerous activities on a national and international level (Krott, 2008). Important forestry issues are still handled by the state in a policy process, formulating binding programs and implementing them by partly binding means, but at the same time, an increasing number of forest policy instruments no longer fit into this concept, because they go beyond the domain of a single state authority (Krott, 2005). In European countries, forest policies have reformulated forest law and initiated wide-ranging reforms of the state forest services (Nichiforel et al., 2018; Nichiforel et al., 2020). Private forest ownership was re-established throughout countries in transition (Živojinovič et al., 2015). In addition, sustainable forest management certification spread in European countries, and National Forest Programs were initiated. On the international level, the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development became the subject of global initiatives which were strongly reflected by the MCPFE and the EU.

  1. Forest policy instrument implementation and evaluation;
  2. The role of actors in forest policy (forest owners and their associations, policy-makers, public administration, NGOs, ENGOs, EU, UN, media, etc.);
  3. International forest policy processes;
  4. Urban forestry policy;
  5. Urban forestry management for human wellbeing;
  6. Innovations in forestry focusing on institutional and social aspects/ institutional or social aspects of innovations in forestry;
  7. Novel forest management practices (PES, remote sensing, etc.);
  8. Transforming forest management and policy practices in line with circular bioeconomy. 

Hetemäki, L. (2020). The Green Deal and the EU Forest Sector. doi.10.13140/RG.2.2.18617.52321.

Karsenty, A., Blanco, C., Dufour, T. (2003). Forest and climate change. Instruments related to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and their potential for sustainable forest management in Africa. FAO: Rome

Krott, M. (2008). Forest government and forest governance within a Europe in change. The Multifunctional Role of Forests Policies, Methods and Case Studies13. EFI Proceedings no. 55.

Krott, M. (2005). Forest policy analysis. Springer Science & Business Media. 323 p., ISBN 978-1-4020-3478-7

Nichiforel, L., Deuffic, P., Thorsen, B. J., Weiss, G., Hujala, T., Keary, K., ...  Górriz-Mifsud, E. (2020). Two decades of forest-related legislation changes in European countries analysed from a property rights perspective. Forest Policy and Economics115, 102146. doi:10.1016/j.forpol.2020.102146

Nichiforel, L., Keary, K., Deuffic, P., Weiss, G., Thorsen, B. J., Winkel, G., ... Mifsud, E. G. (2018). How private are Europe’s private forests? A comparative property rights analysis. Land Use Policy76, 535-552. doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2018.02.034

Živojinović, I., Weiss, G., Lidestav, G., Feliciano, D., Hujala, T., Dobšinská, Z., Lawrence, A., Nybakk, E., Schraml, U. (2015). Forest land ownership change in Europe. COST Action FP1201 FACESMAP Country Reports, Joint Volume. EFICEEC-EFISEE Research Report. University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Vienna, Austria693.

Dr. Zuzana Dobsinska
Ms. Ivana Zivojinovic
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • forest policy
  • forest management
  • sustainable forest management
  • policy instruments
  • management practices
  • innovations
  • forest ecosystem services
  • bioeconomy

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 1504 KiB  
Article
Is It Possible for Poland to Achieve the Policy Goal of 33% Forest Cover by Mid-Century?
by Adam Kaliszewski and Marek Jabłoński
Sustainability 2022, 14(11), 6541; https://doi.org/10.3390/su14116541 - 27 May 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2351
Abstract
The aim of the present paper is to discuss the problems with attempts to increase forest area in Poland (with a focusing on afforestation in the last 30 years), to analyse the discrepancy between the afforested area and the recorded increase in forest [...] Read more.
The aim of the present paper is to discuss the problems with attempts to increase forest area in Poland (with a focusing on afforestation in the last 30 years), to analyse the discrepancy between the afforested area and the recorded increase in forest area, and to identify solutions that could enable Poland to achieve the policy goal of 33% forest cover by 2050. The study is based on available official documents, statistical data, and the existing literature. It presents the results of a postal survey of key institutional actors involved in afforestation in Poland on the factors hindering the implementation of afforestation on private land. The study shows that the main factors influencing the collapse of afforestation are long-term, and it is unlikely that this trend will be reversed in the coming years. However, it appears possible to take steps to convert forested agricultural lands that meet national criteria for recognition as forest to forest. The urgent need to protect biodiversity and improve environmental quality in the face of climate change makes it necessary to develop and implement a new program to increase forest area and to provide coherent tools to support the conversion of forested agricultural land to forest. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Forest Policy and Management Practices for the 21st Century)
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19 pages, 314 KiB  
Article
Affirmative Policy in Nepal’s Community Forestry: Does it Make a Difference in Terms of Social Sustainability?
by Carlo Murer and Alessandra Piccoli
Sustainability 2022, 14(9), 5598; https://doi.org/10.3390/su14095598 - 6 May 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2218
Abstract
Decentralized forest management is criticized for not involving women in decision-making. The study explores what the introduction of affirmative policy in community forestry committees means for the participation of women in decision making in four cases in the middle hills of Nepal. The [...] Read more.
Decentralized forest management is criticized for not involving women in decision-making. The study explores what the introduction of affirmative policy in community forestry committees means for the participation of women in decision making in four cases in the middle hills of Nepal. The qualitative analysis of interviews and observations draws on feminist political ecology, a women’s participation typology, the critical mass theory and gender justice. The findings centre on the importance of electoral procedures, the role of authorities, the role of the familial context and whether and how women internalized and contested patriarchal norms. The women’s quota was found to have had as yet little impact on substantive participation, yet the enhanced exposure of female committee members to the discrepancy between the gender equality discourse introduced in community forestry and the persistent male domination seemed to create, in a few women performing as critical actors, an enhanced awareness of male suppression; an awareness that is a prerequisite for contestation of those patriarchal norms denying women access to power over forest and, generally speaking, of gender injustice. This research reports examples of women, brought in the executive committees by the studied affirmative policies, successfully contesting traditional gender roles and gender injustice, negotiating for them and for the other women, a more effective and meaningful participation in the management of Community Forests. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Forest Policy and Management Practices for the 21st Century)
20 pages, 1310 KiB  
Article
Policy Processes in the Institutionalisation of Private Forestry in the Republic of North Macedonia
by Vladimir Stojanovski
Sustainability 2022, 14(7), 4018; https://doi.org/10.3390/su14074018 - 29 Mar 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2555
Abstract
As a result of recent political changes in North Macedonia, economic practice in the country has moved away from the communist model that was dominated by state ownership. As a part of this movement, the National Association of Private Forest Owners was founded [...] Read more.
As a result of recent political changes in North Macedonia, economic practice in the country has moved away from the communist model that was dominated by state ownership. As a part of this movement, the National Association of Private Forest Owners was founded to support the sustainable management of private forests and as an instrument to help overcome the new challenges faced by this new interest group and government policy in local forestry. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to understand the enabling and constraining aspects of North Macedonian forest policy on the institutionalisation of private forestry. The findings show that some socialist structures and practices related to forest management activities on private forest land still exist. The attempts to strengthen private forestry by introducing more modern forms of institutionalisation can be seen in the country’s Law on Forests amendment from 2011 initiating the denationalisation of forest management activities on private forest land and introducing private licenced bodies for such. With further amendments in 2014, the policy largely returned to how it was when the country was a part of Yugoslavia, influencing the progress of the institutionalisation of private forestry to remain symbolic. Integrating solutions to private forestry problems and concerns into the broader forest policy domain requires a deep understanding of private forestry rational principles and a strong political will to do so. Effective national forest policy coordination is one of the solutions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Forest Policy and Management Practices for the 21st Century)
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23 pages, 28764 KiB  
Article
Policy and Governance Implications for Transition to NTFP-Based Bioeconomy in Kashmir Himalayas
by Ishtiyak Ahmad Peerzada, James Chamberlain, Mohan Reddy, Shalini Dhyani and Somidh Saha
Sustainability 2021, 13(21), 11811; https://doi.org/10.3390/su132111811 - 26 Oct 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 4381
Abstract
Forests of Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) have a rich diversity of valuable non-timber forest products (NTFP) that local communities extract for their sustenance and income. The region is home to over 60% of species recognized for novel bio-medicinal properties in the Indian Himalayas. [...] Read more.
Forests of Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) have a rich diversity of valuable non-timber forest products (NTFP) that local communities extract for their sustenance and income. The region is home to over 60% of species recognized for novel bio-medicinal properties in the Indian Himalayas. There is significant national and international demand for these species, providing income and employment for more than 60% of the population of J&K. Despite this, NTFP are not adequately recognized for their contributions to rural livelihoods and the regional economy due to the lack of appropriate policy and governance mechanisms. In this study, we embrace a bioresource vision to examine challenges and opportunities for transition to a sustainable bioeconomy in J&K. Selected NTFP were considered for valuation to showcase their bioeconomy potential using two approaches. First, we used the ‘market price method’ to estimate the contribution of NTFP to the local economy. Second, the ‘maximum willingness to pay method’ was used to project the bioeconomy potential of NTFP in the region. The analysis reveals that local communities’ revenues could increase by as much as 18 times their current price with appropriate actions to include NTFP. However, to realize this potential, policies and governance frameworks based on increased access and benefit sharing with inclusive institutional models would support the transition of the local economy into a bioeconomy. Fostering public–community partnership by improving the local participation of producers and processors in NTFP value chains for overcoming the existing governance barriers is needed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Forest Policy and Management Practices for the 21st Century)
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21 pages, 1427 KiB  
Article
An Institutional Analysis and Reconfiguration Framework for Sustainability Research on Post-Transition Forestry—A Focus on Ukraine
by Maria Nijnik, Tatiana Kluvánková, Mariana Melnykovych, Albert Nijnik, Serhiy Kopiy, Stanislava Brnkaľáková, Simo Sarkki, Leonid Kopiy, Igor Fizyk, Carla Barlagne and David Miller
Sustainability 2021, 13(8), 4360; https://doi.org/10.3390/su13084360 - 14 Apr 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 4313
Abstract
In this paper, we elaborate an Institutional Analysis and Reconfiguration Framework centered around the ‘action arena’ theoretical approach. We develop this framework to analyze institutional reconfiguration to enhance sustainability, and operationalize it using research methods which focus on documentation of the institutional contexts [...] Read more.
In this paper, we elaborate an Institutional Analysis and Reconfiguration Framework centered around the ‘action arena’ theoretical approach. We develop this framework to analyze institutional reconfiguration to enhance sustainability, and operationalize it using research methods which focus on documentation of the institutional contexts through an extensive literature review and interviews of experts in forest policy. We apply the Institutional Analysis and Reconfiguration Framework to examine forestry institutions, address forest governance, and investigate their effect on socio-economic and environmental performances in forestry of Ukraine. The paper draws on the state of affairs in post-transition forestry, its difficulties, and new prospects for economic and institutional reforms. We examine challenges and opportunities in forestry and suggest key remedies and prospective ways forward. Results show that a combination of path dependency with the rigidity of institutions and a slow pace of economic and political reforms is the major obstacle to implementing decisions regarding sustainable forest policy. A reconfiguration of social practices is required, as well as the development of capabilities and awareness raising amongst relevant stakeholders, to realize the problems, envision alternative futures, challenge existing institutions, shift power relations and create new norms, rules, and decision-making arrangements. The way towards sustainability in forestry largely goes through changing institutions, and a human dimension of institutional changes reflected in the uptake of social innovation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Forest Policy and Management Practices for the 21st Century)
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