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Sustainable Chemical Engineering: Adsorption and Water Disinfection
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Sustainable Chemical Engineering: Adsorption and Water Disinfection

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Sustainable Engineering and Science".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 February 2023) | Viewed by 7176

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Sameer Al-Asheh

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
Interests: membrane bioreactors; biosorption; water disinfection; microbial fuel cell applications; solid-state fermentation processes

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Special Issue ‘Sustainable Chemical Engineering: Adsorption and Water Disinfection’ will feature peer-reviewed, original research in the field of water and wastewater treatment. It includes full-length research papers, case studies, and notes on topics related to removal and existence of such pollutants as heavy metals, organic matters, micropollutants, dyes from water and wastewater by adsorption processes. The issue also covers research papers on water disinfection, either by chlorination, ozonation, UV, or other advanced disinfection technologies. In addition to these two pillars, papers or relevant topics are also welcome. The aim of the published papers is to enhance the water quality, treatment of water and wastewater in a cost-effective manner, and to provide a vehicle for the rapid dissemination of information of interest to professionals in academia, industry, government, and consulting who are involved in the water quality and water treatment.

Prof. Dr. Sameer Al-Asheh
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Water and wastewater treatment
  • Adsorption processes
  • Removal of heavy metals
  • Phenolic compounds
  • Micropollutants
  • Chlorination disinfection
  • Ozonation
  • UV disinfection

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 3241 KiB  
Article
Differential Expression of Antioxidant Enzymes in Chlorine-Resistant Acinetobacter and Serratia spp. Isolated from Water Distribution Sites in Mumbai: A Study on Mechanisms of Chlorine Resistance for Sustainable Water Treatment Strategies
by Santosh Jathar, Sanabil Dakhni, Disha Shinde, Abigail Fernandes, Pamela Jha, Neetin Desai, Tareeka Sonawane and Renitta Jobby
Sustainability 2023, 15(10), 8287; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15108287 - 19 May 2023
Viewed by 1724
Abstract
Chlorination is a widely used process for disinfecting drinking water, but the emergence of chlorine-resistant bacteria has become a significant concern. While previous research has focused on identifying chlorine-resistant organisms, there has been limited investigation into the mechanisms behind chlorine resistance. Some bacterial [...] Read more.
Chlorination is a widely used process for disinfecting drinking water, but the emergence of chlorine-resistant bacteria has become a significant concern. While previous research has focused on identifying chlorine-resistant organisms, there has been limited investigation into the mechanisms behind chlorine resistance. Some bacterial isolates that display resistance to chlorine treatment may protect themselves using various mechanisms, including biofilm production, antibiotic resistance, horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes, or producing antioxidant enzymes. Given that chlorination employs hypochlorous acid (HOCl), which is an extremely potent oxidizing agent, the most critical mechanism to investigate is antioxidant enzymes. This study investigated the antioxidant profile of eight chlorine-resistant isolates (three of the Serratia sp. and five of the Acinetobacter) after chlorine exposure. The profiles, both between and within species, were noticeably different. Among the isolates, Acinetobacter junii NA 3-2 showed a significant increase in the specific activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase after exposure to 20 ppm chlorine. In the guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) assay, only isolates belonging to Serratia marcescens showed GPX activity, and Serratia marcescens 3929-1 showed significant increase after exposure to 20 ppm of chlorine. None of the isolates belonging to Acinetobacter spp. showed GPX activity. Additionally, almost all control samples exhibited some enzyme activity, which may explain their survival against chlorine treatment in reservoirs. Principal component analysis revealed no strain-dependent similarities, while the balance of scavenging enzymes changed, as demonstrated in the heat map. Thus, this study suggests that antioxidant enzymes may be one mechanism of protection for some bacterial species against oxidative stress from chlorination, resulting in chlorine resistance. Understanding the mechanism of chlorine resistance is critical to identifying potential solutions. This study highlights the need to consider more modern approaches to disinfecting drinking water. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Chemical Engineering: Adsorption and Water Disinfection)
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13 pages, 1425 KiB  
Article
Reduction of Lead and Antimony Ions from the Crystal Glass Wastewaters Utilising Adsorption
by Alenka Ojstršek, Natalija Gorjanc and Darinka Fakin
Sustainability 2021, 13(20), 11156; https://doi.org/10.3390/su132011156 - 9 Oct 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1692
Abstract
The presented research examined five adsorbents, i.e., zeolite 4A, a mixture of three zeolites (4A, 13X, and ZSM-5), natural zeolite (tuff), activated carbon, and peat, and their potential capability for removal of exceeded ions of lead (Pb), antimony (Sb), sulphates (SO42− [...] Read more.
The presented research examined five adsorbents, i.e., zeolite 4A, a mixture of three zeolites (4A, 13X, and ZSM-5), natural zeolite (tuff), activated carbon, and peat, and their potential capability for removal of exceeded ions of lead (Pb), antimony (Sb), sulphates (SO42−), and fluorides (F−) from real wastewater generated in the crystal glass industry, which was previously treated in-situ by flocculation, with the aim to attain the statutory values for discharge into watercourses or possible recycling. The screening experiment evidenced that the tuff was the most suitable adsorbent for the reduction of Pb (93.8%) and F− (98.1%). It also lowered wastewater’s pH sufficiently from 9.6 to 7.8, although it was less appropriate for the reduction of Sb (66.7%) as compared to activated carbon (96.7%) or peat (99.9%). By adjusting the pH of the initial wastewater to pH 5, its adsorption capacity even enlarged. Results from the tuff-filled column experiment revealed reduction of Pb up to 97%, Sb up to 80%, and F− up to 96%, depending on the velocity flow, and thus it could be used for post-treatment (and recycling) of wastewaters from the crystal glass industry. Moreover, the system showed an explicit buffering capacity, but negligible reduction of the SO42−. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Chemical Engineering: Adsorption and Water Disinfection)
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13 pages, 3592 KiB  
Article
Simultaneous Adsorption and Reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) in Aqueous Solution Using Nitrogen-Rich Aminal Linked Porous Organic Polymers
by Muhammad A. Sabri, Ziad Sara, Mohammad H. Al-Sayah, Taleb H. Ibrahim, Mustafa I. Khamis and Oussama M. El-Kadri
Sustainability 2021, 13(2), 923; https://doi.org/10.3390/su13020923 - 18 Jan 2021
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2684
Abstract
Two novel nitrogen-rich aminal linked porous organic polymers, NRAPOP-O and NRAPOP-S, have been prepared using a single step-one pot Schiff-base condensation reaction of 9,10-bis-(4,6-diamino-S-triazin-2-yl)benzene and 2-furaldehyde or 2-thiophenecarboxaldehyde, respectively. The two polymers show excellent thermal and physiochemical stabilities and possess high porosity with [...] Read more.
Two novel nitrogen-rich aminal linked porous organic polymers, NRAPOP-O and NRAPOP-S, have been prepared using a single step-one pot Schiff-base condensation reaction of 9,10-bis-(4,6-diamino-S-triazin-2-yl)benzene and 2-furaldehyde or 2-thiophenecarboxaldehyde, respectively. The two polymers show excellent thermal and physiochemical stabilities and possess high porosity with Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface areas of 692 and 803 m2 g−1 for NRAPOP-O and NRAPOP-S, respectively. Because of such porosity, attractive chemical and physical properties, and the availability of redox-active sites and physical environment, the NRAPOPs were able to effectively remove Cr(VI) from solution, reduce it to Cr(III), and simultaneously release it into the solution. The efficiency of the adsorption process was assessed under various influencing factors such as pH, contact time, polymer dosage, and initial concentration of Cr(VI). At the optimum conditions, 100% removal of Cr(VI) was achieved, with simultaneous reduction and release of Cr(III) by NRAPOP-O with 80% efficiency. Moreover, the polymers can be easily regenerated by the addition of reducing agents such as hydrazine without significant loss in the detoxication of Cr(VI). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Chemical Engineering: Adsorption and Water Disinfection)
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